保 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: 俣

Stroke order
9 strokes

保 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 人口木 (ORD), four-corner 26294, composition ⿰亻呆)

Additional Derived Characters

trad. 保
simp. # 保
alternative forms 𠈃𠊻𠌀𠍂𰠀𠈃𠊻𠌀𠍂𰠀㙅𤞥𠦀𠫡𡥀𣎼𤔍葆
Historical forms of the character 保
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
Oracle bone scriptj18772j18773j18774j18775j18776j18777j18778j18779j18780j18781j18782j18783j18784j18785j18786j18787j18788j18789j18790j18791j18792j18793j18794j18795**Bronze inscriptionsb12171b12172b12173b12174b12175b12176b12177b12178b12179b12180b12181b12182b12183b12184b12185b12186b12187b12188b12189b12191b12192b12193b12194b12195b12196b12197b12198b12199b12200b12201b12202b12203b12204b12205b12206b12207b12208b12209b12210b12211b12212b12213b12214b12215b12216b12217b12218b12219b12220b12221b12222b12223b12224b12225b12226b12227b12228b12229b12230b12231b12232b12233b12234b12235b12236b12237b12238b12239b12240b12241Small seal scripts05653s05654s05655Transcribed ancient scripts**L34905L34906L34907L34908L34909L16820L16821L16822L16823L16824L16825L16826L16827L16828L16829L16830L16831L16832L16833
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | -------------------------- | | 襃 | *puː, *puː | | 保 | *puːʔ | | 堡 | *puːʔ | | 褓 | *puːʔ | | 堢 | *puːʔ | | 緥 | *puːʔ | | 葆 | *puːʔ | | 賲 | *puːʔ | | 宲 | *puːʔ | | 椺 | *ɦmluːʔ, *ɢʷeːɡs, *ɢeːɡ |

In the oracle script, this character was an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 人 (“person”) + 子 (“child”) – a person carrying a child on his back; to carry (a child) > to protect. See also 好.

In early bronze inscriptions, 爪 (“hand”) was added to the person to emphasize that the person was carrying the child. This was later simplified into one or two strokes. The current form has two.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *puʔ (“to carry (on back or shoulders)”). Cognate with 抱 (OC *buːʔ, “to heft, hug”); see there for more (STEDT).

Note:

Note:

Note:

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 保
Reading # 1/1
ModernBeijing(Pinyin) bǎo
MiddleChinese ‹ pawX ›
OldChinese /*pˁuʔ/
English protect
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 保
Reading # 1/1
No. 318
Phoneticcomponent 保
Rimegroup 幽
Rimesubdivision 1
CorrespondingMC rime 寶
OldChinese /*puːʔ/

保

  1. to raise; to rear
  2. to keep; to maintain
  3. to protect; to safeguard; to defend
    你要保大還是保小？ [MSC, _trad._]
    你要保大还是保小？ [MSC, _simp._]
    Nǐ yào bǎo dà háishì bǎo xiǎo? [Pinyin]
    Do you want to save the mother (“the big one”) or the baby (“the small one”)? (a common line in obstetrics-themed dramas)
  4. to ensure; to guarantee
  5. guarantor
  6. short for 保釋／保释 (bǎoshì, “to bail”)
  7. (historical) an ancient Chinese administrative unit, consisting of 100 households
  8. a surname, Bao

保

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. protection
  2. guarantee

保(たもつ) • (Tamotsu)

  1. a male given name

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

保 (eumhun 지킬 보 (jikil bo))

  1. hanja form? of 보 (“protection”)
  2. hanja form? of 보 (“guarantee”)

保 (bau)

  1. Nôm form of bau (“beautiful”).
    百景眉每式花保
    Pác cảnh mì mọi thức hoa bau
    A hundred different sceneries with all kinds of beautiful flowers
  2. Nôm form of bau (“fast”).
    馬𨃅否保否𲋄流爲痚
    Mạ phjải bấu bau, bấu phong lưu vì héo
    The horse doesn't run fast or nobly beautiful it's skinny

保 (bấu)

  1. Nôm form of bấu (“not”).
    保聀塘𫠯𪫆宮閣
    Bấu chắc tàng lồng mừa cung các
    I do not know the way back to the palace

保: Hán Việt readings: bảo[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], bàu[5][7], bửu[3], bau[6]
保: Nôm readings: bảo[1][2][5][6][7], bầu[1][2][3][4], biểu[6][7], báo[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of bảo (“(in compounds) to safeguard; to protect”)

  2. chữ Nôm form of bảo (“to inform; to command by telling”)

    • Phật thuyết đại báo phụ mẫu ân trọng kinh (佛說大報父母恩重經), 12th century, folio 29a
      孛保阿難：「㝵庄討，身𱖨命穷，莎共地獄無間。」
      Bụt bảo A Nan: "Người chẳng thảo, thân hoại mệnh cùng, sa trong địa ngục vô gian."
      The Buddha told Ananda, "[If] a person is not filial, [when his] body decays [and his] life ends, [he will] fall into the endless hell."

  3. chữ Nôm form of bầu (“to vote; to elect”)

  4. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).

  5. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

  6. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).

  7. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hồ (1976).

  8. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Bonet (1899).

  9. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Génibrel (1898).

  10. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).