毒 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Traditional 毒
Simplified 毒
Japanese 毒
Korean 毒

毒 (Kangxi radical 80, 毋+4, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese and Japanese, 9 strokes in simplified Chinese, cangjie input 手一田卜戈 (QMWYI), four-corner 50507, composition ⿱龶母(GKV) or ⿱龶毋(HTJ))

| | Old Chinese | | | -------------------------------- | --------------------- | | 瑇 | *dɯːɡs, *duːɡ | | 纛 | *duːɡs, *duːɡ | | 碡 | *doːɡ, *duːɡ, *duɡ | | 毒 | *l'uːɡ | | 蝳 | *duːɡ |

Pictogram (象形) - a woman wearing a feathered ornament - original form of 纛 (OC *duːɡs, *duːɡ). If this is the correct interpretation, see also 每.

Alternatively, Li Xueqin (2012) proposes it is a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l'uːɡ): semantic 屮 (“vegetation”) + phonetic 毐 (OC *ʔmɯː, *ʔmɯːʔ), meaning "a type of poisonous plant."

“poison”

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *duk ~ tuk (“poison; to poison”). Cognate with Tibetan དུག (dug, “poison; toxin”), གདུག (gdug), གདུག་པ (gdug pa, “vicious; evil; poisonous”), Burmese တောက် (tauk, “to suffer from toxicity; to be ill; to be poisonous”).

“to poison” (Pronunciation 2)

A departing tone variant, meaning “to poison”, is preserved in southern varieties, including Cantonese, Hakka, Min, southern Gan, and southern Wu. It is derived from the sense “poison” with the *–s suffix in Old Chinese.

“nerdy”

Derived from 毒撚.

trad. 毒
simp. # 毒
alternative forms 𭖪𡴛𡹆𥲮𦸕𭖪𡴛𡹆𥲮𦸕𫦚𧉉𤯟

Note: duk1 - only used in the phonetic transcription 身毒 (“India”).

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Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 毒
Reading # 1/2
ModernBeijing(Pinyin) dú
MiddleChinese ‹ dowk ›
OldChinese /*[d]ˁuk/
English poison (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 毒
Reading # 1/1
No. 2486
Phoneticcomponent 毒
Rimegroup 覺
Rimesubdivision 1
CorrespondingMC rime 毒
OldChinese /*l'uːɡ/

毒

  1. poison; toxin; venom; bane
    有毒 ― yǒudú ― poisonous
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) calamity; disaster; trouble
  3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) pain; suffering
  4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) crime; evil
  5. to poison; to administer poison to
    毒死蟑螂 ― dúsǐ zhāngláng ― to kill cockroaches with poison
  6. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to harm; to injure
  7. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to hate; to resent
  8. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 督 (dū, “to manage; to govern”)
  9. poisonous; noxious
    毒蛇 ― dúshé ― venomous snake
    毒氣／毒气 ― dúqì ― poisonous gas
  10. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) heavy; thick
  11. (figurative) pernicious influence; harmful influence
    餘毒／余毒 ― yúdú ― residual poison
  12. severe; fierce; violent
    外面的太陽很毒。 [MSC, _trad._]
    外面的太阳很毒。 [MSC, _simp._]
    Wàimiàn de tàiyáng hěn dú. [Pinyin]
    The sun outside is very fierce.
  13. malicious; cruel; sinister
    他的心腸真毒！／他的心肠真毒！ ― Tā de xīncháng zhēn dú! ― How cruel is he!
  14. (literary, or in compounds) narcotics; narcotic drugs
    吸毒 ― xīdú ― to take drugs (of illicit or recreational nature)
    販毒／贩毒 ― fàndú ― to traffic in narcotics
  15. (Hong Kong Cantonese) nerdy

Others:

trad. 毒
simp. # 毒
alternative forms 杜 Cantonese餖／饾 Hakka透 Eastern Min
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 毒
Reading # 2/2
ModernBeijing(Pinyin) dú
MiddleChinese ‹ dowk ›
OldChinese /*m-[d]ˁuk-s/
English to poison (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

毒

  1. (Cantonese, Hakka, Min, Wenzhounese, colloquial) to poison; to administer poison to
trad. 毒
simp. # 毒
alternative forms 𭖪

毒

  1. Used in 毒冒, which is an alternative form of 玳瑁 (dàimào)
trad. 毒
simp. # 毒
alternative forms 踱喥

毒

  1. (Northern Wu) Alternative form of 踱 (8doq, “dumb,dull”)

毒

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. poison
Kanji in this term
毒
どくGrade: 5
on'yomi

毒(どく) • (doku)

  1. poison, toxin

  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Wikisource

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

毒 (eumhun 독 독 (dok dok))

  1. hanja form? of 독 (“poison”)

毒 (eumhun 거북 대 (geobuk dae))

  1. Alternative form of 玳 (“hanja form? of 대 (“turtle”)”)
  2. Alternative form of 瑇 (“hanja form? of 대 (“turtle”)”)

毒: Hán Nôm readings: độc, nọc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{[rfdef](/wiki/Template:rfdef#top "Template:rfdef")}}.

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