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意味・対訳 台湾

音節Tai・wan 発音記号・読み方

/tὰɪwάːn(米国英語), ˈtaɪˈwɑ:n(英国英語)/

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Taiwan

音節 Tai・wan 発音記号・読み方 /tὰɪwάːn/

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Taiwan

音節Tai･wan発音記号・読み方tàɪwɑ́ːn
名詞

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T'ai-wan

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2025/09/14 15:33 UTC 版)

固有名詞

T'ai-wan

1. Alternative form of Taiwan (island)
   • 1958, “China, Agriculture and Food Supply”, in C. K. Leung, Norton Ginsburg, editors, The Pattern of Asia‎, Edgewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., published 1961, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 177:
   • 1973 February 16 [1972 February], “Shih-chieh Ti-t'u-ts'e (World Atlas) [世界地圖冊]”, in Translations on People's Republic of China‎, number 214, United States Joint Publications Research Service, sourced from Peking, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, Political and Sociological, page 12:
     Taiwan Province is abbreviated "T'ai" [0669]. It is situated in the sea in the southeastern part of the east China area, facing the Pacific Ocean to the east. In includes T'ai-wan Island, the Pescadores, the Tiao-yu Islands, Ch'in-wei Hsu [Islet], P'eng-chia Hsu, Lan Hsu, Huo-shao Island, and other ancillary islands and islets. It covers an area of 36,000 square kilometers, and has a population of 12,040,000. T'ai-wan Island is China's largest island.
2. Alternative form of Taiwan (administrative division)
3. (historical) Alternative form of Taiwan (city of Tainan)
   • 1904, J. J. M. DeGroot, Sectarianism and Religious Persecution in China‎, volume II, Amsterdam: Johannes Müller, pages 343–344:
     Consternation and despair seized the district, and great numbers of sectaries and their families flocked together for the defence of their hearths and homes. Ch'ai Ta-ki abandoned Chang-hwa, and retired into T'ai-wan 臺灣, the chief city of the island....The rapid success of the insurgents was party owing to the circumstance that the Formosa cities in those days were unwalled, and merely surrounded by fences of living bamboo, no masonry being proof against the earthquakes frequently occurring in the island. T'ai-wan, likewise protected by a bamboo fence, was harried both from the north and the south, but successfully defended by Ch'ai Ta-ki...He called back the population, but with these many insurgents swarmed in, surprised the town again on the 10th of the third month (Apr. 27), and drove Hoh Chwang-yiu back to T'ai-wan.
   • 2017, “China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan”, in Julia Chandler, editor, The Colonial and Postcolonial Experience in East and Southeast Asia (The Colonial and Postcolonial Experience)‎, 1st edition, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 73:

参照

1. ^ “Additional Terms”, in Chinese Phrase Book (TM 30-633)‎, Washington, D. C.: United States War Department, 10 December 1943, →OCLC, pages 226, 227, lines 1, 17:
2. ^ Taiwan, (Wade-Giles romanization) T’ai-wan, in Encyclopædia Britannica
3. ^ Brian Hook, editor (1982), “Selected Glossary”, in The Cambridge Encyclopedia of China‎, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 476, 484: “The glossary includes a selection of names and terms from the text in the Wade-Giles transliteration, followed by Pinyin, […] T'ai-wan (Taiwan) 台灣”

Taiwan

出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/02/05 00:01 UTC 版)

別の表記

• Taïwan (from French)
• Tai-wan, T'ai-wan (dated, from Wade-Giles romanization of Mandarin)
• Tywan, Taywan, Tay-wan, Tayuan, Tayoan, Tayouan (obsolete, from Dutch)

語源

The specific form "Taiwan" in English emerged from the Wade–Giles Tʻai²-wan¹ romanization of Mandarin 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān), and also perhaps the romaji of Japanese 臺灣(たいわん) (taiwan), both of which are ultimately from Literary Chinese 臺灣, from Hokkien 大員 (Tāi-oân), 大圓, 臺員, 大灣, 臺灣, and other forms, a placename initially referring to a sandbank peninsula that later silted up; now wholly part of the island in the area of modern-day Anping District, Tainan, and eventually became the name of the entire island. The original placename itself was originally likely the transcription of a loanword from Siraya.

Cognate with Dutch Tayouan / Taioan / Taiwan / etc., and other early variant forms of Hokkien 臺窩灣 / 台窝湾 (Tâi-o-oân), etc.

The name is sometimes folk-etymologized to have originally meant "terraced bay" (臺灣 / 台湾), "great bay" (大灣 / 大湾), or similar parsings from interpretations of the Chinese characters alone.

発音

• (General American) IPA: /ˌtaɪ̯ˈwɑn/
• (General Australian) IPA: /ˌtɑɪ̯ˈwaːn/, /ˌtɑɪ̯ˈwɔn/, /ˌtɑɪ̯ˈwan/
• (英国発音) IPA: /ˌtaɪ̯ˈwɑːn/, /ˌtaɪ̯ˈwæn/, /ˌtaɪ̯ˈwɒn/
• (Philippines) IPA: /ˌt̪aɪ̯ˈwan̪/
• enPR: tī′wän′
• 韻: -ɑːn, -æn, -ɒn
• ハイフネーション: Tai‧wan

固有名詞

Taiwan

1. A partly-recognized country in East Asia consisting of a main island and 167 smaller islands. Official name: Republic of China. Capital: Taipei. [from 20th c.]
   Synonyms: Republic of China, ROC, Chinese Taipei, Formosa; TW, TWN (symbols)
   • 1996 March 15, Leyla Linton, “London students sing their defiance”, in The Times‎, number 65,528, →ISSN, →OCLC, Overseas News, page 14, column 2:
   • 2025 August 29, Fabian Hamacher, Ben Blanchard, quoting Roger Wicker, “Taiwan has right to be free and 'preserve self-determination', senior US senator says”, in Stephen Coates, Frances Kerry, editors, Reuters‎, archived from the original on 29 August 2025:
   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
2. An island between the Taiwan Strait and Philippine Sea in East Asia. [1600s]
   Synonym: Formosa
   • 1888, James Harrison Wilson, chapter III, in China: Travels and Investigations in the "Middle Kingdom": A Study of Its Civilization and Possibilites‎, →OCLC, page 26:
     The Government claims suzerainty over and receives tribute more or less regularly from Corea, and also from Anam, Siam, Burmah, and part of the Loochoo Islands, and it has recently erected the beautiful and extensive Island of Formosa, or Taiwan, hitherto attached to the province of Fo-Kien, into a separate province with its own governor-general who, like those of the other provinces, is appointed directly from Peking.
   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
3. A former administrative division including Taiwan and nearby islands.
   Synonym: Formosa
   1. (historical) A former prefecture of Fujian province in China (Qing Empire) (1683–1885).
      • 1864, Robert Swinhoe, “Notes on the Island of Formosa.”, in The Journal of the Royal Geographic Society of London‎, volume XXXIV, London: John Murray, published 1865, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 6:
        TAIWAN, or Chinese Formosa, is considered a Foo or district of the province of Fokien, and is governed by a Taoutai extraordinary, who, though responsible to the provincial viceroy, possesses the privilege of memorialising the Throne direct. “The district of Taiwan,” says the Chinese Government Chart, of which a copy was supplied to me by the Formosan authorities, “is bounded in the rear by mountains, and in front by the sea. The ancestral hills of Formosa derive their origin from the Woo-hoo-mun (Five Tiger Gate), the entrance to Foochow, whence they glided across the sea. In the ocean towards the east are two places called Tungkwan (Damp Limit) and Pih-mow (White Acre), which mark the spots where the dragons of the Formosan hills emerged. These sacred reptiles had pierced unseen the depths of ocean, and announcing their ascent to the surface by throwing up the bluff at Kelung-head, by a number of violent contortions heaved up the regular series of hills, valleys, and plains that extend north and south in varied undulations for the space of 1000 leagues (applied figuratively). The mountain-peaks are too multitudinous to enumerate, and the geography of the island too comprehensive to take into present consideration ; we will therefore confine ourselves to a few general remarks. In rear of the hills, eastward, flows the ocean ; facing them, to the westward, is the sea ; and between lies the prefecture of Taiwan.”
      • 2016 [2014 April 17], “President Ma Attends "Examining the Diaoyutai/Senkaku Islands Dispute under New and Multiple Perspectives" International Conference”, in Ma Ying-jeou, editor, Chinese (Taiwan) Yearbook of International Law and Affairs‎, volume 32 (2014), Brill Nijhoff, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 281:
      • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
   2. (historical) A former province of China (Qing Empire) (1885–1895).
      • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
   3. (historical) A former dependency of Japan (1895–1945).
      • 1902, “Appendix”, in The Isle of Man, Gibraltar, Malta, St Helena, Barbados, Cyrpus, the Channel Islands, the British Army & Navy (The British Empire Series)‎, volume V, →OCLC, page 649:
      • 1938 July 29, “Amoy is Island Key to South China's Strategic Province”, in The Winchester Star‎, volume LVIII, number 1, Winchester, Mass., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2, column 5:
      • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
   4. (law) A province of the Republic of China (Taiwan) (from 1945).
      • 1946 February 16, “China”, in Foreign Commerce Weekly‎, volume XXII, number 7, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, United States Department of Commerce, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 26, column 2:
      • 1988 January 25, Fay Willey, Carroll Bogert, Dorinda Elliott, David Newell, “End of a Dynasty and an Era”, in Newsweek‎, volume CXI, number 4, →ISSN, →OCLC, International, page 34, column 3:
      • 2000, Chen Shui-Bian, “From Elected Representative to Administrative Chief”, in David J. Toman, transl., The Son of Taiwan: The Life of Chen Shui-Bian and His Dreams for Taiwan‎, Taiwan Publishing Co., Ltd., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 84:
      • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
   5. (law) The territory currently under the de facto jurisdiction of the Republic of China (Taiwan).
      Synonyms: Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu; Taiwan Area; Free Area
   6. (disputed) A claimed province of the People's Republic of China (from 1949). [from mid 20th c.]
      Synonym: Taiwan region
      • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
4. (historical) Synonym of Tainan, a city of Taiwan, former capital of Taiwan Province.
   • 1862 [1859], John E. Ward, “Proclamation of JOHN E. WARD announcing exchange of ratifications of Treaty”, in Treaties between the United States of America and China, Japan Lewchew and Siam, Acts of Congress, and the Attorney-General's Opinion, with the Decrees and Regulations Issued for the Guidance of U.S. Consular Courts in China‎, Hongkong, →OCLC, page 22:
   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.
5. (astronomy) 2169 Taiwan, a main belt asteroid. [from mid 20th c.]
   • 2005, D. Vokrouhlický et al., “Yarkovsky/YORP chronology of asteroid families”, in Icarus‎, volume 182, number 1, published 2006, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 126, column 2:
   • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:Taiwan.

使用する際の注意点

• Taiwan and Taiwanese are both widely used as attributives, e.g. Taiwan culture or Taiwanese culture, the Taiwan government or Taiwanese government, Taiwan food or Taiwanese food, etc.

派生語

• Taiwanese
• Taiwan field mouse
• Taiwan firecrest
• Taiwan flamecrest
• Taiwan pear
• Taiwan Strait
• Taiwan Straits
• Taiwan studies
• West Taiwan

参照

1. ^ Campbell, William (1903), “Explanatory Notes”, in Formosa Under the Dutch: Described from Contemporary Records, with Explanatory Notes and a Bibliography of the Island‎, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd., →ISBN, →LCCN, page 548
2. ^ Mair, V. H. (2010), How to Forget Your Mother Tongue and Remember Your National Language‎
3. ^ T'ai-nan, in Encyclopædia Britannica: "T’ai-nan is one of the oldest urban settlements on the island. The Han Chinese settled there as early as 1590 (some sources say earlier), when it was known as T’ai-yüan (Taiyuan), Ta-yüan (Dayuan), or T’ai-wan (Taiwan)—a name that was later extended to the whole island."

• “Taiwan”, in Collins English Dictionary.
• “Taiwan, T'ai-wan, T'aiwan, Tai-wan”, in Google Books Ngram Viewer.
• “Taiwan, pn.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “Taiwan”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “Taiwan”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “Taiwan”, in TheFreeDictionary.com, Huntingdon Valley, Pa.: Farlex, Inc., 2003–2026

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