Dr. Waqar Badshah | İbn Haldun Üniversitesi (original) (raw)
Volume 5 Issue 1 by Dr. Waqar Badshah
Economies, 2020
Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by... more Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by Bounds test of cointegration for model selection. The aim of this paper was twofold; one was to evaluate the performance of these five routinely used information criteria {Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AICC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion (SIC/BIC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion Corrected (SICC/BICC), and Hannan and Quinn Information Criterion (HQC)} and three structured approaches (Forward Selection, Backward Elimination, and Stepwise) by assessing their size and power properties at different sample sizes based on Monte Carlo simulations, and second was the assessment of the same based on real economic data. The second aim was achieved by the evaluation of the long-run relationship between three pairs of macroeconomic variables, i.e., Energy Consumption and GDP, Oil Price and GDP, and Broad Money and GDP for BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries using Bounds cointegration test. It was found that information criteria and structured procedures have the same powers for a sample size of 50 or greater. However, BICC and Stepwise are better at small sample sizes. In the light of simulation and real data results, a modified Bounds test with Stepwise model selection procedure may be used as it is strongly theoretically supported and avoids noise in the model selection process.
This study is conducted to find out the effect of representativeness bias on investment decision ... more This study is conducted to find out the effect of representativeness bias on investment decision by using self administered questionnaires and circulated 160 questionnaires in Islamabad stock exchange and 120 questionnaire collected back, the questionnaire used in this study is taken from research paper of Chun and Ming (2008). This study used regression analysis to find out the effect of representativeness bias and results of this study show that investors are affected by representativeness bias in Islamabad Stock Exchange. Investors in Islamabad stock exchange are using past performance as representative of future and investing with representativeness bias.
Papers by Dr. Waqar Badshah
Journal of Data Applications
Economies, Jun 8, 2020
Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by... more Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by Bounds test of cointegration for model selection. The aim of this paper was twofold; one was to evaluate the performance of these five routinely used information criteria {Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AICC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion (SIC/BIC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion Corrected (SICC/BICC), and Hannan and Quinn Information Criterion (HQC)} and three structured approaches (Forward Selection, Backward Elimination, and Stepwise) by assessing their size and power properties at different sample sizes based on Monte Carlo simulations, and second was the assessment of the same based on real economic data. The second aim was achieved by the evaluation of the long-run relationship between three pairs of macroeconomic variables, i.e., Energy Consumption and GDP, Oil Price and GDP, and Broad Money and GDP for BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries using Bounds cointegration test. It was found that information criteria and structured procedures have the same powers for a sample size of 50 or greater. However, BICC and Stepwise are better at small sample sizes. In the light of simulation and real data results, a modified Bounds test with Stepwise model selection procedure may be used as it is strongly theoretically supported and avoids noise in the model selection process.
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2020
Performance appraisal is one of the core activities of human resource management. This activity a... more Performance appraisal is one of the core activities of human resource management. This activity allows the determination of the degree to which the employees perform their tasks efficiently and pay fairly and completely the responsibilities they have been assigned. The process involves evaluating the results obtained, assessing the physical, intellectual, professional and managerial potential, and comparing them with the objectives and requirements of the job occupied by the employee. The evaluation must be systematic (the evaluation procedures must be part of the firm's policy) and formalized; in addition, it allows for employer-employee dialogue. The ultimate goal of assessing employee behavior is to evaluate the organization. The objective of the paper is to carry out an assessment of the staff of the HR department and the method chosen for determining the results is that of the questionnaire.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2017
Strategic management is a form of predictive management focused on anticipating changes and chang... more Strategic management is a form of predictive management focused on anticipating changes and changes to be made within the firm. Under market economy conditions, each firm, irrespective of its ownership, profile or size, needs to constantly adapt to market and environmental requirements in which it operates, to improve its economic and financial performance and its ability to compete in the report with other companies. This paper presents a research on the analysis of the diversification strategy of the product according to which that the company is constantly improving its existing products and increasing its product portfolio from year to year in order to maintain market leadership and consumer satisfaction with its products.
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2017
Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the de... more Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the development of tourism. Economically, tourism is a factor in the progress of the country's economy, with broad and positive implications for the development of the entire society, acting in the direction of introducing tourism resources into the economic circuit. Every enterprise in the tourist complex must constantly demonstrate its ability to compete and adapt, attract new customers and keep old ones, upgrading new services, implementing development strategies, and gaining a larger market share. The aim of this paper is to analyze the consumer satisfaction of tourism market in Romania and I considered that one of the most relevant methods of analyzing the Romanian tourism vision is the method of survey. Research is based on an analysis of social, psychological, economic, managerial and cultural aspects. The purpose of applying this questionnaire was to determine how it can contribute to achieving performance in the development of Romanian tourism by knowing the peculiarities of the motivation of tourists to choose the local tourism, starting from the idea that the permanent implementation of new development strategies is the secret of an efficient management.
Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development
The implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) in developing countries is represented... more The implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) in developing countries is represented by less advanced economic growth than in industrialized countries. It is reasonable to presume that different nations may have different constructs influencing GSCM adoption. Even though, there is a gap in the literature regarding the execution of GSCM in developing nations like Pakistan. This demonstrates the necessity and importance of undertaking empirical research on the variables influencing GSCM adoption from the perspective of Pakistan small and medium enterprises (SMEs). To close the gap in GSCM research, this study tries to pinpoint the variables influencing GSCM adoption among Pakistan SMEs. SPSS software version 23 is used to apply statistical techniques to the primarily obtained data. The survey form was administrated to 600 target respondents from all administrative levels. There were 210 complete and usable survey forms, showing a response rate of around 35%. First, the re...
3. SEKTÖR SOSYAL EKONOMİ DERGİSİ
Management and Administrative Sciences Review, 2017
This paper presents factors that affect to the level of employee motivation in ceramic tile manuf... more This paper presents factors that affect to the level of employee motivation in ceramic tile manufacturing industry in Sri Lanka. The labour productivity in ceramic tile industry in Sri Lanka far lower (7200 Sq.) comparing to other countries. Among the other factors that impact on productivity, employee motivation is considered as direct influencer. Therefore, this research focuses on identifying factors that influencing the employee motivation in ceramic tile manufacturing industry and identifying areas to be improved regarding the employee motivation in the sector. In order to accomplish the objectives proposed, self-administrative survey questionnaire has been used. Questionnaire was developed in two languages i.e. Sinhala and English. Data have been analysedusing SPSS and sample of 65 respondents. The findings shows pay and benefit as the most important factor in employee motivation while interpersonal relationship and job security as second and third important factors respective...
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2020
Ecoforum Journal, Aug 17, 2021
In the conditions of the competitive economy, a special role has the capitalization of the human ... more In the conditions of the competitive economy, a special role has the capitalization of the human and the managerial potential. Career management aims at planning and modeling the progress of employees within the organization in relation to the needs assessments of the organization, but also in relation to the performance of the potential and individual preferences of employees. Career involves the interaction between organizational and individual factors and this paper presents the parallelism between organizational career management (OCM) and individual career management (ICM). The purpose of this paper is to study the theoretical and applied aspects of the career. In order to highlight these aspects, a research was undertaken within an organization, which allowed the study of the career process and the major influencing factors.
This study examines the relationship between the Karachi stock exchange and macro-economic variab... more This study examines the relationship between the Karachi stock exchange and macro-economic variables. Monthly data for the time period July 2005 to April 2014 has been considered. CPI, FX, GDP, INT, Gold prices and oil prices in Pakistan are chosen as the macroeconomic variables. Unit root tests, Johansen and Juselius 1990 Cointegration, long & Short term granger causality under VECM framework along with the Sims 1980 variance decomposition and Pulse impulse response function has been employed. The analysis suggest that there is the long run cointegration among the variables and KSE and all the variables granger cause the KSE 100 index in the long run whereas in short run only forex granger cause KSE. An interesting finding is the significant explanation of variance in KSE 100 Index by the oil prices in Pakistan and the adverse response of the KSE on the one standard deviation shock to the oil prices.
This study examines the relationship between the Karachi stock exchange and macroeconomic variables.
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2019
Customer satisfaction is a marketing term that measures how products or services supplied by a co... more Customer satisfaction is a marketing term that measures how products or services supplied by a company meet or surpass a customer’s expectation. Customer satisfaction is important because it provides marketers and business owners a metric that they can use to manage and improve their businesses. This paper aims to analyze the main aspects related to customer satisfaction regarding the furniture provided by a Romanian company and includes details regarding the importance of consumer satisfaction and factors that shapes customer preferences.For better results were applied a survey regarding the consumer satisfaction on their products
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2017
Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the de... more Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the development of tourism. Economically, tourism is a factor in the progress of the country's economy, with broad and positive implications for the development of the entire society, acting in the direction of introducing tourism resources into the economic circuit. Every enterprise in the tourist complex must constantly demonstrate its ability to compete and adapt, attract new customers and keep old ones, upgrading new services, implementing development strategies, and gaining a larger market share. The aim of this paper is to analyze the consumer satisfaction of tourism market in Romania and I considered that one of the most relevant methods of analyzing the Romanian tourism vision is the method of survey. Research is based on an analysis of social, psychological, economic, managerial and cultural aspects. The purpose of applying this questionnaire was to determine how it can contribute...
Economies, 2020
Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by... more Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by Bounds test of cointegration for model selection. The aim of this paper was twofold; one was to evaluate the performance of these five routinely used information criteria {Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AICC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion (SIC/BIC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion Corrected (SICC/BICC), and Hannan and Quinn Information Criterion (HQC)} and three structured approaches (Forward Selection, Backward Elimination, and Stepwise) by assessing their size and power properties at different sample sizes based on Monte Carlo simulations, and second was the assessment of the same based on real economic data. The second aim was achieved by the evaluation of the long-run relationship between three pairs of macroeconomic variables, i.e., Energy Consumption and GDP, Oil Price and GDP, and Broad Money and GDP for BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries using Bounds cointegration test. It was found that information criteria and structured procedures have the same powers for a sample size of 50 or greater. However, BICC and Stepwise are better at small sample sizes. In the light of simulation and real data results, a modified Bounds test with Stepwise model selection procedure may be used as it is strongly theoretically supported and avoids noise in the model selection process.
This study is conducted to find out the effect of representativeness bias on investment decision ... more This study is conducted to find out the effect of representativeness bias on investment decision by using self administered questionnaires and circulated 160 questionnaires in Islamabad stock exchange and 120 questionnaire collected back, the questionnaire used in this study is taken from research paper of Chun and Ming (2008). This study used regression analysis to find out the effect of representativeness bias and results of this study show that investors are affected by representativeness bias in Islamabad Stock Exchange. Investors in Islamabad stock exchange are using past performance as representative of future and investing with representativeness bias.
Journal of Data Applications
Economies, Jun 8, 2020
Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by... more Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by Bounds test of cointegration for model selection. The aim of this paper was twofold; one was to evaluate the performance of these five routinely used information criteria {Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AICC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion (SIC/BIC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion Corrected (SICC/BICC), and Hannan and Quinn Information Criterion (HQC)} and three structured approaches (Forward Selection, Backward Elimination, and Stepwise) by assessing their size and power properties at different sample sizes based on Monte Carlo simulations, and second was the assessment of the same based on real economic data. The second aim was achieved by the evaluation of the long-run relationship between three pairs of macroeconomic variables, i.e., Energy Consumption and GDP, Oil Price and GDP, and Broad Money and GDP for BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries using Bounds cointegration test. It was found that information criteria and structured procedures have the same powers for a sample size of 50 or greater. However, BICC and Stepwise are better at small sample sizes. In the light of simulation and real data results, a modified Bounds test with Stepwise model selection procedure may be used as it is strongly theoretically supported and avoids noise in the model selection process.
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2020
Performance appraisal is one of the core activities of human resource management. This activity a... more Performance appraisal is one of the core activities of human resource management. This activity allows the determination of the degree to which the employees perform their tasks efficiently and pay fairly and completely the responsibilities they have been assigned. The process involves evaluating the results obtained, assessing the physical, intellectual, professional and managerial potential, and comparing them with the objectives and requirements of the job occupied by the employee. The evaluation must be systematic (the evaluation procedures must be part of the firm's policy) and formalized; in addition, it allows for employer-employee dialogue. The ultimate goal of assessing employee behavior is to evaluate the organization. The objective of the paper is to carry out an assessment of the staff of the HR department and the method chosen for determining the results is that of the questionnaire.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Dec 1, 2017
Strategic management is a form of predictive management focused on anticipating changes and chang... more Strategic management is a form of predictive management focused on anticipating changes and changes to be made within the firm. Under market economy conditions, each firm, irrespective of its ownership, profile or size, needs to constantly adapt to market and environmental requirements in which it operates, to improve its economic and financial performance and its ability to compete in the report with other companies. This paper presents a research on the analysis of the diversification strategy of the product according to which that the company is constantly improving its existing products and increasing its product portfolio from year to year in order to maintain market leadership and consumer satisfaction with its products.
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2017
Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the de... more Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the development of tourism. Economically, tourism is a factor in the progress of the country's economy, with broad and positive implications for the development of the entire society, acting in the direction of introducing tourism resources into the economic circuit. Every enterprise in the tourist complex must constantly demonstrate its ability to compete and adapt, attract new customers and keep old ones, upgrading new services, implementing development strategies, and gaining a larger market share. The aim of this paper is to analyze the consumer satisfaction of tourism market in Romania and I considered that one of the most relevant methods of analyzing the Romanian tourism vision is the method of survey. Research is based on an analysis of social, psychological, economic, managerial and cultural aspects. The purpose of applying this questionnaire was to determine how it can contribute to achieving performance in the development of Romanian tourism by knowing the peculiarities of the motivation of tourists to choose the local tourism, starting from the idea that the permanent implementation of new development strategies is the secret of an efficient management.
Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development
The implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) in developing countries is represented... more The implementation of green supply chain management (GSCM) in developing countries is represented by less advanced economic growth than in industrialized countries. It is reasonable to presume that different nations may have different constructs influencing GSCM adoption. Even though, there is a gap in the literature regarding the execution of GSCM in developing nations like Pakistan. This demonstrates the necessity and importance of undertaking empirical research on the variables influencing GSCM adoption from the perspective of Pakistan small and medium enterprises (SMEs). To close the gap in GSCM research, this study tries to pinpoint the variables influencing GSCM adoption among Pakistan SMEs. SPSS software version 23 is used to apply statistical techniques to the primarily obtained data. The survey form was administrated to 600 target respondents from all administrative levels. There were 210 complete and usable survey forms, showing a response rate of around 35%. First, the re...
3. SEKTÖR SOSYAL EKONOMİ DERGİSİ
Management and Administrative Sciences Review, 2017
This paper presents factors that affect to the level of employee motivation in ceramic tile manuf... more This paper presents factors that affect to the level of employee motivation in ceramic tile manufacturing industry in Sri Lanka. The labour productivity in ceramic tile industry in Sri Lanka far lower (7200 Sq.) comparing to other countries. Among the other factors that impact on productivity, employee motivation is considered as direct influencer. Therefore, this research focuses on identifying factors that influencing the employee motivation in ceramic tile manufacturing industry and identifying areas to be improved regarding the employee motivation in the sector. In order to accomplish the objectives proposed, self-administrative survey questionnaire has been used. Questionnaire was developed in two languages i.e. Sinhala and English. Data have been analysedusing SPSS and sample of 65 respondents. The findings shows pay and benefit as the most important factor in employee motivation while interpersonal relationship and job security as second and third important factors respective...
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2020
Ecoforum Journal, Aug 17, 2021
In the conditions of the competitive economy, a special role has the capitalization of the human ... more In the conditions of the competitive economy, a special role has the capitalization of the human and the managerial potential. Career management aims at planning and modeling the progress of employees within the organization in relation to the needs assessments of the organization, but also in relation to the performance of the potential and individual preferences of employees. Career involves the interaction between organizational and individual factors and this paper presents the parallelism between organizational career management (OCM) and individual career management (ICM). The purpose of this paper is to study the theoretical and applied aspects of the career. In order to highlight these aspects, a research was undertaken within an organization, which allowed the study of the career process and the major influencing factors.
This study examines the relationship between the Karachi stock exchange and macro-economic variab... more This study examines the relationship between the Karachi stock exchange and macro-economic variables. Monthly data for the time period July 2005 to April 2014 has been considered. CPI, FX, GDP, INT, Gold prices and oil prices in Pakistan are chosen as the macroeconomic variables. Unit root tests, Johansen and Juselius 1990 Cointegration, long & Short term granger causality under VECM framework along with the Sims 1980 variance decomposition and Pulse impulse response function has been employed. The analysis suggest that there is the long run cointegration among the variables and KSE and all the variables granger cause the KSE 100 index in the long run whereas in short run only forex granger cause KSE. An interesting finding is the significant explanation of variance in KSE 100 Index by the oil prices in Pakistan and the adverse response of the KSE on the one standard deviation shock to the oil prices.
This study examines the relationship between the Karachi stock exchange and macroeconomic variables.
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2019
Customer satisfaction is a marketing term that measures how products or services supplied by a co... more Customer satisfaction is a marketing term that measures how products or services supplied by a company meet or surpass a customer’s expectation. Customer satisfaction is important because it provides marketers and business owners a metric that they can use to manage and improve their businesses. This paper aims to analyze the main aspects related to customer satisfaction regarding the furniture provided by a Romanian company and includes details regarding the importance of consumer satisfaction and factors that shapes customer preferences.For better results were applied a survey regarding the consumer satisfaction on their products
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2017
Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the de... more Romania has rich and varied natural and anthropogenic resources that represent a chance in the development of tourism. Economically, tourism is a factor in the progress of the country's economy, with broad and positive implications for the development of the entire society, acting in the direction of introducing tourism resources into the economic circuit. Every enterprise in the tourist complex must constantly demonstrate its ability to compete and adapt, attract new customers and keep old ones, upgrading new services, implementing development strategies, and gaining a larger market share. The aim of this paper is to analyze the consumer satisfaction of tourism market in Romania and I considered that one of the most relevant methods of analyzing the Romanian tourism vision is the method of survey. Research is based on an analysis of social, psychological, economic, managerial and cultural aspects. The purpose of applying this questionnaire was to determine how it can contribute...
Scientific Bulletin – Economic Sciences, 2017
Strategic management is a form of predictive management focused on anticipating changes and chang... more Strategic management is a form of predictive management focused on anticipating changes and changes to be made within the firm. Under market economy conditions, each firm, irrespective of its ownership, profile or size, needs to constantly adapt to market and environmental requirements in which it operates, to improve its economic and financial performance and its ability to compete in the report with other companies. This paper presents a research on the analysis of the diversification strategy of the product according to which that the company is constantly improving its existing products and increasing its product portfolio from year to year in order to maintain market leadership and consumer satisfaction with its products.