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metus

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/02/23 17:56 UTC 版)

語源

Of unknown origin. Klingenschmitt connects the word to Old Irish moth m (“astonishment”), which is semantically attractive; however, he does not explain the phonetic mechanisms by which the two words could be related.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈmɛ.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈmɛː.tus]

名詞

metus m (genitive **metūs); fourth declension

1. fear, dread, anxiety, apprehension
   Synonyms: terror m, timor m, pavor m
2. awe, reverence

語形変化

Fourth-declension noun.

派生語

• metuō
• in metū sum (I am in fear)
• meticulōsus
• metum concipiō (I become afraid)
• metum habeō (I am afraid, I entertain fear)

派生した語

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: mieu
  • Old Navarro-Aragonese: miedo
    * Aragonese: miedo
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: medo
    * Galician: medo
    * Portuguese: medo
  • Spanish: miedo
    * Papiamentu: miedu
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Gascon: met
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Piedmontese: mei, meimei (Montferrat)
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *metōrōsum (see there for further descendants)
• Borrowings:
  • → Italian: meto

参照

• “metus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “metus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “metus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be comprised under the term 'fear.: sub metum subiectum esse
  • a man is paralysed with fear: metus aliquem exanimat (Mil. 24. 65)
  • to grow pale with fear: exalbescere metu
  • to be completely prostrated by fear: metu fractum et debilitatum, perculsum esse
  • to recover from one's fright: a metu respirare (Cluent. 70. 200)
  • to recover from one's fright: ex metu se recreare, se colligere
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “mĕtus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 6/2: Mercatio–Mneme, page 62
• Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1985), “miedo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎ (in Spanish), volume IV (Me–Re), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 66

1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “metus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 378

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