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Papers by Boris Rashkovskiy
The Earliest States of Eastern Europe, 2002
The paper represents an introduction to a Russian translation of the first part of rabbi Petaḥiah... more The paper represents an introduction to a Russian translation of the first part of rabbi Petaḥiah of Regensburg’s account of his travel to the Middle East. For his publication, the author had selected the portion of the text, that deals with the rabbi Petaḥiah’s way from Prague to Nisibis. This is the first Russian translation of rabbi Petaḥiah’s text based on L. Grünhut’s critical edition (Frankfurt-am-Main, 1905) as well as the primary manuscript evidences and the first printed version of the source
published in 1595 in Prague. The same portion of rabbi Petaḥiah’s text according to the Warsaw manuscript recently discovered and published by A. David (1996) is also translated into Russian. The author argues that Petaḥiah crossed the Black Sea from Eastern Crimea and after that traveled to the land of Ararat around Nisibis across the land of Togarma, which was under the control of the Seljuk Turks.
The Earliest States of Eastern Europe, 2021
The author examines the pieces of evidence of early medieval Jewish travelers of the 9th —12th ce... more The author examines the pieces of evidence of early medieval Jewish travelers of the 9th —12th centuries about the contacts between Eastern Europe and the world of Islam. This information confirms the reality of the trade route of the Jewish traders arRadhaniya through Central and Eastern Europe to Central Asia described by Ibn Khordadbeh, as well as the evidence of Ibrahim Ibn Yakub about the existence of regular trade relations between the Polish, Russian and Czech lands since the middle of the 10th century. The reality of the existence of the route between Rus’ and Central Europe can be confirmed not only by the data of Ibrahim ibn Yakub’s contemporary, Hasdai ibn Shaprut, but also by the writings of the authors of the late 12th century — Benjamin of Tudela and Petakhiah of Regensburg. The author also examines the evidence about the links between the Jewish communities of Central and Eastern Europe and the Middle East not related to trade. The latter includes pilgrimage practices associated with visits to biblical monuments and holy places in Palestine and Babylonia and the appeal of the Jewish communities of Central and Eastern Europe to the Middle Eastern religious authorities. Some testimonies of sources that have not been previously translated into Russian are published in this paper. Among them, there is a complete Russian translation of an 11th-century letter from Thessaloniki community about Jewish pilgrims from Rus’ to the Middle East. The article also contains a new translation of fragments of the “Book of Travels” of Benjamin of Tudela on Rus’ and Eastern Europe into Russian, based on E. Adler’s critical editions (London, 1907) and some early manuscripts.
The Earliest States of Eastern Europe, 2019
The article deals with the main historical-geographical and linguistic problems of the study of K... more The article deals with the main historical-geographical and linguistic problems of the study of Khazar Caghan Joseph’s Reply to the letter written by Hasday ibn Shaprut. The author argues that the original text of the Long version of the letter was written comparatively early: not later than in the 12th — 13th centuries and was not edited by East European or Middle Eastern Karaits during the Middle Ages. The text of the letter (with the exception of one toponym) does not contain any traces of editing of the manuscript made by its owner in the second half of the 19th century or the scholars of that time.
The Long Version of Joseph’s Reply is just one of several works in the Hebrew manuscript Evr. II A 157 of Abraham Firkovitch’ 2nd collection. Since the hand of one medieval scribe wrote the entire manuscript, some possible arguments for the dating of the whole manuscript could be found in any of its parts. Thus, on folio 5a–b of this manuscript there is a colophon with a reference to certain historical persons — members of the Jewish rabbanite community of Jerusalem in the 11th century. One of them — Samuel ben Ezrun was alive in the first half and the middle of this century. Therefore, the second part of the 11th century could be the possible earliest date of the whole manuscript. The possible latest date of this manuscript can be determined after a separate study.
The World of the Orient, 2016
Slovene, 2017
* Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаим... more * Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаимодействий в текстах устной и письменной культуры: Славяне и евреи".
Tirosh. Jewish, Slavic & Oriental Studies
The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam Olearius (1599–1671), a German travel... more The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam Olearius (1599–1671), a German traveler, orientalist and a member of the Holstein embassy sent in 1635–39 to Muscovy and Safavid Iran. In December 1635 Olearius had copied this inscription from the wall of a caravanserai located at the foot of the Besh Barmag Mountain (today’s territory of the Siazan’ district of the Republic of Azerbaijan). Later he published it in the first [Schleßwig, 1647] and subsequent lifetime editions of his account on Persian and Muscovite journeys. The author proposes his reconstruction and translation of the text of the above mentioned inscription. He argues that this inscription was a fragment of a text mentioning a certain Faraj, son of Yitzhak. The inscription dates back to 1537 according to the Seleucid era or the years 1224/5 AD. The author considers this inscription to be an epigraphic confirmation of the testimony of another Western European traveler – William (or Guillaume) Rubruck who ha...
* Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаим... more * Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаимодействий в текстах устной и письменной культуры: Славяне и евреи".
Drevneishie gosudarstva Vostochnoi Evropy
Drevneishie gosudarstva Vostochnoi Evropy, 2020
Slavic & Jewish Cultures: Dialogue, Similarities, Differences, 2019
Енциклопедія історії України, 2001
Cтаття у Першому додатковому томі "Енциклопедії історії України" (An article in the first additio... more Cтаття у Першому додатковому томі "Енциклопедії історії України" (An article in the first additional volume of the "Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine").
Тирош: Труды по иудаике, славистике, ориенталистике , 2021
The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam Olearius (1599–1671), a German travel... more The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam
Olearius (1599–1671), a German traveler, orientalist, and a member of
the Holstein embassy sent in 1635–39 to Muscovy and Safavid Iran.
In December 1635 Olearius had copied this inscription from the wall of
a caravanserai located at the foot of the Besh Barmag Mountain (today’s
territory of the Siazan’ district of the Republic of Azerbaijan). Later he
published it in the first [Schleßwig, 1647] and subsequent lifetime editions
of his account of Persian and Muscovite journeys. The author
proposes his reconstruction and translation of the text of the abovementioned inscription. He argues that this inscription was a fragment of a text mentioning a certain Faraj, son of Yitzhak. The inscription dates back to 1537 according to the Seleucid era or the years 1224/5 AD. The considers this inscription to be an epigraphic confirmation of the testimony of another Western European traveler – William (or Guillaume) Rubruck who had visited the Jewish communities of Transcaucasia in 1254. The stone block with a fragment of the text of the inscription was used in the construction of the caravanserai when Jewish communities seen by Rubruck had left this region or disappeared.
ISTORIYA
The article comprises a review of a new volume of the academic series "Peoples and cultures" publ... more The article comprises a review of a new volume of the academic series "Peoples and cultures" published by the Institute of "Ethnology and Anthropology" of Russian Academy of Sciences (Евреи / отв. ред. Т. Г. Емельяненко, Е. Э. Носенко-Штейн. Институт этнологии и антропологии им. Н. Н. Миклухо-Маклая РАН). The articles of the volume describe the material culture and ethnography of the Jews especially dealing with the communities of Russia and Eastern Europe. One of the most important achievements of the volume is a huge number of ethnographic field materials collected by its authors in different regions of the former Soviet Union and Russian Empire. Most of its articles (with a few exceptions mentioned in the review) are written at a high scholarly level. Therefore, this volume will occupy an important place among the Russian language reference literature on Judaica.
Славяноведение, 2009
История изучения Иосиппона во второй половине XX в (его вступительно главы - "Таблицы народов") ... more История изучения Иосиппона во второй половине XX в (его вступительно главы - "Таблицы народов") - от Давида Флюссера до Шуламит Селы).
A story of the studies of the Book of Jossippon (especially it's the first chapter - "The table of nations" ) in the 2nd part of the 20th century: since the times of David Flusser and up to Shulamit Sela.
A re-edition of the text of the first evidence on Rus' people in medieval Judae-Arabic Biblical E... more A re-edition of the text of the first evidence on Rus' people in medieval Judae-Arabic Biblical Exegesis. The text of Jerusalemite Karaite Yefet ben Eli's commentary on Ezekiel 38:1-6 mentioning Rus' as Gog and Magog is known since the publication by A.E. Harkavy in Russian-Jewish and Hebrew magazines. In this paper, the original Judaeo-Arabic text is republished with an English translation and commentaries based on the manuscripts of the Russian National Library and the Institute of the Oriental Manuscripts in St. Petersburg.
"Abbot of Russian Land, a rabbi from Regensburg and Andalusian faqih in Eastern Europe and the Mi... more "Abbot of Russian Land, a rabbi from Regensburg and Andalusian faqih in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. A pilgrimage as a social and cultural practice in the 12th century".
A short comparative study of the travels of abbot Daniel of Chernihiv, rabbi Petakhiah of Regensburg and Abu Hamid al-Garnati.
Вещь-знак-символ в славянской и еврейской культурной традиции, 2019
The article deals with the interpretation of the collection of accounts about Ten Lost Tribes of ... more The article deals with the interpretation of the collection of accounts about Ten Lost Tribes of Israel, published by Yitzhak Akrish in 1577 in Istanbul. The texts published in this anthology were typical for the Ten Tribes in search in Jewish literature of that period. The search for the Tribes was provoked by Spanishand Portuguese exile in 1492–1497, the Turkish conquest of the Middle East and Turkish-Portuguese rivalry in Indian ocean in the first half and the middle of the 16th century. The Khazarian-Hebrew correspondence was also published in the same anthology and the publisher’s information on it is placed in context of
accounts of the land Lost Tribes’ lands in the Red Sea region. Notwithstanding this fact, Akrish was well acquainted with Samuel Shullam of Cairo who pub lished in 1566 in Istanbul an edition of Sefer Yuhasin by Abraham Zacuto – the work that contains some evidences of real historical and geographical situation of Khazaria.
The Earliest States of Eastern Europe, 2002
The paper represents an introduction to a Russian translation of the first part of rabbi Petaḥiah... more The paper represents an introduction to a Russian translation of the first part of rabbi Petaḥiah of Regensburg’s account of his travel to the Middle East. For his publication, the author had selected the portion of the text, that deals with the rabbi Petaḥiah’s way from Prague to Nisibis. This is the first Russian translation of rabbi Petaḥiah’s text based on L. Grünhut’s critical edition (Frankfurt-am-Main, 1905) as well as the primary manuscript evidences and the first printed version of the source
published in 1595 in Prague. The same portion of rabbi Petaḥiah’s text according to the Warsaw manuscript recently discovered and published by A. David (1996) is also translated into Russian. The author argues that Petaḥiah crossed the Black Sea from Eastern Crimea and after that traveled to the land of Ararat around Nisibis across the land of Togarma, which was under the control of the Seljuk Turks.
The Earliest States of Eastern Europe, 2021
The author examines the pieces of evidence of early medieval Jewish travelers of the 9th —12th ce... more The author examines the pieces of evidence of early medieval Jewish travelers of the 9th —12th centuries about the contacts between Eastern Europe and the world of Islam. This information confirms the reality of the trade route of the Jewish traders arRadhaniya through Central and Eastern Europe to Central Asia described by Ibn Khordadbeh, as well as the evidence of Ibrahim Ibn Yakub about the existence of regular trade relations between the Polish, Russian and Czech lands since the middle of the 10th century. The reality of the existence of the route between Rus’ and Central Europe can be confirmed not only by the data of Ibrahim ibn Yakub’s contemporary, Hasdai ibn Shaprut, but also by the writings of the authors of the late 12th century — Benjamin of Tudela and Petakhiah of Regensburg. The author also examines the evidence about the links between the Jewish communities of Central and Eastern Europe and the Middle East not related to trade. The latter includes pilgrimage practices associated with visits to biblical monuments and holy places in Palestine and Babylonia and the appeal of the Jewish communities of Central and Eastern Europe to the Middle Eastern religious authorities. Some testimonies of sources that have not been previously translated into Russian are published in this paper. Among them, there is a complete Russian translation of an 11th-century letter from Thessaloniki community about Jewish pilgrims from Rus’ to the Middle East. The article also contains a new translation of fragments of the “Book of Travels” of Benjamin of Tudela on Rus’ and Eastern Europe into Russian, based on E. Adler’s critical editions (London, 1907) and some early manuscripts.
The Earliest States of Eastern Europe, 2019
The article deals with the main historical-geographical and linguistic problems of the study of K... more The article deals with the main historical-geographical and linguistic problems of the study of Khazar Caghan Joseph’s Reply to the letter written by Hasday ibn Shaprut. The author argues that the original text of the Long version of the letter was written comparatively early: not later than in the 12th — 13th centuries and was not edited by East European or Middle Eastern Karaits during the Middle Ages. The text of the letter (with the exception of one toponym) does not contain any traces of editing of the manuscript made by its owner in the second half of the 19th century or the scholars of that time.
The Long Version of Joseph’s Reply is just one of several works in the Hebrew manuscript Evr. II A 157 of Abraham Firkovitch’ 2nd collection. Since the hand of one medieval scribe wrote the entire manuscript, some possible arguments for the dating of the whole manuscript could be found in any of its parts. Thus, on folio 5a–b of this manuscript there is a colophon with a reference to certain historical persons — members of the Jewish rabbanite community of Jerusalem in the 11th century. One of them — Samuel ben Ezrun was alive in the first half and the middle of this century. Therefore, the second part of the 11th century could be the possible earliest date of the whole manuscript. The possible latest date of this manuscript can be determined after a separate study.
The World of the Orient, 2016
Slovene, 2017
* Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаим... more * Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаимодействий в текстах устной и письменной культуры: Славяне и евреи".
Tirosh. Jewish, Slavic & Oriental Studies
The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam Olearius (1599–1671), a German travel... more The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam Olearius (1599–1671), a German traveler, orientalist and a member of the Holstein embassy sent in 1635–39 to Muscovy and Safavid Iran. In December 1635 Olearius had copied this inscription from the wall of a caravanserai located at the foot of the Besh Barmag Mountain (today’s territory of the Siazan’ district of the Republic of Azerbaijan). Later he published it in the first [Schleßwig, 1647] and subsequent lifetime editions of his account on Persian and Muscovite journeys. The author proposes his reconstruction and translation of the text of the above mentioned inscription. He argues that this inscription was a fragment of a text mentioning a certain Faraj, son of Yitzhak. The inscription dates back to 1537 according to the Seleucid era or the years 1224/5 AD. The author considers this inscription to be an epigraphic confirmation of the testimony of another Western European traveler – William (or Guillaume) Rubruck who ha...
* Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаим... more * Работа выполнена при поддержке гранта РНФ 15-18-00143 "Проблемы межэтнических контактов и взаимодействий в текстах устной и письменной культуры: Славяне и евреи".
Drevneishie gosudarstva Vostochnoi Evropy
Drevneishie gosudarstva Vostochnoi Evropy, 2020
Slavic & Jewish Cultures: Dialogue, Similarities, Differences, 2019
Енциклопедія історії України, 2001
Cтаття у Першому додатковому томі "Енциклопедії історії України" (An article in the first additio... more Cтаття у Першому додатковому томі "Енциклопедії історії України" (An article in the first additional volume of the "Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine").
Тирош: Труды по иудаике, славистике, ориенталистике , 2021
The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam Olearius (1599–1671), a German travel... more The author discusses a Jewish inscription published by Adam
Olearius (1599–1671), a German traveler, orientalist, and a member of
the Holstein embassy sent in 1635–39 to Muscovy and Safavid Iran.
In December 1635 Olearius had copied this inscription from the wall of
a caravanserai located at the foot of the Besh Barmag Mountain (today’s
territory of the Siazan’ district of the Republic of Azerbaijan). Later he
published it in the first [Schleßwig, 1647] and subsequent lifetime editions
of his account of Persian and Muscovite journeys. The author
proposes his reconstruction and translation of the text of the abovementioned inscription. He argues that this inscription was a fragment of a text mentioning a certain Faraj, son of Yitzhak. The inscription dates back to 1537 according to the Seleucid era or the years 1224/5 AD. The considers this inscription to be an epigraphic confirmation of the testimony of another Western European traveler – William (or Guillaume) Rubruck who had visited the Jewish communities of Transcaucasia in 1254. The stone block with a fragment of the text of the inscription was used in the construction of the caravanserai when Jewish communities seen by Rubruck had left this region or disappeared.
ISTORIYA
The article comprises a review of a new volume of the academic series "Peoples and cultures" publ... more The article comprises a review of a new volume of the academic series "Peoples and cultures" published by the Institute of "Ethnology and Anthropology" of Russian Academy of Sciences (Евреи / отв. ред. Т. Г. Емельяненко, Е. Э. Носенко-Штейн. Институт этнологии и антропологии им. Н. Н. Миклухо-Маклая РАН). The articles of the volume describe the material culture and ethnography of the Jews especially dealing with the communities of Russia and Eastern Europe. One of the most important achievements of the volume is a huge number of ethnographic field materials collected by its authors in different regions of the former Soviet Union and Russian Empire. Most of its articles (with a few exceptions mentioned in the review) are written at a high scholarly level. Therefore, this volume will occupy an important place among the Russian language reference literature on Judaica.
Славяноведение, 2009
История изучения Иосиппона во второй половине XX в (его вступительно главы - "Таблицы народов") ... more История изучения Иосиппона во второй половине XX в (его вступительно главы - "Таблицы народов") - от Давида Флюссера до Шуламит Селы).
A story of the studies of the Book of Jossippon (especially it's the first chapter - "The table of nations" ) in the 2nd part of the 20th century: since the times of David Flusser and up to Shulamit Sela.
A re-edition of the text of the first evidence on Rus' people in medieval Judae-Arabic Biblical E... more A re-edition of the text of the first evidence on Rus' people in medieval Judae-Arabic Biblical Exegesis. The text of Jerusalemite Karaite Yefet ben Eli's commentary on Ezekiel 38:1-6 mentioning Rus' as Gog and Magog is known since the publication by A.E. Harkavy in Russian-Jewish and Hebrew magazines. In this paper, the original Judaeo-Arabic text is republished with an English translation and commentaries based on the manuscripts of the Russian National Library and the Institute of the Oriental Manuscripts in St. Petersburg.
"Abbot of Russian Land, a rabbi from Regensburg and Andalusian faqih in Eastern Europe and the Mi... more "Abbot of Russian Land, a rabbi from Regensburg and Andalusian faqih in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. A pilgrimage as a social and cultural practice in the 12th century".
A short comparative study of the travels of abbot Daniel of Chernihiv, rabbi Petakhiah of Regensburg and Abu Hamid al-Garnati.
Вещь-знак-символ в славянской и еврейской культурной традиции, 2019
The article deals with the interpretation of the collection of accounts about Ten Lost Tribes of ... more The article deals with the interpretation of the collection of accounts about Ten Lost Tribes of Israel, published by Yitzhak Akrish in 1577 in Istanbul. The texts published in this anthology were typical for the Ten Tribes in search in Jewish literature of that period. The search for the Tribes was provoked by Spanishand Portuguese exile in 1492–1497, the Turkish conquest of the Middle East and Turkish-Portuguese rivalry in Indian ocean in the first half and the middle of the 16th century. The Khazarian-Hebrew correspondence was also published in the same anthology and the publisher’s information on it is placed in context of
accounts of the land Lost Tribes’ lands in the Red Sea region. Notwithstanding this fact, Akrish was well acquainted with Samuel Shullam of Cairo who pub lished in 1566 in Istanbul an edition of Sefer Yuhasin by Abraham Zacuto – the work that contains some evidences of real historical and geographical situation of Khazaria.
Статья представляет собой рецензию на очередной том серии «Народы и культуры», опубликованный «Ин... more Статья представляет собой рецензию на очередной том серии «Народы и культуры», опубликованный «Институтом этнологии и антропологии РАН» и посвященный народной и материальной культуре евреев (Евреи / отв. ред. Т. Г. Емельяненко, Е. Э. Носенко-Штейн. Институт этнологии и антропологии им. Н. Н. Миклухо-Маклая РАН). Проблемы этнической истории и культуры евреев с древнейших времен рассматриваются в издании, главным образом, на примере российского и восточно-европейского еврейства. Большим достоинством издания является использование и обобщение собранных авторами полевых материалов. Большинство статей тома (за немногими исключениями, упомянутыми в рецензии) написаны на высоком научном уровне. И потому можно быть уверенным, что со временем рецензируемое издание займет важное место среди справочной русскоязычной литературы по иудаике.
Рецензия на сборник Кенааниты: Евреи в средневековом славянском мире / Jews and Slavs / Под. ред.... more Рецензия на сборник Кенааниты: Евреи в средневековом славянском мире / Jews and Slavs / Под. ред. В. Московича, М. Членова, А. Торпусмана. М.; Иерусалим, 2014. Vol. 24. 574 с. // Славяноведение 2016. №2. С. 120-125.
Обзор средневековых источников о Дербенте на иврите и иудео-арабском языке.