cabbage - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
A cabbage field in Lancashire
- (Received Pronunciation, General American, Canada, General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈkæb.ɪd͡ʒ/
- (New Zealand) IPA(key): /ˈkɛb.əd͡ʒ/
- Homophones: CABG (one pronunciation)
- Hyphenation: cab‧bage
- Rhymes: -æbɪdʒ
From Middle English caboche, cabage (“cabbage”; “a certain fish”), a borrowing from Anglo-Norman[1][2] caboche (“head”), a northern variant of caboce,[3] of uncertain origin. Some authorities derive it from Latin caput (“head”),[2] others from ca- (said to be an expressive prefix) + boce (“hump; bump”) (whence English boss).[1][4]
A head of cabbage.
cabbage (countable and uncountable, plural cabbages)
- An edible plant (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) having a head of green leaves.
- 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 53:
In aphrodisiac preparation, wild cabbage was frequently an ingredient.
- (by extension) Any of various cultivars of the species Brassica oleracea.
- 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 53:
- (uncountable, vegetable) The leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable.
Cabbage is good for you. - (countable, offensive) A person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage.
After the car crash, he became a cabbage. - Used as a term of endearment.
- 2009, Tom Stoppard, Helen Rappaport, The Cherry Orchard, translation of Вишнëвый сад ("Vishniovy sad") by Anton Chekhov, published 1904, page 31:
If you deceive me, Yasha, I don't know if my nerves could stand it. YASHA (kissing her) My little cabbage! Of course, a girl must know her place.
- 2009, Tom Stoppard, Helen Rappaport, The Cherry Orchard, translation of Вишнëвый сад ("Vishniovy sad") by Anton Chekhov, published 1904, page 31:
- (uncountable, slang) Money.
- (uncountable, slang) Marijuana leaf, the part that is not smoked but from which cannabutter can be extracted.
- A terminal bud of certain palm trees, used for food.
- A cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto), a palm of the southeastern US coasts and nearby islands.
- (slang, African-American Vernacular) A human head.
- 2024, “Cult Status”, performed by JPEGMAFIA:
American made choppas / You beefin', we split ya cabbage
- 2024, “Cult Status”, performed by JPEGMAFIA:
(plant): cabbage plant, cole
(person with severely reduced mental capacities due to brain damage): vegetable
Sranan Tongo: kabisi
→ Abenaki: kabij
→ Swahili: kabichi
→ Yoruba: kábéèjì
specific cultivar
- Arabic: مَلْفُوف m (malfūf), كُرُنْب m (kurunb)
Egyptian Arabic: كرنب m pl (kurumb)
Gulf Arabic: مَلْفُوف (malfūf)
Hijazi Arabic: كُرُنْب m pl (kurunb)
Moroccan Arabic: مكور (mkawwar)
North Levantine Arabic: مَلْفُوف (malfūf)
South Levantine Arabic: مَلْفُوف (malfūf) - Basque: aza
- Bikol:
Central Bikol: repolyo (bcl) - Burmese: ဂေါ်ဖီထုပ် (my) (gauhpihtup)
- Chinese:
Cantonese: 椰菜 (je4 coi3)
Dungan: лянхуабый (li͡anhuabɨy)
Hokkien: 高麗菜 / 高丽菜 (ko-lê-chhài)
Mandarin: 捲心菜 / 卷心菜 (zh) (juǎnxīncài), 高麗菜 / 高丽菜 (zh) (gāolícài), 洋白菜 (zh) (yángbáicài), 包心菜 (zh) (bāoxīncài), 結球甘藍 / 结球甘蓝 (zh) (jiéqiú gānlán), 疙瘩白 (gēdabái), 包菜 (zh) (bāocài), 圓白菜 / 圆白菜 (zh) (yuánbáicài), 蓮花白 / 莲花白 (zh) (liánhuābái)
Wu: 捲心菜 / 卷心菜 (5cioe-shin1-tshe5) - Finnish: keräkaali (fi), kaali (fi)
- Galician: repolo (gl) m
- German: Kopfkohl m
- Greek: λάχανο (el) n (láchano)
- Hindi: पत्ता गोभी (hi) f (pattā gobhī), बंद गोभी f (band gobhī)
- Ingrian: keräkapusta
- Italian: cavolo cappuccio m
- Japanese: キャベツ (ja) (kyabetsu)
- Kazakh: орамжапырақ (oramjapyraq)
- Korean: 양배추(洋白菜) (ko) (yangbaechu)
- Maltese: kaboċċa f
- Māori: kāpeti, nīko
- Norwegian:
Bokmål: hodekål - Polish: kapusta (pl) f
- Portuguese: repolho (pt)
- Russian: коча́нная капу́ста (ru) f (kočánnaja kapústa)
- Spanish: repollo (es) m
- Swedish: huvudkål (sv) c
- Tagalog: repolyo
- Thai: กะหล่ำปลี (th) (gà-làm-bplii), กะหล่ำใบ
- Translingual: Brassica oleracea var. capitata
- Turkish: başlahana (tr)
Ottoman Turkish: لحنه (lahana) - Urdu: بَنْد گوبھی f (band gobhī), پَتَّہ گوبھی f (patta gobhī)
- Vietnamese: cải bắp
- Welsh: bresych (cy) f
- Yoruba: kábéèjì
any of various cultivars
- Afrikaans: kool (af)
- Armenian: կաղամբ (hy) (kaġamb)
- Bashkir: кәбеҫтә (kəbeśtə)
- Belarusian: капу́ста f (kapústa)
- Catalan: col (ca) f
- Chukchi: юӈэв (juṇėv)
- Chuvash: купӑста (kup̬ăsta)
- Crimean Tatar: qapısta
- Danish: kål (da) c
- Dutch: kool (nl) m
- Esperanto: brasiko (eo)
- Estonian: kapsas (et)
- Faroese: kál n
- Finnish: kaali (fi), vihanneskaali (fi)
- French: chou (fr) m
- Frisian:
Saterland Frisian: Kool - Galician: col (gl) f, verza (gl) f
- Georgian: კომბოსტო (ka) (ḳombosṭo)
- German: Kohl (de) m
Central Franconian: Kappes - Greek: κράμβη (el) f (krámvi)
Ancient Greek: κράμβη f (krámbē) - Haitian Creole: chou
- Hungarian: káposzta (hu)
- Icelandic: kál (is) n
- Indonesian: kubis (id)
- Ingrian: kapusta
- Italian: cavolo (it) m
- Kashubian: kapùsta f
- Latin: brassica (la) f
- Latvian: kāposti m pl
- Lithuanian: kopūstas m
- Low German: Kool m
- Malay: kubis (ms)
- Māori: nīko, kāpeti
- Norwegian:
Bokmål: kål (no) m - Old East Slavic: капуста f (kapusta)
- Plautdietsch: Komst f
- Polabian: kol m
- Polish: kapusta (pl) f
- Portuguese: couve (pt)
- Romanian: varză (ro) f
- Russian: капу́ста (ru) f (kapústa)
- Scottish Gaelic: càl m
- Silesian: kapusta f
- Slovak: kapusta (sk) f
- Spanish: col (es) f, berza (es) f
- Swedish: kål (sv) c
- Tatar: кәбестә (tt) (käbestä)
- Tày: phjắc cát
- Turkish: lahana (tr)
Ottoman Turkish: لحنه (lahana) - Ukrainian: капу́ста f (kapústa)
- Yiddish: קרויט n (kroyt)
leaves of this plant eaten as a vegetable
- Albanian: lakër (sq) m
- Altai:
Southern Altai: капуста (kapusta), кабыста (kabïsta) - Apache:
Western Apache: itʼąąʼłibaahí - Arabic: مَلْفُوف m (malfūf), كُرُنْب m (kurunb)
Egyptian Arabic: كرنب m pl (kurumb)
Gulf Arabic: مَلْفُوف (malfūf)
Hijazi Arabic: كُرُنْب m pl (kurunb)
Moroccan Arabic: مكور (mkawwar)
North Levantine Arabic: مَلْفُوف (malfūf)
South Levantine Arabic: مَلْفُوف (malfūf) - Armenian: կաղամբ (hy) (kaġamb)
- Bashkir: кәбеҫтә (kəbeśtə)
- Belarusian: капу́ста f (kapústa)
- Bikol:
Central Bikol: repolyo (bcl) - Bulgarian: зе́ле (bg) n (zéle)
- Cherokee: ᏧᏆᏅᏕᎾ (tsuquanvdena), ᏧᎦᎾᏕᎾ (tsuganadena)
- Chinese:
Mandarin: 捲心菜 / 卷心菜 (zh) (juǎnxīncài) - Cornish: kowlen f, kavach m
- Czech: zelí (cs) n
- Danish: kål (da) c
- Dutch: kool (nl) m
- Elfdalian: ką̊l
- Esperanto: brasiko (eo)
- Estonian: kapsas (et)
- Faroese: kál n
- Finnish: kaali (fi)
- French: chou (fr) m
- Galician: verza (gl) f
- Georgian: კომბოსტო (ka) (ḳombosṭo)
- German: Kohl (de) m
Central Franconian: Kappes - Greek: λάχανο (el) n (láchano)
Ancient Greek: κράμβη f (krámbē) - Greenlandic: qunguleq
- Haitian Creole: chou
- Hawaiian: kāpiki
- Hebrew: כְּרוּב (he) m (kruv)
- Hindi: गोभी (hi) f (gobhī), पत्ता गोभी (hi) f (pattā gobhī), बंद गोभी f (band gobhī), कोबी (hi) f (kobī) (obsolete), करमकल्ला (hi) m (karamkallā)
- Hungarian: káposzta (hu)
- Icelandic: hvítkál (is) n
- Indonesian: kubis (id), kol (id)
- Irish: cabáiste m, cál m
- Italian: cavolo (it) m
- Japanese: キャベツ (ja) (kyabetsu), 甘藍 (ja) (かんらん, kanran), 玉菜 (ja) (たまな, tamana)
- Kannada: ಎಲೆಕೋಸು (kn) (elekōsu)
- Khmer: ស្ពៃ (km) (spɨy)
- Korean: 양배추(洋白菜) (ko) (yangbaechu)
- Latin: brassica (la) f
- Luxembourgish: Kabes m
- Macedonian: зелка f (zelka)
- Malay: kubis (ms)
- Malayalam: കാബേജ് (ml) (kābējŭ), മുട്ടക്കോസ് (ml) (muṭṭakkōsŭ)
- Maltese: werqa tal-kaboċċa f
- Māori: nīko, kāpeti
- Miyako: 玉菜 (たまなー, tamanā)
- Navajo: chʼil łighai
- Nepali: गोभी (ne) (gobhī), बन्दगोभी (bandagobhī)
- Norman: caboche f
- Norwegian:
Bokmål: kål (no) m
Nynorsk: kål - Okinawan: 玉菜 (たまなー, tamanā)
- Old English: cāwel m
- Oromo: raafuu
- Pannonian Rusyn: капуста f (kapusta)
- Persian:
Iranian Persian: کَلَم (kalam) - Plautdietsch: Komst m
- Polish: kapusta (pl) f
- Portuguese: repolho (pt) m
- Punjabi:
Gurmukhi: ਬੰਦ ਗੋਭੀ f (band gobhī) - Romanian: varză (ro) f
- Romansh: giabus m
- Russian: капу́ста (ru) f (kapústa)
- Sardinian: càule m
- Scottish Gaelic: càl m
- Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ку̀пус m, зе̑ље n
Latin: kùpus (sh) m, zȇlje (sh) n - Slovak: kapusta (sk) f
- Slovene: zelje (sl) n
- Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: kał m - Spanish: col (es) f, repollo (es) m, berza (es) f
- Swedish: vitkål (sv) c
- Tatar: кәбестә (tt) (käbestä)
- Thai: ใบกะหล่ำ (bai gà-làm)
- Turkish: lahana (tr)
Ottoman Turkish: لحنه (lahana) - Ukrainian: капу́ста f (kapústa)
- Urdu: گوبھی f (gobhī), بَنْد گوبھی f (band gobhī), پَتَّہ گوبھی f (patta gobhī), کَرَم کَلّا m (karam kallā)
- Volapük: brasid (vo)
- Welsh: bresychen (cy) f, bresych (cy) f pl
- Wolof: suppome
- Yiddish: קרויט n (kroyt)
- Yoron: 甘藍 (かんだん, kandan)
- Yoruba: kábéèjì
money
- Bulgarian: кни́жни пари́ pl (knížni parí)
- Chinese:
Mandarin: 錢 / 钱 (zh) (qián) - Finnish: hillo (fi)
- Polish: kapusta (pl) f, kapucha (pl) f, sałata (pl) f
- Russian: капу́ста (ru) f (kapústa)
- Spanish: pasta (es) f
Translations to be checked: "plant"
- Albanian: lakër (sq) f
- Amharic: ጎመን (gomän)
- Aramaic:
Classical Syriac: ܟܪܒܐ m (krāvā) - Aromanian: verdzu, cucean
- Assamese: বন্ধাকবি (bondhakobi)
- Asturian: repollu (ast) m
- Azerbaijani: kələm (az)
- Bengali: বাঁধাকপি (bn) (bãdhakpi), কপি (bn) (kopi)
- Bhojpuri: गोभी (gōbhī)
- Bulgarian: зе́ле (bg) n (zéle)
- Cherokee: ᏧᏆᏅᏕᎾ (tsuquanvdena), ᏧᎦᎾᏕᎾ (tsuganadena)
- Cheyenne: vóhpó'ėstse
- Cornish: kowlen f, kavach m
- Czech: zelí (cs) n
- Dhivehi: ކެބެޖް (kebej)
- Friulian: cauli, brocul, verge f, verze f
- Georgian: ხვიტი (xviṭi), კეჟერა (ḳežera)
Old Georgian: კალნაბი (ḳalnabi) - Hebrew: כְּרוּב (he) m (kruv)
- Hindi: गोभी (hi) f (gobhī), कोबी (hi) f (kobī) (obsolete), करमकल्ला (hi) m (karamkallā)
- Ido: kaulo (io)
- Indonesian: kol (id)
- Irish: cabáiste m, cál m
- Japanese: 甘藍 (ja) (かんらん, kanran), 玉菜 (ja) (たまな, tamana)
- Kannada: ಎಲೆಕೋಸು (kn) (elekōsu)
- Kazakh: қырыққабат (qyryqqabat), орамжапырақ (oramjapyraq), капуста (kapusta)
- Khmer: ស្ពៃក្ដោប (spɨy kdaop), ស្ពៃ (km) (spɨy)
- Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: کەلەرم (kelerm)
Northern Kurdish: kebic, kelem (ku) - Kyrgyz: керем (ky) (kerem)
- Lao: ກາດຫໍ່ (kāt hǭ), ກະລຳປີ (ka lam pī)
- Lezgi: келем (kelem)
- Lü: ᦕᧅᦂᦱᧆᦠᦸᧈ (ṗhakk̇aadḣoa¹)
- Luganda: emboga
- Macedonian: зелка f (zelka)
- Malagasy: salady (mg)
- Malay:
Brunei Malay: kubis - Malayalam: കാബേജ് (ml) (kābējŭ), മുട്ടക്കോസ് (ml) (muṭṭakkōsŭ)
- Manipuri: ꯀꯣꯕꯤ (mni) (kobi)
- Māori: puka (mi), kāpiti, nīko
- Marathi: कोबी m (kobī)
- Miyako: 玉菜 (たまなー, tamanā)
- Mongolian:
Cyrillic: байцаа (mn) (bajcaa)
Mongolian script: ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠢ (baičai), ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠ (bögerengkei čaɣan noɣog-a) - Navajo: chʼil łigaii, atʼééké bijish
- Nepali: गोभी (ne) (gobhī), बन्दगोभी (bandagobhī)
- Norman: caboche f
- Occitan: caulet (oc) m, caul (oc) m, chaul (oc) m
- Okinawan: 玉菜 (たまなー, tamanā)
- Old English: cāwel m
- Oromo: raafuu
- Persian:
Dari: کَلَم (kalam)
Iranian Persian: کَلَم (kalam) - Punjabi:
Gurmukhi: ਬੰਦ ਗੋਭੀ f (band gobhī), ਗੋਭੀ (pa) f (gobhī) - Romansh: giabus m, gibus m, gibo m, baguos m, tiasta f, cavazza f
- Rwanda-Rundi: ishu
- Sardinian: càule m
- Scots: cabbitch, kail
- Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: ку̀пус m, зе̑ље n
Latin: kùpus (sh) m, zȇlje (sh) n - Sicilian: cavulu (scn), càvulu (scn), caulu (scn), càulu (scn)
- Sinhalese: ගෝවා (si) (gōwā)
- Slovene: zelje (sl) n
- Somali: sallar
- Sotho: khabetjhe (st)
- Swahili: kabeji (sw) class 9/10, kabichi (sw) class 9/10
- Tajik: карам (tg) (karam)
- Taos: kùliʼína
- Tigrinya: ካውሎ (kawlo)
- Turkish: dürme (tr), kelem (tr), lahana (tr),
- Turkmen: kellem, kelem
- Urdu: گوبھی f (gobhī)
- Uyghur: كاپۇستا (kapusta)
- Uzbek: karam (uz), kapusta
- Venetan: càvol, càorlo, càoło
- Volapük: brasid (vo)
- Yoron: 甘藍 (かんだん, kandan)
- Zhuang: byaekgienjsim, byaeklup
cabbage (third-person singular simple present cabbages, present participle cabbaging, simple past and past participle cabbaged)
- (intransitive) To form a head like that of the cabbage.
to make lettuce cabbage - (intransitive, slang) To do nothing; to idle; veg out.
- 2006, Steve Mckevitt, Why the World Is Full of Useless Things, page 38:
How effective the project was is a moot point, because there were never any studies carried out to see whether children benefited from cabbaging in front of the TV rather than interacting with a teacher.
- 2006, Steve Mckevitt, Why the World Is Full of Useless Things, page 38:
- (slang, African-American Vernacular) To be killed or murdered, such as by being shot in the head.
- brassica
- broccoflower
- broccoli
- broccolini
- Brussels sprouts
- cabbage tree
- carbage
- cauliflower
- Chinese cabbage
- Chinese broccoli, Chinese kale
- collard greens
- kale
- kohlrabi
- sauerkraut
- red cabbage
Unclear. Perhaps from Dutch *kabbassen, from Old French cabasser (“put into a basket”), from cabas.[5] Alternatively, perhaps from an earlier word *carbage (“shred”), a potential variant of *garbage (“wheat straw”).[1]
cabbage (uncountable)
- (slang) Scraps of cloth which are left after a garment has been cut out, which tailors traditionally kept.
cabbage (third-person singular simple present cabbages, present participle cabbaging, simple past and past participle cabbaged)
(transitive) To embezzle or purloin; to pilfer, to steal.
- 1733, Humphry Polesworth [pseudonym; John Arbuthnot], Alexander Pope, compiler, “Law is a Bottomless Pit. Or, The History of John Bull. […]. [The First Part.] Chapter X. Of John Bull’s Second Wife, and the Good Advice that She Gave Him.”, in Miscellanies, 2nd edition, volume II, London: […] Benjamin Motte, […], →OCLC, page 30:
[Y]our Butler purloins your Liquor, and your Brevver ſells your Hogvvaſh; […] your Taylor, inſtead of Shreds, cabages vvhole Yards of Cloth; […] - 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VIII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
We toted in the wood and got the fire going nice and comfortable. Lord James still set in one of the chairs and Applegate had cabbaged the other and was hugging the stove.
- 1733, Humphry Polesworth [pseudonym; John Arbuthnot], Alexander Pope, compiler, “Law is a Bottomless Pit. Or, The History of John Bull. […]. [The First Part.] Chapter X. Of John Bull’s Second Wife, and the Good Advice that She Gave Him.”, in Miscellanies, 2nd edition, volume II, London: […] Benjamin Motte, […], →OCLC, page 30:
↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “cabbage”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
↑ 2.0 2.1 “cabbage”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
^ “caboche, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
^ Etymology and history of “caboche”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
^ William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “cabbage”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.