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summum

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/12/19 14:49 UTC 版)

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈsʊm.mũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsum.mum]

名詞

summum n (genitive summī); second declension

1. top
2. summit

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

派生した語

• Asturian: somu
• Italian: sommo
• Old French: som, ⇒ somet
  • English: summit
  • French: sommet
• Spanish: somo, → súmmum
• → Catalan: súmmum

形容詞

summum

1. inflection of summus:
   1. accusative masculine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular

参照

• “summum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "summum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “summum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) a gentle ascent: collis leniter ab infimo acclivis (opp. leniter a summo declivis)
  • (ambiguous) the surface of the water: summa aqua
  • (ambiguous) in the height of summer, depth of winter: summa aestate, hieme
  • (ambiguous) the position is very critical: res in summo discrimine versatur
  • (ambiguous) to be entirely destitute; to be a beggar: in summa egestate or mendicitate esse
  • (ambiguous) to be bound by the closest ties of friendship: artissimo amicitiae vinculo or summa familiaritate cum aliquo coniunctum esse
  • (ambiguous) to be in a dignified position: dignitas est summa in aliquo
  • (ambiguous) to be in a dignified position: summa dignitate praeditum esse
  • (ambiguous) to praise, extol, commend a person: (maximis, summis) laudibus efferre aliquem or aliquid
  • (ambiguous) to have reached the highest pinnacle of eminence: summa gloria florere
  • (ambiguous) to bring to the highest perfection: ad summum perducere
  • (ambiguous) to attain perfection: ad perfectionem, (ad summum) pervenire
  • (ambiguous) ideal perfection: absolutio et perfectio (not summa perfectio)
  • (ambiguous) to be an ardent student of..: summo studio in litteris versari
  • (ambiguous) to possess rich mental endowments: summo ingenio praeditum esse
  • (ambiguous) unanimously: uno, communi, summo or omnium consensu (Tusc. 1. 15. 35)
  • (ambiguous) the learned men are most unanimous in..: summa est virorum doctissimorum consensio (opp. dissensio)
  • (ambiguous) a master-piece of classical work: opus summo artificio[TR1] factum
  • (ambiguous) to depict a thing in lively colours: summo colore aliquid illustrare
  • (ambiguous) to consider virtue the highest good: summum bonum in virtute ponere
  • (ambiguous) to honour the gods with all due ceremonial (very devoutly): deum rite (summa religione) colere
  • (ambiguous) to stand in very intimate relations to some one: summa necessitudine aliquem contingere
  • (ambiguous) to be in severe pecuniary straits: in summa difficultate nummaria versari (Verr. 2. 28. 69)
  • (ambiguous) the welfare of the state: summa res publica (or summa rei publicae)
  • (ambiguous) of high rank: summo loco natus
  • (ambiguous) high and low: summi (et) infimi (Rep. 1. 34. 53)
  • (ambiguous) to proceed against some one with the utmost rigour of the law; to strain the law in one's favour: summo iure agere cum aliquo (cf. summum ius, summa iniuria)
  • (ambiguous) the command-in-chief: summa belli, imperii (B. G. 2. 4. 7)
  • (ambiguous) the position is critical: res est in periculo, in summo discrimine
  • (ambiguous) deep peace: summa pax
  • (ambiguous) legitimately; with the fullest right: optimo iure (cf. summo iure, sect. XV. 1).

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