Analía Calero - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Analía Calero
After the 2001 crisis , Argentina has traveled a path of high economic growth linked to a fast re... more After the 2001 crisis , Argentina has traveled a path of high economic growth linked to a fast restructuring of the labor market and the throwback of the worsening socioeconomic and distributive which initiated in the mid-70 's, and that deepened during the decade of the 90 's. Yet it persist a number of limitations related to job insecurity among which it they are low-paid workers, and particularly of those whose incomes are insufficient to escape from poverty (working poor), which ranges between 3% and 9% for 2011 depending if it is estimated by a lax poverty line or by a restrictive one. This study analyzes the evolution of this problem in the context of the restructuring of the economy, where it is identify the permanence of some vulnerable groups for which the fact of acceding to an employment still has not been matched with a significant improvement in the living conditions of their respective homes.
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La protección social universal, ¿debe entenderse como la supresión de los particularismos en proc... more La protección social universal, ¿debe entenderse como la supresión de los particularismos en procura de derechos sociales indiferenciados o puede convivir con dinámicas pluralistas centradas en diferencias de género, etnia o edad? La protección social universal, ¿puede ser básica y selectiva? ¿Cómo ha evolucionado la relación entre la pobreza (como condición social) y la protección social como instrumento de política pública para hacerle frente? ¿Hay suficiente claridad sobre la manera de medir e identificar la protección social? Así, el objetivo de este libro es difundir un conjunto de los trabajos presentados, los cuales respondieron éstos y otros interrogantes desde diferentes perspectivas de análisis, apoyándose en estudios de caso o comparativos en diferentes países de América Latina como Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, México, República Dominicana y Uruguay. En ellos subyace la intención de contribuir a la renovación del necesario debate teórico sobre las...
![Research paper thumbnail of Políticas de protección social, vulnerabilidad económica y enfoque de derechos [Social protection policies, economic vulnerability and right approach]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/94253524/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](Mpra Paper, May 1, 2013
Since the restoration and strengthening of democracy in Latin America, the vision of social polic... more Since the restoration and strengthening of democracy in Latin America, the vision of social policy as a guarantee of human rights, has become more relevant. On this view Government as a guarantor of basic human rights, has the responsibility to intervene with universal public policies, heterogeneous and comprehensive to provide a minimum of welfare for all citizens. The aim of this paper is to analyze the change in public policies approach in Argentina and Government role through the analysis of the Universal Child Allowance for Social Protection (AUH, 2009) and its extension to the Pregnancy Allowance for Social Protection (AxE, 2011). This measure seeks to provide access to social protection in cases where the labor path is not necessarily formal, showing a shift in social protection policies. In Argentina, the AUH has as a short term goal to reduce the poverty, extreme poverty and inequity and to break the intergenerational transmission of poverty by encouraging the formation of human capital through health and education conditionalities and coordination with programs that contribute to the realization of rights, as the "Plan Nacer" and the "Conectar Igualdad". Empirical evidence suggests that AUH has had positive impacts however, there is still a long way in reinforcing the vision of public policy that considers citizens as right subjects. On the other hand, it is also necessary to investigate the heterogeneity of the productive structure so as to articulate employment with social protection policies.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015
Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en examinar los efectos de los cambios en el s... more Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en examinar los efectos de los cambios en el salario mínimo y del principal programa de transferencias condicionadas de ingresos sobre la participación económica de la población y la informalidad laboral en Argentina. La magnitud e importancia que han alcanzado ambas políticas en el caso argentino otorgan la posibiliddd de analizar estos tópicos en profundidad. En efecto, el salario mínimo se modificó en forma periódica entre 2002 y 2014 situándose entre los más altos de la región latinoamericana mientras que el mencionado programa de transferencia de ingresos-denominado Asignación Universal por Hijo-beneficia desde su implementación a cerca del 40% de los niños residentes en el país. La evidencia obtenida sugiere que las modificaciones practicadas sobre el salario mínimo no produjeron efectos negativos sobre el empleo ni ejercieron una incidencia sustantiva sobre las probabilidades de ingresar a la informalidad. En cuanto a las transferencias condicionadas de ingresos se constató que no habrían alentado el retiro hacia la inactividad económica de los adultos de los hogares beneficiarios.
![Research paper thumbnail of Transferencias condicionadas de ingreso en Argentina: la Asignación Universal por Hijo para Protección Social [Conditional cash transfers in Argentina: Universal Allocation per Child for Social Protection]](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/92203127/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](MPRA Paper, 2010
y fomentar la inversión en capital humano, generó un amplio debate en la sociedad. En el presente... more y fomentar la inversión en capital humano, generó un amplio debate en la sociedad. En el presente trabajo se analiza el impacto del programa sobre la pobreza y los incentivos a la informalidad laboral a través de microsimulaciones. Los resultados muestran que el programa tiene efectos positivos sobre la reducción de la pobreza, principalmente en los niños, y que no genera distorsiones significativas en la elección entre formalidad e informalidad.
Universidad de Belgrano - Facultad de Ciencias Económicas - Proyectos de Investigación, 2011
Research Papers in Economics, Nov 1, 2010
One of the objectives of the State is to achieve the highest possible level os society, which is ... more One of the objectives of the State is to achieve the highest possible level os society, which is central to ensuring a level of social protection that tends to universality and coverage of socially recognized needs and contingencies such as education, health, security, old age, maternity, disability and unemployment, among others. In this context, social security, defined as the set of institutions aimed at protecting people from the circumstances described above assumes a vital role. This document aims to provide a comparative analysis of various sources of financing social security in South America countries. In particular, it describes the situation in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela. There will be description of the subsystems that make up the Social Security and analyze the particular situation of each selected by focusing on financing.
Research Papers in Economics, Nov 1, 2010
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Revista de Economía Política de Buenos Aires, 2013
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015
The objective of this study is to examine the impact that changes in minimum wage and the main in... more The objective of this study is to examine the impact that changes in minimum wage and the main income transfer programs have had on the economic participation of the population and the informal sector in Argentina. The magnitude and importance that both policies have had in the Argentine case makes it possible carry out an in-depth analysis of these topics. In effect, minimum wage was periodically modified between 2002 and 2014 to be among the highest in the Latin American region while the mentioned income transfer programcalled the Universal Child Allowancehas benefited some 40 percent of children residing in the country since its implementation. The obtained evidence suggests that modifications to minimum wage did not produce adverse effects on employment or have a substantial impact on the probabilities of entering the informal sector. Regarding the income transfers, it was possible to confirm that it did not encourage adults in beneficiary households to become economically inactive.
The Neoclassical Theory assumes that individuals are essentially selfish and maximize the utility... more The Neoclassical Theory assumes that individuals are essentially selfish and maximize the utility of their income, measured on some utility scale. It defines the rationality of individuals based on preference relations, which should not change by the context. However, it is a fact that individuals do not generally use these “market rules” with their families, friends, colleagues or in their neighborhoods. This behavior has been seen as “Bounded rationality” or “failures” in the individual’s behavior. The main objective of this paper is to explore this kind of behavior and pose some questions about how institutions influence the preferences and decisions of individuals in some contexts. The assumption we have is: In reality, the homo economicus considers context as additional information and reacts on that basis. He adapts to the community with which he interacts as a matter of “survival”. We conclude that there is a “Broader rationality” in that behavior, which goes beyond the one d...
The main objective of this paper is to make a first exploration of inequalities experienced by yo... more The main objective of this paper is to make a first exploration of inequalities experienced by youth within them and bewteen other age groups, from a multidimensional perspective. Taking the case of Argentina for the period 2004-2014, the following topics are explored individually: employment, wages, education, access and use of new information technologies , health and time use. The results show that significant achievements have been made in several indicators, as well as the availability of new sources of information. There are still certain heterogeneities that require further progress in the adoption of specific policies aimed at improving the intergenerational welfare.
After the 2001 crisis , Argentina has traveled a path of high economic growth linked to a fast re... more After the 2001 crisis , Argentina has traveled a path of high economic growth linked to a fast restructuring of the labor market and the throwback of the worsening socioeconomic and distributive which initiated in the mid-70 's, and that deepened during the decade of the 90 's. Yet it persist a number of limitations related to job insecurity among which it they are low-paid workers, and particularly of those whose incomes are insufficient to escape from poverty (working poor), which ranges between 3% and 9% for 2011 depending if it is estimated by a lax poverty line or by a restrictive one. This study analyzes the evolution of this problem in the context of the restructuring of the economy, where it is identify the permanence of some vulnerable groups for which the fact of acceding to an employment still has not been matched with a significant improvement in the living conditions of their respective homes.
[
La protección social universal, ¿debe entenderse como la supresión de los particularismos en proc... more La protección social universal, ¿debe entenderse como la supresión de los particularismos en procura de derechos sociales indiferenciados o puede convivir con dinámicas pluralistas centradas en diferencias de género, etnia o edad? La protección social universal, ¿puede ser básica y selectiva? ¿Cómo ha evolucionado la relación entre la pobreza (como condición social) y la protección social como instrumento de política pública para hacerle frente? ¿Hay suficiente claridad sobre la manera de medir e identificar la protección social? Así, el objetivo de este libro es difundir un conjunto de los trabajos presentados, los cuales respondieron éstos y otros interrogantes desde diferentes perspectivas de análisis, apoyándose en estudios de caso o comparativos en diferentes países de América Latina como Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, México, República Dominicana y Uruguay. En ellos subyace la intención de contribuir a la renovación del necesario debate teórico sobre las...
Mpra Paper, May 1, 2013
Since the restoration and strengthening of democracy in Latin America, the vision of social polic... more Since the restoration and strengthening of democracy in Latin America, the vision of social policy as a guarantee of human rights, has become more relevant. On this view Government as a guarantor of basic human rights, has the responsibility to intervene with universal public policies, heterogeneous and comprehensive to provide a minimum of welfare for all citizens. The aim of this paper is to analyze the change in public policies approach in Argentina and Government role through the analysis of the Universal Child Allowance for Social Protection (AUH, 2009) and its extension to the Pregnancy Allowance for Social Protection (AxE, 2011). This measure seeks to provide access to social protection in cases where the labor path is not necessarily formal, showing a shift in social protection policies. In Argentina, the AUH has as a short term goal to reduce the poverty, extreme poverty and inequity and to break the intergenerational transmission of poverty by encouraging the formation of human capital through health and education conditionalities and coordination with programs that contribute to the realization of rights, as the "Plan Nacer" and the "Conectar Igualdad". Empirical evidence suggests that AUH has had positive impacts however, there is still a long way in reinforcing the vision of public policy that considers citizens as right subjects. On the other hand, it is also necessary to investigate the heterogeneity of the productive structure so as to articulate employment with social protection policies.
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015
Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en examinar los efectos de los cambios en el s... more Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en examinar los efectos de los cambios en el salario mínimo y del principal programa de transferencias condicionadas de ingresos sobre la participación económica de la población y la informalidad laboral en Argentina. La magnitud e importancia que han alcanzado ambas políticas en el caso argentino otorgan la posibiliddd de analizar estos tópicos en profundidad. En efecto, el salario mínimo se modificó en forma periódica entre 2002 y 2014 situándose entre los más altos de la región latinoamericana mientras que el mencionado programa de transferencia de ingresos-denominado Asignación Universal por Hijo-beneficia desde su implementación a cerca del 40% de los niños residentes en el país. La evidencia obtenida sugiere que las modificaciones practicadas sobre el salario mínimo no produjeron efectos negativos sobre el empleo ni ejercieron una incidencia sustantiva sobre las probabilidades de ingresar a la informalidad. En cuanto a las transferencias condicionadas de ingresos se constató que no habrían alentado el retiro hacia la inactividad económica de los adultos de los hogares beneficiarios.
MPRA Paper, 2010
y fomentar la inversión en capital humano, generó un amplio debate en la sociedad. En el presente... more y fomentar la inversión en capital humano, generó un amplio debate en la sociedad. En el presente trabajo se analiza el impacto del programa sobre la pobreza y los incentivos a la informalidad laboral a través de microsimulaciones. Los resultados muestran que el programa tiene efectos positivos sobre la reducción de la pobreza, principalmente en los niños, y que no genera distorsiones significativas en la elección entre formalidad e informalidad.
Universidad de Belgrano - Facultad de Ciencias Económicas - Proyectos de Investigación, 2011
Research Papers in Economics, Nov 1, 2010
One of the objectives of the State is to achieve the highest possible level os society, which is ... more One of the objectives of the State is to achieve the highest possible level os society, which is central to ensuring a level of social protection that tends to universality and coverage of socially recognized needs and contingencies such as education, health, security, old age, maternity, disability and unemployment, among others. In this context, social security, defined as the set of institutions aimed at protecting people from the circumstances described above assumes a vital role. This document aims to provide a comparative analysis of various sources of financing social security in South America countries. In particular, it describes the situation in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela. There will be description of the subsystems that make up the Social Security and analyze the particular situation of each selected by focusing on financing.
Research Papers in Economics, Nov 1, 2010
[
Revista de Economía Política de Buenos Aires, 2013
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015
The objective of this study is to examine the impact that changes in minimum wage and the main in... more The objective of this study is to examine the impact that changes in minimum wage and the main income transfer programs have had on the economic participation of the population and the informal sector in Argentina. The magnitude and importance that both policies have had in the Argentine case makes it possible carry out an in-depth analysis of these topics. In effect, minimum wage was periodically modified between 2002 and 2014 to be among the highest in the Latin American region while the mentioned income transfer programcalled the Universal Child Allowancehas benefited some 40 percent of children residing in the country since its implementation. The obtained evidence suggests that modifications to minimum wage did not produce adverse effects on employment or have a substantial impact on the probabilities of entering the informal sector. Regarding the income transfers, it was possible to confirm that it did not encourage adults in beneficiary households to become economically inactive.
The Neoclassical Theory assumes that individuals are essentially selfish and maximize the utility... more The Neoclassical Theory assumes that individuals are essentially selfish and maximize the utility of their income, measured on some utility scale. It defines the rationality of individuals based on preference relations, which should not change by the context. However, it is a fact that individuals do not generally use these “market rules” with their families, friends, colleagues or in their neighborhoods. This behavior has been seen as “Bounded rationality” or “failures” in the individual’s behavior. The main objective of this paper is to explore this kind of behavior and pose some questions about how institutions influence the preferences and decisions of individuals in some contexts. The assumption we have is: In reality, the homo economicus considers context as additional information and reacts on that basis. He adapts to the community with which he interacts as a matter of “survival”. We conclude that there is a “Broader rationality” in that behavior, which goes beyond the one d...
The main objective of this paper is to make a first exploration of inequalities experienced by yo... more The main objective of this paper is to make a first exploration of inequalities experienced by youth within them and bewteen other age groups, from a multidimensional perspective. Taking the case of Argentina for the period 2004-2014, the following topics are explored individually: employment, wages, education, access and use of new information technologies , health and time use. The results show that significant achievements have been made in several indicators, as well as the availability of new sources of information. There are still certain heterogeneities that require further progress in the adoption of specific policies aimed at improving the intergenerational welfare.