ablaut - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep

Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó

Proto-Germanic *ab

Old High German ab

Middle High German ab

German ab

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-West Germanic *hlūd

Old High German lūt

Middle High German lūt

English ablaut

Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”).[1] Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).

Examples
get → got sing → song hang → hung

ablaut (countable and uncountable, plural ablauts)

  1. (phonology) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel. [Mid 19th century.][2]
    Synonym: alternation
    Hypernyms: gradation, apophony
    • 1920, Arthur Quiller-Couch, On The Art of Reading‎[1]:
      I declare to you that Literature was not written for schoolmasters, nor for schoolmistresses. I would not exchange it for a wilderness of schoolmasters. It should be delivered from them, who, with their silly Ablauts and ‘tendencies,’ can themselves neither read nor write.

substitution of one root vowel for another

Translations to be checked

ablaut (third-person singular simple present ablauts, present participle ablauting, simple past and past participle ablauted)

  1. (intransitive, linguistics, of a vowel-containing linguistic component) To undergo a change of vowel.
    • 1983, Stephanie W. Jamison, Function and Form in the -áya-formations of the Rig Veda and ...‎[2], page 209:
      This root must once have ablauted, given the associated nominal derivatives prthii- 'broad', prthivl- 'earth'. However, it does not ablaut at all in its verbal forms.
    • 1985, Michael E. Krauss, Yupik Eskimo prosodic systems: descriptive and comparative studies‎[3], page 241:
      What we find is that one cannot predict which members of V a given member of E will cause to ablaut
    • 2006, Felix K. Ameka, Alan Charles Dench, Nicholas Evans, Catching language: the standing challenge of grammar writing‎[4], page 536:
      It is these co-opted verbs that tend to ablaut variably in the different Dakotan dialects and that forced morphological restructuring
    • 2012, Bernard Comrie, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas: A Typological Overview‎[5], page 219:
      This allomorph also causes the back vowel to ablaut to a low vowel.
  2. (transitive, linguistics) To cause to change a vowel.
  1. ^ Morris, William, editor (1969), The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, NY: American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., published 1971, →ISBN, page 3
  2. ^ Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “ablaut”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 5.

From Dutch ablaut, borrowed from German Ablaut, from ab- +‎ Laut.

ablaut (plural ablaute)

  1. (linguistics) ablaut

From German Ablaut.

ablaut

  1. (linguistics) ablaut

Borrowed from German Ablaut (“ablaut”).[1]

ablaut (plural ablautok)

  1. (phonology) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
    Synonyms: apofónia, tőhangváltás, tőhangváltozás, tőhangzóváltás, tőhangzóváltozás

  2. ^ István Tótfalusi (2005), Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára [A Storehouse of Foreign Words: An Explanatory and Etymological Dictionary of Foreign Words], Budapest: Tinta, →ISBN

  3. ^ Krisztina Laczkó, Attila Mártonfi (2006), Helyesírás [Orthography], Budapest: Osiris Kiadó, →ISBN, page 426

Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”).

ablaut

  1. ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)

Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep

Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó

Proto-Germanic *ab

Old High German ab

Middle High German ab

German ab

Proto-Indo-European *-tós

Proto-West Germanic *hlūd

Old High German lūt

Middle High German lūt

Portuguese ablaut

From German Ablaut.

ablaut m (plural ablauts)

  1. (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)

Borrowed from German Ablaut.

ablaut n (plural ablauturi)

  1. ablaut
    Synonym: apofonie

Borrowed from German Ablaut.

àblaut m inan (Cyrillic spelling а̀блаут)

  1. (linguistics) ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another)
    Synonyms: prévoj, prijévoj