kana - Wiktionary, the free dictionary (original) (raw)

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Borrowed from Japanese 仮名(かな) (kana, “phonetic character”, literally “borrowed character”, from the way that kana were originally Chinese characters "borrowed" for their phonetic values).

kana (plural **kana or kanas)

  1. The hiragana and katakana syllabaries. These are made up of characters that represent individual syllables, which are used to write Japanese words and particles. Kana are derived from kanji.
  2. A hiragana or katakana character.

Japanese syllabaries

kana (invariable)

  1. (Singapore, Singlish) Alternative form of kena.

From Proto-Cariban *kana (“fish”).

kana

  1. fish

kana (Bengali script কানা)

  1. blind person

Borrowed from Old Javanese kana (“bangle, bracelet”).

kana (Balinese script ᬓᬦ)

  1. bracelet

From Sanskrit कना (kanā, “girl”).

kana (Balinese script ᬓᬦᬵ)

  1. girl

kana

  1. to decide

kana

  1. I

Other scripts

Latin kana
Ge'ez ካና (kana)

kana (plural kan)

  1. tree

From Middle Breton canaff, from Proto-Brythonic *kėnɨd (compare Welsh canu), from Proto-Celtic *kaneti (“to sing”) (compare Irish canadh), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-.

kana

  1. to sing

Initial "ka-" is shared with other demonstratives kari (“this”), kani (“this”) and kadto (“that”). Related to dinha (“there”), nganha (“hither”), anaa (“there be”), and anha (“to go”), in a similar pattern with other Cebuano demonstrative pronouns. Compare Hiligaynon ina, Tagalog iyan.

IPA(key): /kaˈnaʔ/ [kɐˈn̪aʔ]

kanâ

  1. that (near the listener)

kana

  1. (possessive subject marker) those

From Middle Cornish cane, from Proto-Brythonic *kėnɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaneti, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n-. Cognate with Breton kana, Irish and Scottish Gaelic can, and Welsh canu.

kana

  1. to sing

Mutation of kana

radical soft aspirate hard mixed
kana gana hana unchanged unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Cornish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

kana

  1. masculine singular present transgressive of kanout

Kana

From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. Cognates include Finnish kana.

kana (genitive **kana, partitive **kana)

  1. chicken
    kana hakklihachicken minced meat
  2. (specifically) hen
Declension of kana (ÕS type 17u/sõna, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kana kanad
accusative nom.
gen. kana
genitive kanade
partitive kana kanukanasid
illative kannakanasse kanadessekanusse
inessive kanas kanadeskanus
elative kanast kanadestkanust
allative kanale kanadelekanule
adessive kanal kanadelkanul
ablative kanalt kanadeltkanult
translative kanaks kanadekskanuks
terminative kanani kanadeni
essive kanana kanadena
abessive kanata kanadeta
comitative kanaga kanadega

From Proto-Central-Pacific *kani, from Proto-Oceanic *kani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.

kana

  1. to eat (consume)

kana

  1. meal

From Proto-Finnic *kana (compare Estonian kana), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hanô (“rooster, cock”) (compare German Hahn).[1]

kana

  1. chicken (domestic fowl of species Gallus gallus, Gallus domesticus)
    Synonym: (informal) kaakattaja
    Hyponym: siipikarja
    kanalintugallinaceous bird
    1. chicken (meat from this bird eaten as food)
      Synonym: kananliha
  2. hen (female chicken)
    Coordinate term: kukko
  3. hen (female of other bird species, particularly a sexually mature female fowl)
  4. (derogatory) An unintelligent, talkative woman.
    Synonym: kanamainen nainen
  5. (archaic, poetic) woman, sweetheart
    Synonyms: kulta, rakastajatar, vaimo, nainen
    • 1835, Elias Lönnrot, Kalevala:
      Sanoi Pohjolan emäntä, itse lausui, noin nimesi:/ Kummallenp’ on mielit mennä, kun tulevat tahtomahan/ ikuiseksi ystäväksi, kainaloiseksi kanaksi?
      Said the mistress of Pohjola, stated herself, thus worded:/ To which one do you want to go, when they come to woo you/ to be their eternal friend, a chicken under their arm?

The word kana usually refers to a mature bird. The Finnish translation for "chicken" in the sense "young hen" is kananpoika or broileri.

  1. ^ Santeri Junttila, Petri Kallio, Sampsa Holopainen, Juha Kuokkala, Juho Pystynen, editors (2020–), “kana”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja‎[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 1 January 2024

Borrowed from Japanese 仮名(かな) (kana).

kana

  1. kana (Japanese syllabary)

Borrowed from Old Swedish kana.

kana (dialectal, Lapland, Kymenlaakso)

  1. synonym of kokka (“bow of a boat”)

kana m (plural kanas)

  1. kana

Compare Tagalog kina.

kana (Hanunoo spelling ᜣᜨ)

  1. used to mark oblique cases of personal nouns: to; toward; of; from; etc.
    kana Gawidto/for/of/from Gawid and his companions, family, etc.

Kana.

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Estonian kana.

kana

  1. hen
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 6:
      Kana, ka-ka-ka, na, mama, kana.
      A hen, cluck cluck cluck, here, mommy, a hen.
    • 1936, V. I. Junus, P. L. Maksimov, Inkeroisin keelen oppikirja alkuşkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 4:
      Kana kaakatta. Sika röhkää.
      A hen cackles. A pig oinks.
    • 1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 80:
      Kanan äänee jooksi pertist Darja-ämmä.
      Granny Darja ran out of the cottage towards the sound of the hen.
Declension of kana (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative kana kanat
genitive kanan kannoin
partitive kannaa kanoja
illative kannaa kannoi
inessive kanas kanois
elative kanast kanoist
allative kanalle kanoille
adessive kanal kanoil
ablative kanalt kanoilt
translative kanaks kanoiks
essive kananna, kannaan kanoinna, kannoin
exessive1) kanant kanoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.
Soikkola declension of kana
singular plural
nominative kana kanat
genitive kanan kannoin
partitive kannaa kannooja
illative kannaa kannoi
inessive kanas kanois
elative kanast kanoist
allative kanalle kanoille
adessive kanal kanoil
ablative kanalt kanoilt
translative kanaks kanoiks
essive kannaan kannoin
exessive1) kannaant kannoint
1) Obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

kana

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かな

Kamba cardinal numbers

< 3 4 5 >
Cardinal : kana

From Proto-Bantu *-nàì.

kana

  1. four

Kamba Number Inflections

Noun Class 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
singular Mundu Muti Numba Kimanda Itumbi Uwathi Kaindo Wandu Kuthaima
One - mondi mondi mmondi mondi kimondi imondi mondi kamondi wamondi kumondi
plural Andu Miti Numba Imanda Matumbi Mbathi Tuindo Wandu Kuthaima
Two - keri aeri yeri yiri iyiri mairi yiri twiri wairi kwiri
Three - kadatu adatu midatu datu idatu madatu datu tudatu wadetu kudatu
Four - kana akana mina kana ina mana kana twana wana kwana
Five - kathano athano mithano thano ithano mathano thano tuthano wathano kuthano
Six - thandatu thandatu thandato thandatu thandatu thandatu thandatu thandatu thandatu thandatu
Seven - monza monza mimonza monza imonza mamonza monza tumonza wamonza kumonza
Eight - nyanya nyanya nyanya nyanya nyanya nyanya nyanya nyanya nyanya nyanya
Nine - kenda kenda kenda kenda kenda kenda kenda kenda kenda kenda
Ten - ikumi kumi kumi kumi kumi kumi kumi kumi kumi kumi

kana or kanâ

  1. put; to place
    Synonym: lage
  2. to leave something somewhere
    Synonym: maglakuwan

From ka +‎ na.

kana

  1. expression to indicate an uncertainty or doubt; I wonder; maybe
    Makabalu kana?
    I wonder if you already know?
    Manisip kana?
    I wonder if you're thinking something?

Regional variants of kana

North Karelian(Viena) kana
South Karelian(Tver) kana

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Estonian kana.

kana (genitive kanan, partitive kanua)

  1. hen
Viena Karelian declension of kana (type 4/kala, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kana kanat
genitive kanan kanojen
partitive kanua kanoja
illative kanah kanoih
inessive kanašša kanoissa
elative kanašta kanoista
adessive kanalla kanoilla
ablative kanalta kanoilta
translative kanakši kanoiksi
essive kanana kanoina
comitative kanoineh
abessive kanatta kanoitta
prolative
instructive kanoin
Tver Karelian declension of kana (type 4/kala no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kana kanat
genitive kanan kanoin
partitive kanua kanoida
illative kanah kanoih
inessive kanašša kanoissa
elative kanašta kanoista
adessive kanalla kanoilla
ablative kanalda kanoilda
translative kanakši kanoiksi
essive kanana kanoina
comitative kananke kanoinke
abessive kanatta kanoitta
prolative kanačči kanoičči
instructive kanoin
Possessive forms of kana
1st person kanani
2nd person kanaš
3rd person kanah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

kana

  1. or, whether

Borrowed from Bangi kana.

-kana (infinitive kokana)

  1. to decide

Borrowed from German Kanne, from Proto-Germanic *kannǭ.

kana f (diminutive kanka)

  1. jug, pot (e.g. for coffee or tea)

From Proto-Finnic *kana. Cognates include Finnish kana and Veps kana.

kana

  1. chicken
Declension of kana (type 1a/tila, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kana kanad
genitive kanan kanoiden
partitive kanad kanoid
essive kanan kanoin
instructive kanoin
inessive kanas kanoiš
elative kanaspiä kanoišpiä
illative kanah kanoihe
adessive kanal kanoil
ablative kanalpiä kanoilpiä
allative kanale kanoile
abessive kanata kanoita
prolative kanači kanoiči
translative kanaks kanoikš
additive kanahpiä kanoihepiä
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)

kana (Lontara spelling ᨀᨊ, semi-transitive akkana)

  1. (transitive) to say

kana (Lontara spelling ᨀᨊ)

  1. word

From Hindi खाना (khānā).

kana

  1. food

Inherited from Língua Geral Amazônica kana, borrowed from Portuguese cana, from Old Galician-Portuguese cana, from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾱ (kắnnā), borrowed from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm).

kana (plural kana-itá)

  1. sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum)
    Synonyms: murí-seẽ, tabuka-seẽ

Unknown

kana

  1. there
  2. then

Unknown, probably from Sanskrit कङ्कण (kaṅkaṇa, “bracelet”).

kana

  1. bracelet

Borrowed from Portuguese cana, from Old Galician-Portuguese cana, from Latin canna, borrowed from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾱ (kắnnā), borrowed from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm).

kana () (Língua Geral Amazônica)

  1. sugar cane (Saccharum officinarum)
    Synonym: takûare'ẽ

kana

  1. there

From Portuguese caminhar and Spanish caminar and Kabuverdianu kaminha.

kana

  1. to walk
  2. to go

kana m (uncountable)

  1. kana (Japanese syllabaries)

kana

  1. salt

Inherited from Sanskrit कदा (kadā).

kana

  1. when

Borrowing from Ottoman Turkish قنا (kına), from Arabic حِنَّاء (ḥinnāʔ).

kȁna f (Cyrillic spelling ка̏на)

  1. henna (Lawsonia inermis) (shrub; dye)

Borrowed from Japanese 仮名 (kana).

kàna f (Cyrillic spelling ка̀на)

  1. kana

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

-kana (infinitive kukana)

  1. to deny, to reject, to say no, to decline, to negate, to disown
Conjugation of -kana
Positive present -nakana Subjunctive -kane Negative -kani Imperative singular kana
Infinitives
Positive kukana Negative kutokana
Imperatives
Singular kana Plural kaneni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukana Positive past positive subject concord + -likana Negative past negative subject concord + -kukana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakana) Singular Plural 1st person ninakana/nakana tunakana 2nd person unakana mnakana 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakana wanakana other classes positive subject concord + -nakana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kani) Singular Plural 1st person sikani hatukani 2nd person hukani hamkani 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakani hawakani other classes negative subject concord + -kani
Positive future positive subject concord + -takana Negative future negative subject concord + -takana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kane) Singular Plural 1st person nikane tukane 2nd person ukane mkane 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akane wakane other classes positive subject concord + -kane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikane Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekana Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekana Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikana Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akana) Singular Plural 1st person nakana twakana 2nd person wakana mwakana 3rd person m-wa(I/II) akana wakana m-mi(III/IV) wakana yakana ji-ma(V/VI) lakana yakana ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakana vyakana n(IX/X) yakana zakana u(XI) wakana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwakana pa(XVI) pakana mu(XVIII) mwakana
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekana "Already" positive subject concord + -meshakana "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakana "If/When" positive subject concord + -kikana "If not" positive subject concord + -sipokana Consecutive kakana / positive subject concord + -kakana Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakane
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nikana -tukana 2nd person -kukana -wakana/-kukaneni/-wakaneni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkana -wakana m-mi(III/IV) -ukana -ikana ji-ma(V/VI) -likana -yakana ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikana -vikana n(IX/X) -ikana -zikana u(XI) -ukana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kukana pa(XVI) -pakana mu(XVIII) -mukana Reflexive -jikana
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kana- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -kanaye -kanao m-mi(III/IV) -kanao -kanayo ji-ma(V/VI) -kanalo -kanayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kanacho -kanavyo n(IX/X) -kanayo -kanazo u(XI) -kanao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kanako pa(XVI) -kanapo mu(XVIII) -kanamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kana) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yekana -okana m-mi(III/IV) -okana -yokana ji-ma(V/VI) -lokana -yokana ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokana -vyokana n(IX/X) -yokana -zokana u(XI) -okana see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kokana pa(XVI) -pokana mu(XVIII) -mokana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Borrowed from Portuguese cana.[1]

kana class IX (plural **kana class X)

  1. (nautical) tiller (part of the rudder)
    Synonym: mkombo

  2. ^ Baldi, Sergio (16 October 2023), Dictionary of Portuguese Loanwords in the Languages of Sub-Saharan Africa (Brill's Studies in Language, Cognition and Culture; 40), Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, page 138 Nr. 245

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

kana c

  1. slide (mostly as a toy)

kana (present kanar, preterite kanade, supine kanat, imperative **kana)

  1. to slide (mostly of people or vehicles, relating to icy ground)

Conjugation of kana (weak)

| | active | passive | | | | | ------------------ | ------------------------------------------ | --------------------------------------- | ---- | - | | infinitive | kana | — | | | | supine | kanat | — | | | | imperative | kana | — | | | | _imper. plural_1 | kanen | — | | | | | present | past | present | past | | | indicative | kanar | kanade | — | — | | _ind. plural_1 | kana | kanade | — | — | | _subjunctive_2 | kane | kanade | — | — | | | | | | | | | present participle | kanande | | | | | past participle | — | | | |

Borrowed from Malay kena (“to contact; to have to do, to need to do; to be precise; deceived”), from Old Malay knā, from Proto-Austronesian *kəNa (“be ensnared, caught in a trap; suffer, undergo, be struck by something; be entrapped or deceived; hit the mark, be ‘on target’, correct, right, true”). Compare Ilocano kenna.

kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ)

  1. deception; falsity
  2. action or work
    Synonym: gawa
    Nakana na ang wika ko.
    My word has been done.
  3. exertion; effort; deed; accomplishment
    Synonym: gawa
  4. application; actualization; appropriation; usage for some purpose
    Synonyms: akma, lapat, kabit
    walang kapapakanan ― no purpose
  5. fighting with the fists
    Synonyms: laban, away, babag, buntalan, suntukan
  6. (obsolete) deception or falsification of the weight of scales
    May kana ang talaro mong iyan.
    That scale of yours has some falsification.
  7. (obsolete) imposition of a penalty or payment
    Kanan mo ng dusa ang talampasan.
    Impose suffering to the wicked.

kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ)

  1. fixed; set in place
  2. set as a trap; ready; readied (as of a gun)

kanâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) (colloquial)

  1. clipping of amerikana

kaná (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ)

  1. alternative form of kina

kanà (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜈ) (obsolete)

  1. menarche; a woman's first menstruation
    Synonyms: abot-tubo, unang dating
    May kana na itong bata.
    The child already had her (first) menstruation.

Tooro numbers (edit)

[a], [b], [c] ← 3 4 5 → [a], [b], [c]
Cardinal: -na, (in abstract counting) ina Ordinal: -a kana Adverbial: kana, enyakana, emirundi ena Fractional: ekicweka ekya kana

kana

  1. four times

kana

  1. dative singular of kan

kana

  1. or
  2. nor

From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô.

kana

  1. chicken
Inflection of kana (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing. kana
genitive sing. kanan
partitive sing. kanad
partitive plur. kanoid
singular plural
nominative kana kanad
accusative kanan kanad
genitive kanan kanoiden
partitive kanad kanoid
essive-instructive kanan kanoin
translative kanaks kanoikš
inessive kanas kanoiš
elative kanaspäi kanoišpäi
illative kanaha kanoihe
adessive kanal kanoil
ablative kanalpäi kanoilpäi
allative kanale kanoile
abessive kanata kanoita
comitative kananke kanoidenke
prolative kanadme kanoidme
approximative I kananno kanoidenno
approximative II kanannoks kanoidennoks
egressive kanannopäi kanoidennopäi
terminative I kanahasai kanoihesai
terminative II kanalesai kanoilesai
terminative III kanassai
additive I kanahapäi kanoihepäi
additive II kanalepäi kanoilepäi

From Proto-Finnic *kana, from Proto-Germanic *hanô. Cognates include Estonian kana.

kana (genitive **kana, partitive kanna)

  1. chicken

From Proto-Finnic *kana.

kana

  1. hen, chicken
Declension of kana (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kana kanad
genitive kana kanojõ
partitive kanna kanoit
illative kanasõ, kanna kanoisõ
inessive kanaz kanoiz
elative kanass kanoiss
allative kanallõ kanoillõ
adessive kanall kanoill
ablative kanalt kanoilt
translative kanassi kanoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.For dialectal differences between case endings, see Appendix:Votic dialects.

kana

  1. digging stick

Variant orthographies

ALIV kana
Brazilian standard kana
New Tribes cana

From Proto-Cariban *kana (“fish”).

kana

  1. Amazon brycon, a fish of species Brycon amazonicus