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iuxta

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/07/15 15:20 UTC 版)

別の表記

• iū̆xstā, iū̆sta
• jū̆xtā, jū̆xstā, jū̆stā

語源

Unclear, but reflects an earlier ablative form. Proposals include:

• from Proto-Italic *jougestos (“yoked”), from *jougos (“team of yoke animals”) (whence Latin iūgera pl), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)yewg-es-, from *(H)yewg- (“join together”);
• from Proto-Italic *jugistos (“closest”), equivalent to *(H)yug- +‎ *-istHos (“superlative suffix”); however, this suffix is otherwise not found in Latin.

The accusative is from the suffix used adverbially.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈjuːk.staː], [ˈjʊk.staː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈjuk.st̪a]
• Note: the length of the /u/ is uncertain due to lack of graphic attestations, unclear etymology and common conflation with iūstus (“just; exact”) already in Latin as well as its Romance descendants. Most other dictionaries list it as short.

副詞

iū̆xtā (not comparable)

1. nearly, nigh
   Synonyms: paene, fermē, ferē, prope
2. near, close to
3. just as

派生した語

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian:
    Campidanese: giusta
    Logudorese: justa
    Nuorese: justa
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: giusta
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: joste (“close to, along”)
    * French: jouxte (“close”) (semi-latinized, archaic)
  • Old Occitan: josta
• Derivates:
  • ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *iuxtāre (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Medieval Latin: iūxtāpōnō (see there for further descendants)

参照

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “jŭxta”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 96
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “jŭxtare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 97
• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) “secondo”, in Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
2. ^ Weiss, Michael L. (2009) Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎, Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, § B 1 b, page 357

Further reading

• “juxtā”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “iuxta”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "iuxta", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• juxtā in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• iuxta in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
• "iūxtā" in Karl Ernst Georges, Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch
• Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges Founded on Comparative Grammar, Ginn & Company, 1903, page 130.
• Dirk Panhuis, Roland Hoffmann (translator), Lateinische Grammatik, Walter de Gruyter, 2015, pages 84 and 86.
• "iūxtā" in PONS, Deutsch-Latein-Wörterbuch (German-Latin dictionary)

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