Haidar Alalawi | Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University (original) (raw)

Papers by Haidar Alalawi

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Dietary Simulating Solvents on the CAD-CAM Provisional Restorative Materials’ Microhardness and Color Stability Properties: An in vitro Study

Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry, Jun 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of A one-piece CAD-CAM printed custom implant healing abutment: A dental technique

˜The œjournal of prosthetic dentistry/˜The œJournal of prosthetic dentistry, May 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Denture relining using digital replication method: A dental technique

Journal of prosthodontics, Feb 25, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Professional assessment compared to patients’ attitudes toward tooth replacement: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health

Background There is a difference between patient self-assessment and professional assessment of o... more Background There is a difference between patient self-assessment and professional assessment of oral health needs; therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate patients’ individual needs and awareness of replacing missing teeth with prostheses and then to compare this information with professionally assessed clinical prosthetic needs in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The study subjects were recruited from Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University in Dammam City, Primary Health Care Centers in Alhasa City and from health education campaigns in the same area. All the patients were provided with a questionnaire related to the effect of missing teeth and replacement options, then underwent a clinical examination performed by a well-trained investigator. Statistical analyses were performed using JMP data analysis software (JMP®, Version 16. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, 1989–2021.) Resul...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative evaluation of the accuracy of 3D-printed denture teeth

Research paper thumbnail of Strength and Wear Behavior of Three-Dimensional Printed and Prefabricated Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Comparative Analysis

European Journal of Dentistry

Objectives With advanced technology for complete denture fabrication, there is a lack of knowledg... more Objectives With advanced technology for complete denture fabrication, there is a lack of knowledge on the mechanical behavior of three-dimensional (3D) printed teeth despite the development of complete denture fabrication technologies. This study aimed to compare different types of 3D-printed teeth in terms of wear and fracture resistance in comparison to control prefabricated denture teeth. Materials and Methods One prefabricated tooth was selected and fixed in a resin holder and half of the tooth remained in anatomic form, while the other half was flattened for the wear test. One from each type was scanned and then printed with different resins; Asiga (DentaTOOTH, Asiga, Alexandria 2015,NSW, Australia), FormLabs (Denture Base LP, FormLabs, Berlin, Germany), and NextDent (NextDent C&B MFH, NextDent B.V., Soesterberg, the Netherlands) according to manufacturer recommendations. A total of 60 specimens (20/resin, n = 10) were thermo cycled (5,000 cycles) and wear test samples were fur...

Research paper thumbnail of Physiomechanical and Surface Characteristics of 3D-Printed Zirconia: An In Vitro Study

Materials

The objective of this study is to examine the physiomechanical and surface properties of 3D-print... more The objective of this study is to examine the physiomechanical and surface properties of 3D-printed zirconia in comparison to milled zirconia. A total of 80 disc-shaped (14 × 1.5 ± 0.2 mm) specimens (20 milled and 60 3D-printed (at three different orientations; horizontal, vertical, and tilted)) were manufactured from 3-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. Five specimens per group were evaluated for crystalline phase, grain size, density, porosity, surface roughness, wettability, microhardness, and SEM analysis of the surface. Biaxial flexural strength (BFS) was measured (n = 15) followed by Weibull analysis and SEM of fractured surfaces. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test at α = 0.05. All groups showed a predominant tetragonal phase, with a 450 nm average grain size. There was no significant difference between groups with regards to density, porosity, and microhardness (p > 0.05). The tilted group had the highest surface rough...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Hardness of 3D Printed Resins

Materials

The effect of printing parameters on the surface characteristics of three-dimensional (3D)-printe... more The effect of printing parameters on the surface characteristics of three-dimensional (3D)-printed denture base resins (DBRs) is neglected. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of printing orientation and post-curing time on the surface roughness and hardness. One conventional heat-polymerized (HP) resin and two 3D-printing resins (NextDent (ND) and ASIGA (AS)) were used to fabricate a total of 250-disc (10 × 2.5 mm) specimens. ND and AS specimens were printed with different orientations (0-, 45-, and 90-degree) and each orientation group was subjected to four post-curing times (30, 60, 90, 120 min). Printed specimens were thermo-cycled (10,000 cycles) followed by the measuring of surface roughness (Profilometer (Ra)) and hardness (a Vickers hardness (VH)). ANOVA and post hoc tests were used for data analysis (α = 0.05) at significant levels. AS and ND showed no significant changes in Ra when compared with HP (p ˃ 0.05), except the 45-degree orientation (AS/90 min and AS/12...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of real time and accelerated aging on the physical and mechanical properties of YTTRIA partially stabilized zirconia

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate accelerated and real time aging effect on microstructure and mechanical p... more OBJECTIVES: To evaluate accelerated and real time aging effect on microstructure and mechanical properties of different types of zirconia’s with various surface treatments. METHODS: In this in-vitro study 830 discs were prepared from four Y-TZP based materials. These materials were TZ-3YSB-E, ZPex®, ZPex® Smile (Tosoh Corporation, Japan), and Cercon®xt extra translucent zirconia (Dentsply-Sirona). Final dimensions of each specimen disc were about 15 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm thick. An accelerated aging process for 5, 24, and 168 hours of steam aging at 134°C under a pressure of 0.2 MPa was applied to the specimens. Real time aging was performed for one year in normal saline solution at 37°C in an incubator. Sandblasting was performed using a PrepStar® system with Al2O3 50μm particle size at pressure of 60 psi, rate 4.2 gram/minute. Grinding with a Buehler AutoMet 250 was performed using a 240 μm diamond disc with a 0.0034 kg/mm2 load and speed of 120 rpm for two minutes. Bruker D8 a...

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Polymerization Technique and ZrO2 Nanoparticle Addition on the Fracture Load of Interim Implant-Supported Fixed Cantilevered Prostheses in Comparison to CAD/CAM Material

Dentistry Journal

ZrO2 nanoparticles (ZNPs) have excellent physical properties. This study investigated the fractur... more ZrO2 nanoparticles (ZNPs) have excellent physical properties. This study investigated the fracture load of implant-supported, fixed cantilevered prosthesis materials, reinforced with ZNPs and various polymerization techniques, compared with conventional and CAD/CAM materials. Sixty specimens were made from two CAD/CAM; milled (MIL) (Ceramill TEMP); and 3D-printed (NextDent Denture 3D+). Conventional heat-polymerized acrylic resin was used to fabricate the other specimens, which were grouped according to their polymerization technique: conventionally (HP) and autoclave-polymerized (AP); conventionally cured and reinforced with 5 wt% ZNPs (HPZNP); and autoclave reinforced with 5 wt% ZNPs (APZNP). The specimens were thermocycled (5000 cycles/30 s dwell time). Each specimen was subjected to static vertical loading (1 mm/min) using a universal Instron testing machine until fracture. Scanning electron microscopy was used for fracture surface analyses. The ANOVA showed significant fracture...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Maxillary Anterior Dentogingival Esthetics Perception betweenDentists and Saudi Lay Population in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Fit and Marginal Gap Evaluation of Zirconia Copings Using Microcomputed Tomography: An In Vitro Analysis

The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry, Jan 27, 2017

The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the marginal and internal fit of single-unit al... more The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the marginal and internal fit of single-unit all-ceramic zirconia copings (ZCs) fabricated through three different computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacture (CAD/CAM) systems using microcomputed tomography (microCT). A total of 10 ZCs were produced for each experimental group. Scanning of the stainless steel (SS) model with its respective copings was conducted with a SkyScan machine. DataViewer software was used to acquire cross-sectional images. Locations of cross-sections for all specimens were standardized to reduce errors. Seven different cross-section locations were selected: four transverse and three sagittal. Adobe Photoshop CS3 was used for the measurements. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used for the statistical analysis for each group. In addition, t test (α = .05) was used to compare values at each measurement location for the different groups. The results of this study show significant...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a comprehensive clinical dentistry course at dental schools in Saudi Arabia

Journal of Dental Research and Review, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of The association between dental and periodontal diseases and sickle cell disease. A pilot case-control study

The Saudi Dental Journal, 2015

This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and p... more This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease and examine the possible association between oral health deterioration and SCD severity in a sample of Saudi SCD patients residing in the city of Al-Qatif, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: Dental examination to determine the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and plaque index system were recorded for 33 SCD patients and 33 age and sex-matched controls in the Al-Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia. Self-administered surveys used to assess socioeconomic status; oral health behaviors for both SCD patients and controls were recorded. In addition, the disease severity index was established for all patients with SCD. SPSS data analysis software package version 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Numerical variables were described as mean with a standard deviation. Results: Decayed teeth were significantly more in individuals with ages ranging from 18 to 38 years with SCD compared to the control group (p = 0.036) due to oral hygiene negligence. The mean number of filled teeth was significantly lower in individuals with SCD when compared to the control group (p = 0.015) due to the lack of appropriate and timely treatment reflected in the survey responses of SCD patients as 15.2% only taking oral care during hospitalization. There were differences between the cases and controls in the known caries risk factors such as income level, flossing, and brushing habit. The DMFT, CPI, and plaque index systems did not differ significantly between the SCD patients and the control group.

Research paper thumbnail of Fracture Load of 3D-Printed Interim Three-Unit Fixed Dental Prostheses: Impact of Printing Orientation and Post-Curing Time

Polymers

The fracture resistance of 3-unit interim fixed dental prostheses (IFDPs) fabricated using digita... more The fracture resistance of 3-unit interim fixed dental prostheses (IFDPs) fabricated using digital light processing (DLP) additive technology with different printing parameters is neglected. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of different printing orientations and different post-curing times on the fracture resistance of 3-unit IFDPs fabricated from two three-dimensional (3D) printed resins, NextDent, C&B (CB), ASIGA, and DentaTOOTH. A 3-unit dye was scanned, and an IFDP was designed. A total of 300 specimens (150/materials, n = 10) were printed and divided into three groups according to printing orientations (0°, 45°, 90°) per material. Each orientation was subdivided into five groups (n = 10) considering the post-curing time (green state as control, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). All specimens underwent thermocycling (5000 cycles). Each specimen was fitted onto the die and loaded until fracture using a universal testing machine with a loading rate of 1 m/min. Data were analy...

Research paper thumbnail of Fit, Precision, and Trueness of 3D-Printed Zirconia Crowns Compared to Milled Counterparts

Dentistry Journal

Precise fit of a crown and accurate reproduction of the digital design are paramount for successf... more Precise fit of a crown and accurate reproduction of the digital design are paramount for successful treatment outcomes and preservation of clinician and technician time. The study aimed to compare the internal fit, marginal adaptation, precision, and trueness of 3D-printed zirconia crowns compared to their milled counterpart. A total of 20 monolithic 3 mol% yttria stabilized-zirconia crowns (n = 10) were made using computer-assisted design (CAD) followed by additive (3D-printed) and subtractive (milled) manufacturing. Digital scanning of the master die with and without a fit checker followed by image superimposition, and analysis was performed to evaluate internal and marginal adaptation in four areas (occlusal, axial, marginal, and overall). ISO 12836:2015 standard was followed for precision and trueness evaluation. Statistical analysis was achieved using a t-test at α = 0.05. Internal fit and marginal adaptation revealed no significant difference between the two test groups (p &gt...

Research paper thumbnail of Wear and Fracture Resistance of 3D‐Printed Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Comparative Study

Journal of Prosthodontics

PURPOSE The longevity of removable prostheses is mostly influenced by the properties of the used ... more PURPOSE The longevity of removable prostheses is mostly influenced by the properties of the used materials. The ability of the material to withstand high occlusal loads without deformation can enhance patient satisfaction and quality of life. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the wear and fracture resistance of three dimensional (3D)-printed teeth compared with commercially available acrylic resin teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 prefabricated acrylic teeth and 40 3D-printed teeth were prepared in two forms: anatomical for fracture resistance or flat for wear resistance (n = 10). For wear evaluation, specimens were scanned at baseline and then subjected to thermal cycling (10,000 cycles). This was followed by a chewing simulator (60,000 cycles) against either metal or natural tooth. Then, the specimens were scanned again. Wear analysis was performed by superimposing the standard tessellation language (STL) files from baseline and the final scans with the aid of GOM Inspect 2020 software. Fracture resistance was assessed with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min before and after thermal cycling. Data were analyzed with two-independent t-test and two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). RESULTS The 3D-printed teeth showed significantly lower wear resistance than the prefabricated ones with both antagonists (metal, P = 0.049; natural tooth, P = 0.021). The fracture resistance of the 3D-printed teeth was significantly higher than that of the prefabricated teeth before thermocycling (P = 0.042). After thermal cycling, the fracture resistance of both groups was decreased with no significant differences between them (P = 0.266). CONCLUSIONS The 3D-printed teeth showed lower wear resistance and higher fracture resistance than the prefabricated ones. Thermal cycling negatively affected the fracture resistance of 3D-printed teeth. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Impression Techniques and Materials for Complete Denture Construction

Dental Health: Current Research, 2016

Edentulism is a common problem in geriatric population over 65 years old. In order to restore fun... more Edentulism is a common problem in geriatric population over 65 years old. In order to restore function and esthetic of edentulous patient complete denture could be provided [1]. Impression making is a critical step in fabrication of complete denture [2]. There are several factors that contribute in successful impression making such as technique used, type of the material, and patient situation. Different techniques for making complete denture impression are given in

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a comprehensive clinical dentistry course at dental schools in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate a Comprehensive Clinical Dentistry Course conducted at... more Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate a Comprehensive Clinical Dentistry Course conducted at two dental schools in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in two dental schools: King Saud University (KSU) and University of Dammam (UOD). The study subjects were students (42 UOD and 30 KSU), patients (32 UOD and 46 KSU), and faculty members (8 UOD and 7 KSU). Evaluations were collected using self-administered surveys. Results: The response rates were 72%, 78%, and 32% for students, patients, and faculty members, respectively. The students' evaluations demonstrated that case acceptance by supervisors was one of the difficulties facing 57.14% of UOD students compared to 30% of KSU students. The majority of faculty members (39%) were restorative specialists (25% UOD, 42.86% KSU). The overall evaluation of UOD faculty members was fair (50%) or good to very good (50%). For KSU faculty members, the overall evaluation was good (50%) or very good (50%). The mean age of the patients was 33.26 years. The level of education of the study subjects was either secondary school (43.6%) or university level (35.9%). Most of the study subjects knew about the program from their friends (57.7%). Approximately 96.1% of the study subjects were satisfied with the overall treatment of students. Discussion: The fundamental aim of the students was to have their cases accepted as early as possible to complete requirements on time. Conclusion: Dental students displayed relatively high psychological stress in relation to case acceptance by their supervisors. Demonstrating good attitude and quality treatment can increase the flow of patients.

Research paper thumbnail of The association between dental and periodontal diseases and sickle cell disease. A pilot case-control study Production and hosting by Elsevier

Objective: This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental c... more Objective: This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease and examine the possible association between oral health deterioration and SCD severity in a sample of Saudi SCD patients residing in the city of Al-Qatif, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: Dental examination to determine the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and plaque index system were recorded for 33 SCD patients and 33 age and sex-matched controls in the Al-Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia. Self-administered surveys used to assess socioeconomic status; oral health behaviors for both SCD patients and controls were recorded. In addition, the disease severity index was established for all patients with SCD. SPSS data analysis software package version 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Numerical variables were described as mean with a standard deviation. Results: Decayed teeth were significantly more in individuals with ages ranging from 18 to 38 years with SCD compared to the control group (p = 0.036) due to oral hygiene negligence. The mean number of filled teeth was significantly lower in individuals with SCD when compared to the control group (p = 0.015) due to the lack of appropriate and timely treatment reflected in the survey responses of SCD patients as 15.2% only taking oral care during hospitalization. There were differences between the cases and controls in the known caries risk factors such as income level, flossing, and brushing habit. The DMFT, CPI, and plaque index systems did not differ significantly between the SCD patients and the control group. Conclusion: Data suggest that patients with SCD have increased susceptibility to dental caries, with a higher prevalence of tooth decay and lower prevalence of filled teeth. Known caries risk factors influenced oral health more markedly than did factors related to SCD.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of Dietary Simulating Solvents on the CAD-CAM Provisional Restorative Materials’ Microhardness and Color Stability Properties: An in vitro Study

Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dentistry, Jun 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of A one-piece CAD-CAM printed custom implant healing abutment: A dental technique

˜The œjournal of prosthetic dentistry/˜The œJournal of prosthetic dentistry, May 1, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Denture relining using digital replication method: A dental technique

Journal of prosthodontics, Feb 25, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Professional assessment compared to patients’ attitudes toward tooth replacement: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health

Background There is a difference between patient self-assessment and professional assessment of o... more Background There is a difference between patient self-assessment and professional assessment of oral health needs; therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate patients’ individual needs and awareness of replacing missing teeth with prostheses and then to compare this information with professionally assessed clinical prosthetic needs in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The study subjects were recruited from Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University in Dammam City, Primary Health Care Centers in Alhasa City and from health education campaigns in the same area. All the patients were provided with a questionnaire related to the effect of missing teeth and replacement options, then underwent a clinical examination performed by a well-trained investigator. Statistical analyses were performed using JMP data analysis software (JMP®, Version 16. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, 1989–2021.) Resul...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative evaluation of the accuracy of 3D-printed denture teeth

Research paper thumbnail of Strength and Wear Behavior of Three-Dimensional Printed and Prefabricated Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Comparative Analysis

European Journal of Dentistry

Objectives With advanced technology for complete denture fabrication, there is a lack of knowledg... more Objectives With advanced technology for complete denture fabrication, there is a lack of knowledge on the mechanical behavior of three-dimensional (3D) printed teeth despite the development of complete denture fabrication technologies. This study aimed to compare different types of 3D-printed teeth in terms of wear and fracture resistance in comparison to control prefabricated denture teeth. Materials and Methods One prefabricated tooth was selected and fixed in a resin holder and half of the tooth remained in anatomic form, while the other half was flattened for the wear test. One from each type was scanned and then printed with different resins; Asiga (DentaTOOTH, Asiga, Alexandria 2015,NSW, Australia), FormLabs (Denture Base LP, FormLabs, Berlin, Germany), and NextDent (NextDent C&B MFH, NextDent B.V., Soesterberg, the Netherlands) according to manufacturer recommendations. A total of 60 specimens (20/resin, n = 10) were thermo cycled (5,000 cycles) and wear test samples were fur...

Research paper thumbnail of Physiomechanical and Surface Characteristics of 3D-Printed Zirconia: An In Vitro Study

Materials

The objective of this study is to examine the physiomechanical and surface properties of 3D-print... more The objective of this study is to examine the physiomechanical and surface properties of 3D-printed zirconia in comparison to milled zirconia. A total of 80 disc-shaped (14 × 1.5 ± 0.2 mm) specimens (20 milled and 60 3D-printed (at three different orientations; horizontal, vertical, and tilted)) were manufactured from 3-mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia. Five specimens per group were evaluated for crystalline phase, grain size, density, porosity, surface roughness, wettability, microhardness, and SEM analysis of the surface. Biaxial flexural strength (BFS) was measured (n = 15) followed by Weibull analysis and SEM of fractured surfaces. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test at α = 0.05. All groups showed a predominant tetragonal phase, with a 450 nm average grain size. There was no significant difference between groups with regards to density, porosity, and microhardness (p > 0.05). The tilted group had the highest surface rough...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Hardness of 3D Printed Resins

Materials

The effect of printing parameters on the surface characteristics of three-dimensional (3D)-printe... more The effect of printing parameters on the surface characteristics of three-dimensional (3D)-printed denture base resins (DBRs) is neglected. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of printing orientation and post-curing time on the surface roughness and hardness. One conventional heat-polymerized (HP) resin and two 3D-printing resins (NextDent (ND) and ASIGA (AS)) were used to fabricate a total of 250-disc (10 × 2.5 mm) specimens. ND and AS specimens were printed with different orientations (0-, 45-, and 90-degree) and each orientation group was subjected to four post-curing times (30, 60, 90, 120 min). Printed specimens were thermo-cycled (10,000 cycles) followed by the measuring of surface roughness (Profilometer (Ra)) and hardness (a Vickers hardness (VH)). ANOVA and post hoc tests were used for data analysis (α = 0.05) at significant levels. AS and ND showed no significant changes in Ra when compared with HP (p ˃ 0.05), except the 45-degree orientation (AS/90 min and AS/12...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of real time and accelerated aging on the physical and mechanical properties of YTTRIA partially stabilized zirconia

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate accelerated and real time aging effect on microstructure and mechanical p... more OBJECTIVES: To evaluate accelerated and real time aging effect on microstructure and mechanical properties of different types of zirconia’s with various surface treatments. METHODS: In this in-vitro study 830 discs were prepared from four Y-TZP based materials. These materials were TZ-3YSB-E, ZPex®, ZPex® Smile (Tosoh Corporation, Japan), and Cercon®xt extra translucent zirconia (Dentsply-Sirona). Final dimensions of each specimen disc were about 15 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm thick. An accelerated aging process for 5, 24, and 168 hours of steam aging at 134°C under a pressure of 0.2 MPa was applied to the specimens. Real time aging was performed for one year in normal saline solution at 37°C in an incubator. Sandblasting was performed using a PrepStar® system with Al2O3 50μm particle size at pressure of 60 psi, rate 4.2 gram/minute. Grinding with a Buehler AutoMet 250 was performed using a 240 μm diamond disc with a 0.0034 kg/mm2 load and speed of 120 rpm for two minutes. Bruker D8 a...

Research paper thumbnail of Impact of Polymerization Technique and ZrO2 Nanoparticle Addition on the Fracture Load of Interim Implant-Supported Fixed Cantilevered Prostheses in Comparison to CAD/CAM Material

Dentistry Journal

ZrO2 nanoparticles (ZNPs) have excellent physical properties. This study investigated the fractur... more ZrO2 nanoparticles (ZNPs) have excellent physical properties. This study investigated the fracture load of implant-supported, fixed cantilevered prosthesis materials, reinforced with ZNPs and various polymerization techniques, compared with conventional and CAD/CAM materials. Sixty specimens were made from two CAD/CAM; milled (MIL) (Ceramill TEMP); and 3D-printed (NextDent Denture 3D+). Conventional heat-polymerized acrylic resin was used to fabricate the other specimens, which were grouped according to their polymerization technique: conventionally (HP) and autoclave-polymerized (AP); conventionally cured and reinforced with 5 wt% ZNPs (HPZNP); and autoclave reinforced with 5 wt% ZNPs (APZNP). The specimens were thermocycled (5000 cycles/30 s dwell time). Each specimen was subjected to static vertical loading (1 mm/min) using a universal Instron testing machine until fracture. Scanning electron microscopy was used for fracture surface analyses. The ANOVA showed significant fracture...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Maxillary Anterior Dentogingival Esthetics Perception betweenDentists and Saudi Lay Population in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Research paper thumbnail of Internal Fit and Marginal Gap Evaluation of Zirconia Copings Using Microcomputed Tomography: An In Vitro Analysis

The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry, Jan 27, 2017

The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the marginal and internal fit of single-unit al... more The purpose of this in vitro study was to measure the marginal and internal fit of single-unit all-ceramic zirconia copings (ZCs) fabricated through three different computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacture (CAD/CAM) systems using microcomputed tomography (microCT). A total of 10 ZCs were produced for each experimental group. Scanning of the stainless steel (SS) model with its respective copings was conducted with a SkyScan machine. DataViewer software was used to acquire cross-sectional images. Locations of cross-sections for all specimens were standardized to reduce errors. Seven different cross-section locations were selected: four transverse and three sagittal. Adobe Photoshop CS3 was used for the measurements. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used for the statistical analysis for each group. In addition, t test (α = .05) was used to compare values at each measurement location for the different groups. The results of this study show significant...

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a comprehensive clinical dentistry course at dental schools in Saudi Arabia

Journal of Dental Research and Review, 2015

Research paper thumbnail of The association between dental and periodontal diseases and sickle cell disease. A pilot case-control study

The Saudi Dental Journal, 2015

This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and p... more This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease and examine the possible association between oral health deterioration and SCD severity in a sample of Saudi SCD patients residing in the city of Al-Qatif, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: Dental examination to determine the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and plaque index system were recorded for 33 SCD patients and 33 age and sex-matched controls in the Al-Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia. Self-administered surveys used to assess socioeconomic status; oral health behaviors for both SCD patients and controls were recorded. In addition, the disease severity index was established for all patients with SCD. SPSS data analysis software package version 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Numerical variables were described as mean with a standard deviation. Results: Decayed teeth were significantly more in individuals with ages ranging from 18 to 38 years with SCD compared to the control group (p = 0.036) due to oral hygiene negligence. The mean number of filled teeth was significantly lower in individuals with SCD when compared to the control group (p = 0.015) due to the lack of appropriate and timely treatment reflected in the survey responses of SCD patients as 15.2% only taking oral care during hospitalization. There were differences between the cases and controls in the known caries risk factors such as income level, flossing, and brushing habit. The DMFT, CPI, and plaque index systems did not differ significantly between the SCD patients and the control group.

Research paper thumbnail of Fracture Load of 3D-Printed Interim Three-Unit Fixed Dental Prostheses: Impact of Printing Orientation and Post-Curing Time

Polymers

The fracture resistance of 3-unit interim fixed dental prostheses (IFDPs) fabricated using digita... more The fracture resistance of 3-unit interim fixed dental prostheses (IFDPs) fabricated using digital light processing (DLP) additive technology with different printing parameters is neglected. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of different printing orientations and different post-curing times on the fracture resistance of 3-unit IFDPs fabricated from two three-dimensional (3D) printed resins, NextDent, C&B (CB), ASIGA, and DentaTOOTH. A 3-unit dye was scanned, and an IFDP was designed. A total of 300 specimens (150/materials, n = 10) were printed and divided into three groups according to printing orientations (0°, 45°, 90°) per material. Each orientation was subdivided into five groups (n = 10) considering the post-curing time (green state as control, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). All specimens underwent thermocycling (5000 cycles). Each specimen was fitted onto the die and loaded until fracture using a universal testing machine with a loading rate of 1 m/min. Data were analy...

Research paper thumbnail of Fit, Precision, and Trueness of 3D-Printed Zirconia Crowns Compared to Milled Counterparts

Dentistry Journal

Precise fit of a crown and accurate reproduction of the digital design are paramount for successf... more Precise fit of a crown and accurate reproduction of the digital design are paramount for successful treatment outcomes and preservation of clinician and technician time. The study aimed to compare the internal fit, marginal adaptation, precision, and trueness of 3D-printed zirconia crowns compared to their milled counterpart. A total of 20 monolithic 3 mol% yttria stabilized-zirconia crowns (n = 10) were made using computer-assisted design (CAD) followed by additive (3D-printed) and subtractive (milled) manufacturing. Digital scanning of the master die with and without a fit checker followed by image superimposition, and analysis was performed to evaluate internal and marginal adaptation in four areas (occlusal, axial, marginal, and overall). ISO 12836:2015 standard was followed for precision and trueness evaluation. Statistical analysis was achieved using a t-test at α = 0.05. Internal fit and marginal adaptation revealed no significant difference between the two test groups (p &gt...

Research paper thumbnail of Wear and Fracture Resistance of 3D‐Printed Denture Teeth: An In Vitro Comparative Study

Journal of Prosthodontics

PURPOSE The longevity of removable prostheses is mostly influenced by the properties of the used ... more PURPOSE The longevity of removable prostheses is mostly influenced by the properties of the used materials. The ability of the material to withstand high occlusal loads without deformation can enhance patient satisfaction and quality of life. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the wear and fracture resistance of three dimensional (3D)-printed teeth compared with commercially available acrylic resin teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 prefabricated acrylic teeth and 40 3D-printed teeth were prepared in two forms: anatomical for fracture resistance or flat for wear resistance (n = 10). For wear evaluation, specimens were scanned at baseline and then subjected to thermal cycling (10,000 cycles). This was followed by a chewing simulator (60,000 cycles) against either metal or natural tooth. Then, the specimens were scanned again. Wear analysis was performed by superimposing the standard tessellation language (STL) files from baseline and the final scans with the aid of GOM Inspect 2020 software. Fracture resistance was assessed with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min before and after thermal cycling. Data were analyzed with two-independent t-test and two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). RESULTS The 3D-printed teeth showed significantly lower wear resistance than the prefabricated ones with both antagonists (metal, P = 0.049; natural tooth, P = 0.021). The fracture resistance of the 3D-printed teeth was significantly higher than that of the prefabricated teeth before thermocycling (P = 0.042). After thermal cycling, the fracture resistance of both groups was decreased with no significant differences between them (P = 0.266). CONCLUSIONS The 3D-printed teeth showed lower wear resistance and higher fracture resistance than the prefabricated ones. Thermal cycling negatively affected the fracture resistance of 3D-printed teeth. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Research paper thumbnail of Impression Techniques and Materials for Complete Denture Construction

Dental Health: Current Research, 2016

Edentulism is a common problem in geriatric population over 65 years old. In order to restore fun... more Edentulism is a common problem in geriatric population over 65 years old. In order to restore function and esthetic of edentulous patient complete denture could be provided [1]. Impression making is a critical step in fabrication of complete denture [2]. There are several factors that contribute in successful impression making such as technique used, type of the material, and patient situation. Different techniques for making complete denture impression are given in

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a comprehensive clinical dentistry course at dental schools in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate a Comprehensive Clinical Dentistry Course conducted at... more Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate a Comprehensive Clinical Dentistry Course conducted at two dental schools in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in two dental schools: King Saud University (KSU) and University of Dammam (UOD). The study subjects were students (42 UOD and 30 KSU), patients (32 UOD and 46 KSU), and faculty members (8 UOD and 7 KSU). Evaluations were collected using self-administered surveys. Results: The response rates were 72%, 78%, and 32% for students, patients, and faculty members, respectively. The students' evaluations demonstrated that case acceptance by supervisors was one of the difficulties facing 57.14% of UOD students compared to 30% of KSU students. The majority of faculty members (39%) were restorative specialists (25% UOD, 42.86% KSU). The overall evaluation of UOD faculty members was fair (50%) or good to very good (50%). For KSU faculty members, the overall evaluation was good (50%) or very good (50%). The mean age of the patients was 33.26 years. The level of education of the study subjects was either secondary school (43.6%) or university level (35.9%). Most of the study subjects knew about the program from their friends (57.7%). Approximately 96.1% of the study subjects were satisfied with the overall treatment of students. Discussion: The fundamental aim of the students was to have their cases accepted as early as possible to complete requirements on time. Conclusion: Dental students displayed relatively high psychological stress in relation to case acceptance by their supervisors. Demonstrating good attitude and quality treatment can increase the flow of patients.

Research paper thumbnail of The association between dental and periodontal diseases and sickle cell disease. A pilot case-control study Production and hosting by Elsevier

Objective: This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental c... more Objective: This is a pilot case-control study conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease and examine the possible association between oral health deterioration and SCD severity in a sample of Saudi SCD patients residing in the city of Al-Qatif, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: Dental examination to determine the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth index (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and plaque index system were recorded for 33 SCD patients and 33 age and sex-matched controls in the Al-Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia. Self-administered surveys used to assess socioeconomic status; oral health behaviors for both SCD patients and controls were recorded. In addition, the disease severity index was established for all patients with SCD. SPSS data analysis software package version 18.0 was used for statistical analysis. Numerical variables were described as mean with a standard deviation. Results: Decayed teeth were significantly more in individuals with ages ranging from 18 to 38 years with SCD compared to the control group (p = 0.036) due to oral hygiene negligence. The mean number of filled teeth was significantly lower in individuals with SCD when compared to the control group (p = 0.015) due to the lack of appropriate and timely treatment reflected in the survey responses of SCD patients as 15.2% only taking oral care during hospitalization. There were differences between the cases and controls in the known caries risk factors such as income level, flossing, and brushing habit. The DMFT, CPI, and plaque index systems did not differ significantly between the SCD patients and the control group. Conclusion: Data suggest that patients with SCD have increased susceptibility to dental caries, with a higher prevalence of tooth decay and lower prevalence of filled teeth. Known caries risk factors influenced oral health more markedly than did factors related to SCD.