John Lawrence Griffin - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Research Papers by John Lawrence Griffin

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, Johanne Dodon, John Lawrence Griffin, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Muriel Mae Ranger, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, and Madeline Michaels

Immunomodulatory Activity of Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation in Sprague Dawley Rats: Evidence for Humoral and Cell-Mediated Responses, Dec 11, 2017

Herbomineral formulations are used extensively in the world-wide for the prevention and treatment... more Herbomineral formulations are used extensively in the world-wide for the prevention and treatment of a wide range of disorders. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated consisted of an ashwagandha root extract and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The experimental parameters studies were humoral immune response (primary and secondary titre), delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, animal weight parameters, feed and water intake, histopathology, hematological and serum biochemistry. The humoral immune response exhibited that both the primary and secondary hemagglutination (HA) antibody titre levels were significantly altered by 14.79% and 12.89%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G4) compared to the disease control group (G2). The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was significantly (p≤0.05) increased by 55.56% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The hematological results revealed that the platelet count was significantly increased by 8.46% in the G4 group with respect to the G2 group. Moreover, the level of phosphorus was significantly increased by 11.16% and 16.35% in the levamisole (G3) and G4 groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. In conclusion, the Biofield Energy Treated Test Formulation would be the powerful immunomodulatory product, which was found safe at the tested doses. Therefore, The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing based herbomineral formulation can be applied to potentiate the immune system that helps to fight against many infectious diseases. Overall, these data suggest that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, Johanne Dodon, John Lawrence Griffin, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Kathryn Sweas, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Muriel Mae Ranger, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Karen Byrnes Allen, Lezley Wright, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, and Madeline Michaels

Evaluation of Immune Biomarkers After Oral Administration of the Novel Herbomineral Formulation Treated with The Trivedi Effect® - Biofield Energy Healing in Male Sprague Dawley Rats, Dec 11, 2017

Herbomineral formulations have been used worldwide against various chronic and degenerative disea... more Herbomineral formulations have been used worldwide against various chronic and degenerative diseases due to its fewer side effects. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated consisted of an ashwagandha root extract and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Biomarkers like immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM), cluster differentiation (CD4+), CD8+, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) were monitored. The level of IgM was increased by 4.76% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) compared to the disease control group (G2). The levels of CD4+ and CD8+ counts were significantly (p≤0.01) increased by 222.22% and 355.36% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The level of lymphocyte was increased by 5% and eosinophil count was significantly decreased by 75% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The lipid biomarkers such as total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly lowered by 9.70%, 6.67%, and 23.54%, respectively in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The expression of SOD was reduced by 9.96% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. Further, LPO expression was significantly reduced by 33.38% and 16.88% in the G4 and untreated test formulation (G5) groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed significantly improved the cellular and humoral immunity, hematological and biochemical profile compared with the untreated test formulation. As a result, it can be established that The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing has the significant capacity for immunomodulatory effect, which may also be useful in organ transplants, anti-aging, and stress management by improving overall health and quality of life.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Muriel Mae Ranger, Johanne Dodon, and Madeline Michaels

Study of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Ashwagandha Root Extract by LC-MS, GC-MS, and NMR Spectroscopy, Apr 18, 2017

Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) contains many biologically active constituents used for the prev... more Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) contains many biologically active constituents used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on the characteristic properties of the ashwagandha root extract using LC-MS, GC-MS, and NMR spectroscopy. Ashwagandha root extract was divided into two parts – one part was control (without treatment), while another part was treated with the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample. LC-MS data revealed that the retention time of the phytoconstituents remained same in the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples, whereas the peak area% i.e. the relative amount of the phytoconstituents was significantly altered. The peak area% at Rt of 5.1, 5.7, 6.4, 6.6, 6.9, 7.1, 7.4, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.2, 8.5, and 8.9 minutes of the treated sample were increased in the range of 0.92% to 14.67% compared to the control sample. On the contrary, the peak area% of the treated sample at Rt of 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 6.8, 8.1, 8.4, 8.6, 9.0, 9.1, and 9.2 minutes were decreased by 1.59% to 36.69% with respect to the control sample. A total of 14 withanolides such as sitoindoside IX, dihydrowithanolide D, withanolide A, withaferin A, ixocarpalactone A, withanolide S, withanolide sulfoxide, etc. were proposed with their structure from the molecular mass at m/z 605, 489, 473, 471, 505, and 992 at retention times of 6.9, 7.1, 7.9, 8.2, 8.5, and 9.3 minutes with the help of LC-MS, GC-MS and NMR data of both the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples. Consequently, the mass peak intensities of the treated sample were significantly changed in the range of -36.67% to 106% compared with the control sample at the same retention time. These findings suggest that Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment could be advantageous for altering the concentration of the phytoconstituents in the ashwagandha root extract by modifying their intrinsic physicochemical properties, which might be helpful to improve the bioavailability of active constituents of ashwagandha extract that might provide better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, arthritis, stress, cancer, diabetes, sexual disorders, aging, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on Withania somnifera Root Extract and Its Effects on the Physical, Spectroscopic, Thermal and Behavioral Properties, May 9, 2017

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is useful as an herbal medicine and nutraceuticals for the preve... more Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is useful as an herbal medicine and nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of anxiety, insomnia, tuberculosis, tumors, menstrual problems, etc. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the influence of The Trivedi Effect® - Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physical, spectroscopic, thermal and behavioral properties of ashwagandha root extract using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, TGA, and DSC analysis. Ashwagandha root extract was divided into two parts – one part was control without any Biofield Energy Treatment and another part was treated with the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as Biofield Energy Treated sample. The PXRD analysis demonstrated that both the control and treated samples were amorphous in nature. The particle size values at d10, d50, and d90 of the treated sample were decreased significantly by 18.88%, 8.60%, and 4.00%, respectively compared with the control sample. Similarly, the surface area of the treated sample was significantly increased by 102.63% compared to the control sample. FT-IR results suggest that there was a small impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on ashwagandha root extract at the atomic level to reduce the force constant of O-H (str.) bond. UV-vis analysis revealed that the wavelength for the maximum absorbance of the control and treated samples were at 207.4 and 207.7 nm, respectively. TGA revealed the three steps of thermal degradation steps and the total weight loss was decreased by 0.13% in the treated sample compared with the control sample. Consequently, the maximum thermal degradation temperature at 272.73°C and 393.14°C for two broad peaks in treated sample was increased by 1.13% and 0.85%, respectively compared to the control the sample (269.68°C and 389.83°C). DSC analysis indicated that the evaporation temperature and latent heat of vaporization was increased by 1.35% and 5.52%, respectively in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The current findings suggested that The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might have the astounding capacity to enhance the solubility, absorption, dissolution, bioavailability and thermal stability of ashwagandha root extract in various form of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulation by modifying its particle size and surface area. Thus, the treated ashwagandha root extract might provide better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, arthritis, sexual disorders, stress, cancer, diabetes, ageing, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Evaluation of the Physicochemical, Structural, Thermal, and Behavioral Properties of the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treated Zinc Chloride, Apr 1, 2017

Zinc chloride is a source of zinc used in various pharmaceutical/nutraceutical formulations. The ... more Zinc chloride is a source of zinc used in various pharmaceutical/nutraceutical formulations. The objective of the current study was to investigate the impact of The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Treatment) on physical, structural, thermal, and behavioral properties of zinc chloride using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis, and DSC analysis. Zinc chloride was divided into two parts – one part was control, while another part was treated with The Trivedi Effect® remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as The Trivedi Effect® Treated sample. A significant alteration of the crystallite size and relative intensities of the PXRD peaks was observed in The Trivedi Effect® treated sample compared with the control sample. The average crystallite size of the treated sample was significantly increased by 23.18% compared with the control sample. The particle size values at d10, d50, and d90 values were significantly decreased by 3.70%, 4.13%, and 6.13%, respectively in the treated sample compared with the control sample. Therefore, the surface area of the treated sample was increased by 4.21% compared with the control sample. The FT-IR spectroscopic analysis revealed that Zn-Cl stretching in the control sample was found at 512 cm-1, whereas it was significantly shifted upward to 520 cm-1 in the treated sample. The UV-vis analysis exhibited that wavelength of the maximum absorbance (λmax) of the control and treated samples were at 197.6 nm and 197.1 nm, respectively. The DSC analysis exhibited that the melting temperature was decreased by 0.22%, while decomposition temperature was increased by 2.56% in the treated sample compared to the control sample. The latent heat of fusion of the treated sample (320.44 J/g) was significantly decreased by 16.70% compared with the control sample (284.67 J/g). Similarly, the enthalpy of decomposition of the treated sample (952.53 J/g) was significantly increased by 122.61% compared with the control sample (427.90 J/g). Thus, the results indicated that the thermal stability of the treated zinc chloride was improved compared with the control sample. The current study anticipated that The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might lead to produce a thermally stable new polymorphic form of zinc chloride, which would be more soluble and bioavailable compared with the untreated compound. Hence, the treated zinc chloride would be very useful to design better nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, aging, stress, cancer, etc.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, James Peoples, John Lawrence Griffin, Karen Byrnes Allen, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Characterization of the Physicochemical, Spectral, Thermal and Behavioral Properties of Sodium Selenate: An Effect of the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment, May 2, 2017

Sodium selenate is a source of an essential nutrient selenium used for the prevention and treatme... more Sodium selenate is a source of an essential nutrient selenium used for the prevention and treatment of cancer, heart diseases, viral diseases, diabetes, infectious diseases, etc. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on the physico-chemical, thermal, and behavioral properties of sodium selenate using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis, TGA, and DSC analysis. Sodium selenate was divided into two parts – one part was control/untreated sample, while another part was treated with Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as the treated sample. The PXRD diffractograms showed sharp and intense peaks in both the samples, indicated both the samples were crystalline in nature. The crystallite size of the treated sample was significantly altered in the range of -16.66% to 50.07% compared with the control sample. Consequently, the average crystallite size of the treated sample was significantly increased by 9.57% compared to the control sample. The particle size of the treated sample at d10, d50, and d90 values were significantly increased by 9.47%, 19.06%, and 27.81%, respectively compared with the control sample. Thus, the surface area of the treated sample was significantly decreased by 9.16% compared to the control sample. The control and treated FT-IR spectra indicated the presence of sharp and strong absorption bands at 888 cm-1 due to the Se=O stretching. The wavelength of the maximum absorbance of the control and Biofield Energy Treated sodium selenate were at 206.3 nm and 205.9 nm, respectively in UV-vis spectroscopy. TGA analysis indicated that the total weight loss of the treated sample was reduced by 0.71% compared to the control sample. The DSC analysis showed that the vaporization temperature of the treated sample (94.97°C) was slightly decreased compared to the control sample (95.30°C). But, the latent heat of vaporization was significantly increased in the treated sample by 45.31% compared to the control sample. Thus, The Trivedi Effect® might lead to generate a new polymorphic form of sodium selenate, which would have better powder flowability and long-term storage stability compared with the control sample. The Biofield Energy Treated sodium selenate would be very useful to design better nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations which might offer a better therapeutic response against cancer, inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, immunological disorders, stress, aging, Alzheimer’s disease, heart diseases, viral diseases, diabetes, infectious diseases, etc.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Evaluation of the Impact of the Trivedi Effect® -Energy of Consciousness on the Structure and Isotopic Abundance Ratio of Magnesium Gluconate Using LC-MS and NMR Spectroscopy, Mar 9, 2017

Magnesium gluconate is a classical pharmaceutical/nutraceutical compound used as a magnesium ion ... more Magnesium gluconate is a classical pharmaceutical/nutraceutical compound used as a magnesium ion source for the prevention and treatment of hypomagnesemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) on magnesium gluconate for the change in the structural properties and isotopic abundance ratio (PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM) using LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. Magnesium gluconate was divided into two parts – one part was control, and another part was treated with The Trivedi Effect® - Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as The Trivedi Effect® Treated sample. The LC-MS analysis of both the control and treated samples indicated the presence of mass of the protonated magnesium gluconate at m/z 415 at the retention time of 1.52 min and fragmentation pattern of the both sample were almost similar. The relative peak intensities of the fragment ions were significantly changed in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The proton and carbon signals for CH, CH2 and CO groups in the proton and carbon NMR spectra were observed almost similar for the control and the treated samples. The percentage change in the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 17O/16O or 25Mg/24Mg) was significantly decreased in the treated sample by 17.51% compared with the control sample. Consequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM (18O/16O or 26Mg/24Mg) in the treated sample was significantly increased by 79.44% compared to the control sample. Briefly, 13C, 2H, 17O, and 25Mg contributions from (C12H23MgO14)+ to m/z 416; 18O and 26Mg contributions from (C12H23MgO14)+ to m/z 417 in treated sample were significantly altered compared with the control sample. Thus, The Trivedi Effect® Treated magnesium gluconate might be supportive to design the novel potent enzyme inhibitors using its kinetic isotope effects. Consequently, The Trivedi Effect® Treated magnesium gluconate would be valuable for designing better pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical formulations through its changed physicochemical and thermal properties, which might be providing better therapeutic response against various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, allergy, aging, inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Effect of the Energy of Consciousness (The Trivedi Effect®) on Physicochemical, Thermal, Structural, and Behavioral Properties of Magnesium Gluconate, Mar 6, 2017

Magnesium gluconate is an organometallic pharmaceutical compound used for the prevention and trea... more Magnesium gluconate is an organometallic pharmaceutical compound used for the prevention and treatment of hypomagnesemia. The objective of the current research work was to examine the influence of The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Treatment) on magnesium gluconate for the alteration in the physicochemical, structural, thermal and behavioral properties using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, TGA, and DSC analysis. Magnesium gluconate was divided into two parts – one part was control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while another part was treated with The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as The Trivedi Effect® treated sample. The PXRD analysis exhibited that the crystallite size of the treated sample was remarkably altered from -63.63% to 80.14% compared with the control sample. The average crystallite size was significantly reduced by 22.14% in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The particle size values in the treated sample at d10 and d50 values were significantly decreased by 4.41% and 8.67% respectively, whereas at d90 value was increased by 3.99% compared to the control sample. The surface area analysis revealed that surface area of the treated sample was significantly increased by 5.21% compared with the control sample. The FT-IR and UV-vis analysis showed that structure of the magnesium gluconate remained identical in both the treated and control samples. The TGA analysis shown four steps thermal degradation of both the samples and the total weight loss of the treated sample was significantly decreased by 4.29% compared with the control sample. The melting temperature of the control and treated samples were 171.02°C and 170.93°C, respectively. The latent heat of fusion was significantly increased by 32.33% in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The TGA and DSC analysis indicated that the thermal stability of the treated sample was significantly improved compared with the control sample. The current study revealed that The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might produce a new polymorphic form of magnesium gluconate, which could be more soluble and bioavailable along with improved thermal stability compared with the untreated compound. The treated sample could be more stable during manufacturing, delivery or storage conditions than the untreated sample. Hence, The Trivedi Effect® Treated magnesium gluconate would be very useful to design better nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic responses against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, stress, aging, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, Johanne Dodon, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Madeline Michaels, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Muriel Mae Ranger, Paromvong Sinbandhit, James Joseph Meuer, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Lisa Ann Knoll, and Julia Grace McCammon

Evaluation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Mouse Splenocytes After Co-Incubation with the Biofield Energy Treated Formulation: Impact of the Trivedi Effect®, Dec 29, 2016

With the increasing popularity of herbomineral preparations in healthcare, a new proprietary herb... more With the increasing popularity of herbomineral preparations in healthcare, a new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated with ashwagandha root extract and minerals viz. zinc, magnesium, and selenium. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the herbomineral test formulation using mice splenocytes. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was the control without the Biofield Treatment. The other part was labelled the Biofield Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The splenocyte cells were exposed with the test formulation at ranges of 0.00001053 to 10.53 µg/mL for cell viability by MTT assay, with cell viability ranging from 77.50% to 176.52%. TNF-α was significantly inhibited by 15.88%, 15.28%, 12.30%, 12.60%, and 22.72% at 0.00001053, 0.001053, 0.1053, 1.053, and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the vehicle control (VC). TNF-α was significantly reduced by 2.33% and 8.35% at 1.053 and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively compared to the untreated test formulation. IL-1β was significantly reduced by 30.81%, 27.36%, 23.92%, 18.40%, 11.27%, and 21.16% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, 0.01053, 0.1053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the VC. IL-1β was significantly reduced by 48.63% (p≤0.001) and 15.28% at 0.00001053 and 0.0001053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the untreated test formulation. MIP-1α expression was inhibited by the Biofield Treated test formulation and showed immunosuppressive activity at 0.01053, 0.1053, 1.053, and 10.53 µg/mL by 22.33%, 16.25%, 15.58%, and 21.83%, respectively compared to the VC. The Biofield Treated test formulation significantly reduced the MIP-1α expression by 13.27% and 15.67% (p<0.05) at 0.01053 and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively compared to the untreated test formulation. The results showed the expression of IFN-γ was significantly reduced by 33.45%, 25.38%, 37.15%, 27.74%, 32.44%, 23.03%, and 44.21% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, 0.01053, 0.1053, 1.053, and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the VC. Further, the IFN-γ level was significantly decreased by 19.02% at 10.53 µg/mL in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the untreated test formulation. Overall, the results demonstrate that The Trivedi Effect® Biofield Energy Healing (TEBEH) significantly enhanced the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of the treated formulation, and may also be useful in organ transplants, anti-aging, and stress management by improving overall health and quality of life.

Papers by John Lawrence Griffin

ABSTRACT This paper documents several unique financial symptoms of Japanese economic stagnation i... more ABSTRACT This paper documents several unique financial symptoms of Japanese economic stagnation in the 1990s. We find a surprising &quot;fall&quot; in firm-level volatility and turnover in Japanese stocks after the market crash in 1990. These results stand in sharp contrast to the U.S. case, where firm-level volatility generally &quot;increases&quot; after a market crash. Further analysis reveals a parallel sharp reduction in earnings heterogeneity among Japanese firms. Preliminary evidence suggests that the reduction in firm-level volatility may be related to Japanese business group protection. The large decrease in firm-level volatility may impede the equity market&#39;s information role, as it has made it more difficult over the past decade for both investors and managers to distinguish high quality from low-quality firms. Copyright 2007 The Ohio State University.

We examine the extent to which market prices respond to news around the world. First, we start wi... more We examine the extent to which market prices respond to news around the world. First, we start with a common news event, earnings announcements, and find that firms in developed markets exhibit over twice the market response to an earnings announcement as an emerging market firm. Second, using a large sample of 573,461 news articles in developed markets and 301,394 in emerging markets, we find that news is related to individual firm variation in most developed markets, whereas in many emerging markets there is nothing special about the typical news day. These findings are robust to differences in the timing and reporting of news articles, the exclusion of earnings announcements, and a restriction to articles from major financial news outlets. We examine a multitude of possible explanations for the differences in the reaction to earnings news across countries and find that the differences are best explained by a measure of financial sophistication. insider trading, and technological development. As an independent verification, we examine preannouncement news leakage in takeover announcements and find that in countries where earnings news announcements are unimportant, there is more preannouncement stock price run-up before any public takeover news, consistent with insider trading. Our event reactions may be useful to policy markets, stock exchanges, and investors as they seek to understand the technological advancement and private trading in a market.

J Amer Coll Cardiol, 1996

Scientific Reports, 2015

The human circulatory system consists of arterial blood that delivers nutrients to tissues, and v... more The human circulatory system consists of arterial blood that delivers nutrients to tissues, and venous blood that removes the metabolic by-products. Although it is well established that arterial blood generally has higher concentrations of glucose and oxygen relative to venous blood, a comprehensive biochemical characterization of arteriovenous differences has not yet been reported. Here we apply cutting-edge, mass spectrometry-based metabolomic technologies to provide a global characterization of metabolites that vary in concentration between the arterial and venous blood of human patients. Global profiling of paired arterial and venous plasma from 20 healthy individuals, followed up by targeted analysis made it possible to measure subtle (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;2 fold), yet highly statistically significant and physiologically important differences in water soluble human plasma metabolome. While we detected changes in lactic acid, alanine, glutamine, and glutamate as expected from skeletal muscle activity, a number of unanticipated metabolites were also determined to be significantly altered including Krebs cycle intermediates, amino acids that have not been previously implicated in transport, and a few oxidized fatty acids. This study provides the most comprehensive assessment of metabolic changes in the blood during circulation to date and suggests that such profiling approach may offer new insights into organ homeostasis and organ specific pathology.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

ABSTRACT seminar and symposium participants at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology... more ABSTRACT seminar and symposium participants at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. We bear full responsibility for any errors. The financial support from a Hong Kong RGC Research Grant (Project # 642908) is gratefully acknowledged.

ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 2000

Critical care (London, England), 2006

Disturbed protein C (PC) pathway homeostasis might contribute to the development of multiple orga... more Disturbed protein C (PC) pathway homeostasis might contribute to the development of multiple organ failure (MOF) in acute pancreatitis (AP). We therefore evaluated circulating levels of PC and activated protein C (APC), evaluated monocyte deactivation in AP patients, and determined the relationship of these parameters to MOF. Thirty-one patients in the intensive care unit were categorized as cases (n = 13, severe AP with MOF) or controls (n = 18, severe AP without MOF). Blood samples were drawn every second day to determine the platelet count, the levels of APC, PC, and D-dimer, and the monocyte HLA-DR expression using flow cytometry. The APC/PC ratio was used to evaluate turnover of PC to APC. During the initial two weeks of hospitalization, low PC levels (<70% of the adult mean) occurred in 92% of cases and 44% of controls (P = 0.008). The minimum APC level was lower in cases than in controls (median 85% versus 97%, P = 0.009). Using 87% as the cut-off value, 8/13 (62%) cases a...

21st Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'05), 2005

We present the sHype hypervisor security architecture and examine in detail its mandatory access ... more We present the sHype hypervisor security architecture and examine in detail its mandatory access control facilities. While existing hypervisor security approaches aiming at high assurance have been proven useful for high-security environments that prioritize security over performance and code reuse, our approach aims at commercial security where near-zero performance overhead, non-intrusive implementation, and usability are of paramount importance. sHype enforces strong isolation at the granularity of a virtual machine, thus providing a robust foundation on which higher software layers can enact finer-grained controls. We provide the rationale behind the sHype design and describe and evaluate our implementation for the Xen open-source hypervisor.

... independently. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those ... more ... independently. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Bureau of Economic Research. © 2002 by John M. Griffin, Federico Nardari and René M. Stulz. All rights reserved. ...

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, Johanne Dodon, John Lawrence Griffin, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Muriel Mae Ranger, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, and Madeline Michaels

Immunomodulatory Activity of Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation in Sprague Dawley Rats: Evidence for Humoral and Cell-Mediated Responses, Dec 11, 2017

Herbomineral formulations are used extensively in the world-wide for the prevention and treatment... more Herbomineral formulations are used extensively in the world-wide for the prevention and treatment of a wide range of disorders. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated consisted of an ashwagandha root extract and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The experimental parameters studies were humoral immune response (primary and secondary titre), delayed type hypersensitivity reaction, animal weight parameters, feed and water intake, histopathology, hematological and serum biochemistry. The humoral immune response exhibited that both the primary and secondary hemagglutination (HA) antibody titre levels were significantly altered by 14.79% and 12.89%, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group (G4) compared to the disease control group (G2). The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response was significantly (p≤0.05) increased by 55.56% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The hematological results revealed that the platelet count was significantly increased by 8.46% in the G4 group with respect to the G2 group. Moreover, the level of phosphorus was significantly increased by 11.16% and 16.35% in the levamisole (G3) and G4 groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. In conclusion, the Biofield Energy Treated Test Formulation would be the powerful immunomodulatory product, which was found safe at the tested doses. Therefore, The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing based herbomineral formulation can be applied to potentiate the immune system that helps to fight against many infectious diseases. Overall, these data suggest that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and prevention, and anti-aging by improving overall health.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, Johanne Dodon, John Lawrence Griffin, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Kathryn Sweas, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Muriel Mae Ranger, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Karen Byrnes Allen, Lezley Wright, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, and Madeline Michaels

Evaluation of Immune Biomarkers After Oral Administration of the Novel Herbomineral Formulation Treated with The Trivedi Effect® - Biofield Energy Healing in Male Sprague Dawley Rats, Dec 11, 2017

Herbomineral formulations have been used worldwide against various chronic and degenerative disea... more Herbomineral formulations have been used worldwide against various chronic and degenerative diseases due to its fewer side effects. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated consisted of an ashwagandha root extract and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of the Biofield Energy Treated herbomineral formulation in male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for immune biomarkers modulation. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. Biomarkers like immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM), cluster differentiation (CD4+), CD8+, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO) were monitored. The level of IgM was increased by 4.76% in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation (G4) compared to the disease control group (G2). The levels of CD4+ and CD8+ counts were significantly (p≤0.01) increased by 222.22% and 355.36% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The level of lymphocyte was increased by 5% and eosinophil count was significantly decreased by 75% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The lipid biomarkers such as total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly lowered by 9.70%, 6.67%, and 23.54%, respectively in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. The expression of SOD was reduced by 9.96% in the G4 group compared to the G2 group. Further, LPO expression was significantly reduced by 33.38% and 16.88% in the G4 and untreated test formulation (G5) groups, respectively compared to the G2 group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed significantly improved the cellular and humoral immunity, hematological and biochemical profile compared with the untreated test formulation. As a result, it can be established that The Trivedi Effect®-Biofield Energy Healing has the significant capacity for immunomodulatory effect, which may also be useful in organ transplants, anti-aging, and stress management by improving overall health and quality of life.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Muriel Mae Ranger, Johanne Dodon, and Madeline Michaels

Study of the Consciousness Energy Healing Treated Ashwagandha Root Extract by LC-MS, GC-MS, and NMR Spectroscopy, Apr 18, 2017

Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) contains many biologically active constituents used for the prev... more Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) contains many biologically active constituents used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the impact of Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on the characteristic properties of the ashwagandha root extract using LC-MS, GC-MS, and NMR spectroscopy. Ashwagandha root extract was divided into two parts – one part was control (without treatment), while another part was treated with the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample. LC-MS data revealed that the retention time of the phytoconstituents remained same in the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples, whereas the peak area% i.e. the relative amount of the phytoconstituents was significantly altered. The peak area% at Rt of 5.1, 5.7, 6.4, 6.6, 6.9, 7.1, 7.4, 7.8, 7.9, 8.0, 8.2, 8.5, and 8.9 minutes of the treated sample were increased in the range of 0.92% to 14.67% compared to the control sample. On the contrary, the peak area% of the treated sample at Rt of 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 6.8, 8.1, 8.4, 8.6, 9.0, 9.1, and 9.2 minutes were decreased by 1.59% to 36.69% with respect to the control sample. A total of 14 withanolides such as sitoindoside IX, dihydrowithanolide D, withanolide A, withaferin A, ixocarpalactone A, withanolide S, withanolide sulfoxide, etc. were proposed with their structure from the molecular mass at m/z 605, 489, 473, 471, 505, and 992 at retention times of 6.9, 7.1, 7.9, 8.2, 8.5, and 9.3 minutes with the help of LC-MS, GC-MS and NMR data of both the control and Biofield Energy Treated samples. Consequently, the mass peak intensities of the treated sample were significantly changed in the range of -36.67% to 106% compared with the control sample at the same retention time. These findings suggest that Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment could be advantageous for altering the concentration of the phytoconstituents in the ashwagandha root extract by modifying their intrinsic physicochemical properties, which might be helpful to improve the bioavailability of active constituents of ashwagandha extract that might provide better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, arthritis, stress, cancer, diabetes, sexual disorders, aging, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on Withania somnifera Root Extract and Its Effects on the Physical, Spectroscopic, Thermal and Behavioral Properties, May 9, 2017

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is useful as an herbal medicine and nutraceuticals for the preve... more Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is useful as an herbal medicine and nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of anxiety, insomnia, tuberculosis, tumors, menstrual problems, etc. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the influence of The Trivedi Effect® - Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment on the physical, spectroscopic, thermal and behavioral properties of ashwagandha root extract using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, TGA, and DSC analysis. Ashwagandha root extract was divided into two parts – one part was control without any Biofield Energy Treatment and another part was treated with the Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as Biofield Energy Treated sample. The PXRD analysis demonstrated that both the control and treated samples were amorphous in nature. The particle size values at d10, d50, and d90 of the treated sample were decreased significantly by 18.88%, 8.60%, and 4.00%, respectively compared with the control sample. Similarly, the surface area of the treated sample was significantly increased by 102.63% compared to the control sample. FT-IR results suggest that there was a small impact of Biofield Energy Treatment on ashwagandha root extract at the atomic level to reduce the force constant of O-H (str.) bond. UV-vis analysis revealed that the wavelength for the maximum absorbance of the control and treated samples were at 207.4 and 207.7 nm, respectively. TGA revealed the three steps of thermal degradation steps and the total weight loss was decreased by 0.13% in the treated sample compared with the control sample. Consequently, the maximum thermal degradation temperature at 272.73°C and 393.14°C for two broad peaks in treated sample was increased by 1.13% and 0.85%, respectively compared to the control the sample (269.68°C and 389.83°C). DSC analysis indicated that the evaporation temperature and latent heat of vaporization was increased by 1.35% and 5.52%, respectively in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The current findings suggested that The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might have the astounding capacity to enhance the solubility, absorption, dissolution, bioavailability and thermal stability of ashwagandha root extract in various form of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical formulation by modifying its particle size and surface area. Thus, the treated ashwagandha root extract might provide better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, arthritis, sexual disorders, stress, cancer, diabetes, ageing, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Evaluation of the Physicochemical, Structural, Thermal, and Behavioral Properties of the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treated Zinc Chloride, Apr 1, 2017

Zinc chloride is a source of zinc used in various pharmaceutical/nutraceutical formulations. The ... more Zinc chloride is a source of zinc used in various pharmaceutical/nutraceutical formulations. The objective of the current study was to investigate the impact of The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Treatment) on physical, structural, thermal, and behavioral properties of zinc chloride using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis, and DSC analysis. Zinc chloride was divided into two parts – one part was control, while another part was treated with The Trivedi Effect® remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as The Trivedi Effect® Treated sample. A significant alteration of the crystallite size and relative intensities of the PXRD peaks was observed in The Trivedi Effect® treated sample compared with the control sample. The average crystallite size of the treated sample was significantly increased by 23.18% compared with the control sample. The particle size values at d10, d50, and d90 values were significantly decreased by 3.70%, 4.13%, and 6.13%, respectively in the treated sample compared with the control sample. Therefore, the surface area of the treated sample was increased by 4.21% compared with the control sample. The FT-IR spectroscopic analysis revealed that Zn-Cl stretching in the control sample was found at 512 cm-1, whereas it was significantly shifted upward to 520 cm-1 in the treated sample. The UV-vis analysis exhibited that wavelength of the maximum absorbance (λmax) of the control and treated samples were at 197.6 nm and 197.1 nm, respectively. The DSC analysis exhibited that the melting temperature was decreased by 0.22%, while decomposition temperature was increased by 2.56% in the treated sample compared to the control sample. The latent heat of fusion of the treated sample (320.44 J/g) was significantly decreased by 16.70% compared with the control sample (284.67 J/g). Similarly, the enthalpy of decomposition of the treated sample (952.53 J/g) was significantly increased by 122.61% compared with the control sample (427.90 J/g). Thus, the results indicated that the thermal stability of the treated zinc chloride was improved compared with the control sample. The current study anticipated that The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might lead to produce a thermally stable new polymorphic form of zinc chloride, which would be more soluble and bioavailable compared with the untreated compound. Hence, the treated zinc chloride would be very useful to design better nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic response against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, aging, stress, cancer, etc.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, James Peoples, John Lawrence Griffin, Karen Byrnes Allen, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Characterization of the Physicochemical, Spectral, Thermal and Behavioral Properties of Sodium Selenate: An Effect of the Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment, May 2, 2017

Sodium selenate is a source of an essential nutrient selenium used for the prevention and treatme... more Sodium selenate is a source of an essential nutrient selenium used for the prevention and treatment of cancer, heart diseases, viral diseases, diabetes, infectious diseases, etc. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (The Trivedi Effect®) on the physico-chemical, thermal, and behavioral properties of sodium selenate using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis, TGA, and DSC analysis. Sodium selenate was divided into two parts – one part was control/untreated sample, while another part was treated with Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as the treated sample. The PXRD diffractograms showed sharp and intense peaks in both the samples, indicated both the samples were crystalline in nature. The crystallite size of the treated sample was significantly altered in the range of -16.66% to 50.07% compared with the control sample. Consequently, the average crystallite size of the treated sample was significantly increased by 9.57% compared to the control sample. The particle size of the treated sample at d10, d50, and d90 values were significantly increased by 9.47%, 19.06%, and 27.81%, respectively compared with the control sample. Thus, the surface area of the treated sample was significantly decreased by 9.16% compared to the control sample. The control and treated FT-IR spectra indicated the presence of sharp and strong absorption bands at 888 cm-1 due to the Se=O stretching. The wavelength of the maximum absorbance of the control and Biofield Energy Treated sodium selenate were at 206.3 nm and 205.9 nm, respectively in UV-vis spectroscopy. TGA analysis indicated that the total weight loss of the treated sample was reduced by 0.71% compared to the control sample. The DSC analysis showed that the vaporization temperature of the treated sample (94.97°C) was slightly decreased compared to the control sample (95.30°C). But, the latent heat of vaporization was significantly increased in the treated sample by 45.31% compared to the control sample. Thus, The Trivedi Effect® might lead to generate a new polymorphic form of sodium selenate, which would have better powder flowability and long-term storage stability compared with the control sample. The Biofield Energy Treated sodium selenate would be very useful to design better nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations which might offer a better therapeutic response against cancer, inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, immunological disorders, stress, aging, Alzheimer’s disease, heart diseases, viral diseases, diabetes, infectious diseases, etc.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Evaluation of the Impact of the Trivedi Effect® -Energy of Consciousness on the Structure and Isotopic Abundance Ratio of Magnesium Gluconate Using LC-MS and NMR Spectroscopy, Mar 9, 2017

Magnesium gluconate is a classical pharmaceutical/nutraceutical compound used as a magnesium ion ... more Magnesium gluconate is a classical pharmaceutical/nutraceutical compound used as a magnesium ion source for the prevention and treatment of hypomagnesemia. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of The Trivedi Effect® - Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) on magnesium gluconate for the change in the structural properties and isotopic abundance ratio (PM+1/PM and PM+2/PM) using LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. Magnesium gluconate was divided into two parts – one part was control, and another part was treated with The Trivedi Effect® - Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as The Trivedi Effect® Treated sample. The LC-MS analysis of both the control and treated samples indicated the presence of mass of the protonated magnesium gluconate at m/z 415 at the retention time of 1.52 min and fragmentation pattern of the both sample were almost similar. The relative peak intensities of the fragment ions were significantly changed in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The proton and carbon signals for CH, CH2 and CO groups in the proton and carbon NMR spectra were observed almost similar for the control and the treated samples. The percentage change in the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM (2H/1H or 13C/12C or 17O/16O or 25Mg/24Mg) was significantly decreased in the treated sample by 17.51% compared with the control sample. Consequently, the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+2/PM (18O/16O or 26Mg/24Mg) in the treated sample was significantly increased by 79.44% compared to the control sample. Briefly, 13C, 2H, 17O, and 25Mg contributions from (C12H23MgO14)+ to m/z 416; 18O and 26Mg contributions from (C12H23MgO14)+ to m/z 417 in treated sample were significantly altered compared with the control sample. Thus, The Trivedi Effect® Treated magnesium gluconate might be supportive to design the novel potent enzyme inhibitors using its kinetic isotope effects. Consequently, The Trivedi Effect® Treated magnesium gluconate would be valuable for designing better pharmaceutical and/or nutraceutical formulations through its changed physicochemical and thermal properties, which might be providing better therapeutic response against various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, allergy, aging, inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, James Joseph Meuer, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Julia Grace McCammon, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Lisa Ann Knoll, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Paromvong Sinbandhit, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Madeline Michaels, Muriel Mae Ranger, and Johanne Dodon

Effect of the Energy of Consciousness (The Trivedi Effect®) on Physicochemical, Thermal, Structural, and Behavioral Properties of Magnesium Gluconate, Mar 6, 2017

Magnesium gluconate is an organometallic pharmaceutical compound used for the prevention and trea... more Magnesium gluconate is an organometallic pharmaceutical compound used for the prevention and treatment of hypomagnesemia. The objective of the current research work was to examine the influence of The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment (Biofield Energy Treatment) on magnesium gluconate for the alteration in the physicochemical, structural, thermal and behavioral properties using PXRD, PSD, FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, TGA, and DSC analysis. Magnesium gluconate was divided into two parts – one part was control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while another part was treated with The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment remotely by twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers and defined as The Trivedi Effect® treated sample. The PXRD analysis exhibited that the crystallite size of the treated sample was remarkably altered from -63.63% to 80.14% compared with the control sample. The average crystallite size was significantly reduced by 22.14% in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The particle size values in the treated sample at d10 and d50 values were significantly decreased by 4.41% and 8.67% respectively, whereas at d90 value was increased by 3.99% compared to the control sample. The surface area analysis revealed that surface area of the treated sample was significantly increased by 5.21% compared with the control sample. The FT-IR and UV-vis analysis showed that structure of the magnesium gluconate remained identical in both the treated and control samples. The TGA analysis shown four steps thermal degradation of both the samples and the total weight loss of the treated sample was significantly decreased by 4.29% compared with the control sample. The melting temperature of the control and treated samples were 171.02°C and 170.93°C, respectively. The latent heat of fusion was significantly increased by 32.33% in the treated sample compared with the control sample. The TGA and DSC analysis indicated that the thermal stability of the treated sample was significantly improved compared with the control sample. The current study revealed that The Trivedi Effect®-Energy of Consciousness Healing Treatment might produce a new polymorphic form of magnesium gluconate, which could be more soluble and bioavailable along with improved thermal stability compared with the untreated compound. The treated sample could be more stable during manufacturing, delivery or storage conditions than the untreated sample. Hence, The Trivedi Effect® Treated magnesium gluconate would be very useful to design better nutraceutical/pharmaceutical formulations that might offer better therapeutic responses against inflammatory diseases, immunological disorders, stress, aging, and other chronic infections.

by Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Michael Ellis, James Peoples, Johanne Dodon, John Kei Suzuki, Joseph Foty, Judy Weber, Karen Byrnes Allen, Kathryn Sweas, Lezley Wright, Madeline Michaels, Margaret Kweya Wahl, Mark Edward Stutheit, Michelle Lynn Barnard, Muriel Mae Ranger, Paromvong Sinbandhit, James Joseph Meuer, Viviane J.(Kris) Elig, John Lawrence Griffin, Lisa Ann Knoll, and Julia Grace McCammon

Evaluation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Mouse Splenocytes After Co-Incubation with the Biofield Energy Treated Formulation: Impact of the Trivedi Effect®, Dec 29, 2016

With the increasing popularity of herbomineral preparations in healthcare, a new proprietary herb... more With the increasing popularity of herbomineral preparations in healthcare, a new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated with ashwagandha root extract and minerals viz. zinc, magnesium, and selenium. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the herbomineral test formulation using mice splenocytes. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was the control without the Biofield Treatment. The other part was labelled the Biofield Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from twenty renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The splenocyte cells were exposed with the test formulation at ranges of 0.00001053 to 10.53 µg/mL for cell viability by MTT assay, with cell viability ranging from 77.50% to 176.52%. TNF-α was significantly inhibited by 15.88%, 15.28%, 12.30%, 12.60%, and 22.72% at 0.00001053, 0.001053, 0.1053, 1.053, and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the vehicle control (VC). TNF-α was significantly reduced by 2.33% and 8.35% at 1.053 and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively compared to the untreated test formulation. IL-1β was significantly reduced by 30.81%, 27.36%, 23.92%, 18.40%, 11.27%, and 21.16% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, 0.01053, 0.1053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the VC. IL-1β was significantly reduced by 48.63% (p≤0.001) and 15.28% at 0.00001053 and 0.0001053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the untreated test formulation. MIP-1α expression was inhibited by the Biofield Treated test formulation and showed immunosuppressive activity at 0.01053, 0.1053, 1.053, and 10.53 µg/mL by 22.33%, 16.25%, 15.58%, and 21.83%, respectively compared to the VC. The Biofield Treated test formulation significantly reduced the MIP-1α expression by 13.27% and 15.67% (p<0.05) at 0.01053 and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively compared to the untreated test formulation. The results showed the expression of IFN-γ was significantly reduced by 33.45%, 25.38%, 37.15%, 27.74%, 32.44%, 23.03%, and 44.21% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, 0.01053, 0.1053, 1.053, and 10.53 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the VC. Further, the IFN-γ level was significantly decreased by 19.02% at 10.53 µg/mL in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared to the untreated test formulation. Overall, the results demonstrate that The Trivedi Effect® Biofield Energy Healing (TEBEH) significantly enhanced the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of the treated formulation, and may also be useful in organ transplants, anti-aging, and stress management by improving overall health and quality of life.

ABSTRACT This paper documents several unique financial symptoms of Japanese economic stagnation i... more ABSTRACT This paper documents several unique financial symptoms of Japanese economic stagnation in the 1990s. We find a surprising &quot;fall&quot; in firm-level volatility and turnover in Japanese stocks after the market crash in 1990. These results stand in sharp contrast to the U.S. case, where firm-level volatility generally &quot;increases&quot; after a market crash. Further analysis reveals a parallel sharp reduction in earnings heterogeneity among Japanese firms. Preliminary evidence suggests that the reduction in firm-level volatility may be related to Japanese business group protection. The large decrease in firm-level volatility may impede the equity market&#39;s information role, as it has made it more difficult over the past decade for both investors and managers to distinguish high quality from low-quality firms. Copyright 2007 The Ohio State University.

We examine the extent to which market prices respond to news around the world. First, we start wi... more We examine the extent to which market prices respond to news around the world. First, we start with a common news event, earnings announcements, and find that firms in developed markets exhibit over twice the market response to an earnings announcement as an emerging market firm. Second, using a large sample of 573,461 news articles in developed markets and 301,394 in emerging markets, we find that news is related to individual firm variation in most developed markets, whereas in many emerging markets there is nothing special about the typical news day. These findings are robust to differences in the timing and reporting of news articles, the exclusion of earnings announcements, and a restriction to articles from major financial news outlets. We examine a multitude of possible explanations for the differences in the reaction to earnings news across countries and find that the differences are best explained by a measure of financial sophistication. insider trading, and technological development. As an independent verification, we examine preannouncement news leakage in takeover announcements and find that in countries where earnings news announcements are unimportant, there is more preannouncement stock price run-up before any public takeover news, consistent with insider trading. Our event reactions may be useful to policy markets, stock exchanges, and investors as they seek to understand the technological advancement and private trading in a market.

J Amer Coll Cardiol, 1996

Scientific Reports, 2015

The human circulatory system consists of arterial blood that delivers nutrients to tissues, and v... more The human circulatory system consists of arterial blood that delivers nutrients to tissues, and venous blood that removes the metabolic by-products. Although it is well established that arterial blood generally has higher concentrations of glucose and oxygen relative to venous blood, a comprehensive biochemical characterization of arteriovenous differences has not yet been reported. Here we apply cutting-edge, mass spectrometry-based metabolomic technologies to provide a global characterization of metabolites that vary in concentration between the arterial and venous blood of human patients. Global profiling of paired arterial and venous plasma from 20 healthy individuals, followed up by targeted analysis made it possible to measure subtle (&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;2 fold), yet highly statistically significant and physiologically important differences in water soluble human plasma metabolome. While we detected changes in lactic acid, alanine, glutamine, and glutamate as expected from skeletal muscle activity, a number of unanticipated metabolites were also determined to be significantly altered including Krebs cycle intermediates, amino acids that have not been previously implicated in transport, and a few oxidized fatty acids. This study provides the most comprehensive assessment of metabolic changes in the blood during circulation to date and suggests that such profiling approach may offer new insights into organ homeostasis and organ specific pathology.

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

ABSTRACT seminar and symposium participants at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology... more ABSTRACT seminar and symposium participants at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. We bear full responsibility for any errors. The financial support from a Hong Kong RGC Research Grant (Project # 642908) is gratefully acknowledged.

ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 2000

Critical care (London, England), 2006

Disturbed protein C (PC) pathway homeostasis might contribute to the development of multiple orga... more Disturbed protein C (PC) pathway homeostasis might contribute to the development of multiple organ failure (MOF) in acute pancreatitis (AP). We therefore evaluated circulating levels of PC and activated protein C (APC), evaluated monocyte deactivation in AP patients, and determined the relationship of these parameters to MOF. Thirty-one patients in the intensive care unit were categorized as cases (n = 13, severe AP with MOF) or controls (n = 18, severe AP without MOF). Blood samples were drawn every second day to determine the platelet count, the levels of APC, PC, and D-dimer, and the monocyte HLA-DR expression using flow cytometry. The APC/PC ratio was used to evaluate turnover of PC to APC. During the initial two weeks of hospitalization, low PC levels (<70% of the adult mean) occurred in 92% of cases and 44% of controls (P = 0.008). The minimum APC level was lower in cases than in controls (median 85% versus 97%, P = 0.009). Using 87% as the cut-off value, 8/13 (62%) cases a...

21st Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC'05), 2005

We present the sHype hypervisor security architecture and examine in detail its mandatory access ... more We present the sHype hypervisor security architecture and examine in detail its mandatory access control facilities. While existing hypervisor security approaches aiming at high assurance have been proven useful for high-security environments that prioritize security over performance and code reuse, our approach aims at commercial security where near-zero performance overhead, non-intrusive implementation, and usability are of paramount importance. sHype enforces strong isolation at the granularity of a virtual machine, thus providing a robust foundation on which higher software layers can enact finer-grained controls. We provide the rationale behind the sHype design and describe and evaluate our implementation for the Xen open-source hypervisor.

... independently. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those ... more ... independently. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Bureau of Economic Research. © 2002 by John M. Griffin, Federico Nardari and René M. Stulz. All rights reserved. ...

Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 1990

A chorionic gonadotropinlike material is present in blood and urine of normal, nonpregnant humans... more A chorionic gonadotropinlike material is present in blood and urine of normal, nonpregnant humans, is secreted in pulsatile fashion in parallel with luteinizing hormone, is stimulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is suppressed by GnRH agonists and estrogen. The source is probably the pituitary gland.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 2001

ABSTRACT

Journal of Neuroscience, 2008

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal and progressive neurodegenerative disorder character... more Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by weakness, muscle atrophy, and spasticity, is the most common adult-onset motor neuron disease. Although the majority of ALS cases are sporadic, ϳ5-10% are familial, including those linked to mutations in SOD1 (Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase). Missense mutations in a dynactin gene (DCTN1) encoding the p150 Glued subunit of dynactin have been linked to both familial and sporadic ALS. To determine the molecular mechanism whereby mutant dynactin p150 Glued causes selective degeneration of motor neurons, we generated and characterized mice expressing either wild-type or mutant human dynactin p150 Glued . Neuronal expression of mutant, but not wild type, dynactin p150 Glued causes motor neuron disease in these animals that are characterized by defects in vesicular transport in cell bodies of motor neurons, axonal swelling and axo-terminal degeneration. Importantly, we provide evidence that autophagic cell death is implicated in the pathogenesis of mutant p150 Glued mice. This novel mouse model will be instrumental for not only clarifying disease mechanisms in ALS, but also for testing therapeutic strategies to ameliorate this devastating disease.

Science, 1978

beta,beta&#39;-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) administration prevented normal slow axonal transp... more beta,beta&#39;-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) administration prevented normal slow axonal transport of [35S]methionine- or [3H]leucine-labeled proteins in rat sciatic motor axons. Ultrastructural and electrophoretic studies showed that the neurofilament triplet proteins in particular were retained within the initial 5 millimeters of the axons, resulting in neurofilament-filled axonal swellings. Fast anterograde and retrograde axonal transport were not affected. The IDPN thus selectively impaired slow axonal transport. The neurofibrillary pathology in this model is the result of the defective slow transport of neurofilaments.

New England Journal of Medicine, 1987

We used very sensitive and specific monoclonal-antibody sandwich assays for human chorionic gonad... more We used very sensitive and specific monoclonal-antibody sandwich assays for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and human luteinizing hormone (hLH) to measure both hormones in serum samples from normal men and women. When single serum samples from 92 men were studied, 73 percent had detectable hCG. In normal men, the amount of detectable hCG averaged 8.9 pg per milliliter, with a range of less than 3.0 to 160 pg per milliliter (biologic potency = 13,450 IU per milligram). In postmenopausal women the hCG level averaged 111 pg per milliliter and ranged from 32 to 510. In women of reproductive age the hCG level varied with the menstrual cycle. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone administered to 10 normal men increased both hCG and hLH. When daily serum samples were studied throughout a normal menstrual cycle, hCG concentrations paralleled those of hLH; follicular-phase concentrations were higher than those of the luteal phase, and there was a midcycle ovulatory peak of hCG coincident with the hLH peak. When hCG was measured every 10 minutes for six hours in eight postmenopausal women, distinct pulses were detected in parallel with those of hLH: hLH pulsed at a mean (+/- SEM) frequency of 0.56 +/- 0.08 pulses per hour; hCG pulsed at 0.54 +/- 0.07 pulses per hour. The mean pulse durations were 89 +/- 22 and 56 +/- 20 minutes for hLH and hCG, respectively. We conclude that hCG is produced in a pulsatile fashion, probably by the pituitary, in all normal adults.

Molecular Immunology, 1982

Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2008

Page 1. MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Mar Ecol Prog Ser Vol. 369: 169–179, 2008 doi: 10.3354/mep... more Page 1. MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Mar Ecol Prog Ser Vol. 369: 169–179, 2008 doi: 10.3354/meps07654 Published October 13 INTRODUCTION Traditional environmental monitoring approaches have attempted ...

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2007

Activated protein C is a physiologic anticoagulant that is activated by thrombin and upregulated ... more Activated protein C is a physiologic anticoagulant that is activated by thrombin and upregulated during coronary artery bypass grafting. We studied the balance between thrombin generation and activated protein C levels during coronary artery bypass grafting and hypothesized that protein C activation during reperfusion is associated with hemodynamic recovery or postoperative myocardial damage. One hundred patients undergoing elective on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were prospectively studied. Activated protein C, protein C, prothrombin fragment F1+2 (a marker of thrombin generation), and D-dimer (a marker of fibrinolysis) levels were measured preoperatively and at 7 time points during cardiopulmonary bypass and reperfusion and postoperatively. Hemodynamic parameters were measured serially. Cardiac biomarkers (mass of the Mb fraction of creatine kinase and troponin T) were measured postoperatively. Reperfusion induced a significant increase in thrombin generation. Activated protein C levels peaked after heparin neutralization, when they increased more than 3-fold. Activated protein C levels correlated with F1+2 and D-dimer levels during cardiopulmonary bypass and reperfusion. Even though this correlation peaked during early reperfusion (r = 0.55, P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; .001), the ratio of activated protein C to F1+2 decreased during surgical intervention and early reperfusion by 70% from the preoperative level, indicating a marked delay in protein C activation in relation to thrombin generation. Patients in the highest quintile of activated protein C levels during this period had a higher postoperative cardiac index (mean, 3.1 vs 2.5 L x min(-1) x m(-2); P…