Krzysztof Kozłowski - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Krzysztof Kozłowski
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, 2013
Rapid growth of China’s demand for fuels, especially oil, caused by dynamic economic growth of t... more Rapid growth of China’s demand for fuels, especially oil, caused by dynamic economic growth of the PRC, is one of the sources of fundamental changes in international energy policy and in international relations as such. The rate of growth of China’s demand for fuels combined with similar trends in other developing countries will influence the level of global prices of these fuels. It can also become the source of political crisis’ in international race to secure access to them. A question arises: what are the possible consequences of Chinese energy policy for international environment, particularly in the oil sector? Analysis of China’s energy profi le and the directions of expansion caused by it, leads to a conclusion that PRC does not express tendencies to participate in conflicts. The possibilities of conflicts are more likely to arise due to actions of China’s potential enemies among developed countries that may perceive the growth of PRC international standing as a ...
Politeja, 2016
Measurements of tt differential cross-sections of highly boosted top quarks decaying to all-hadro... more Measurements of tt differential cross-sections of highly boosted top quarks decaying to all-hadronic final states in pp collisions at √ s = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector The ATLAS Collaboration Measurements are made of differential cross-sections of highly boosted pair-produced top quarks as a function of top-quark and tt system kinematic observables using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √ s = 13 TeV. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb −1 , recorded in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Events with two large-radius jets in the final state, one with transverse momentum p T > 500 GeV and a second with p T > 350 GeV, are used for the measurement. The top-quark candidates are separated from the multijet background using jet substructure information and association with a b-tagged jet. The measured spectra are corrected for detector effects to a particle-level fiducial phase space and a parton-level limited phase space, and are compared to several Monte Carlo simulations by means of calculated χ 2 values. The cross-section for tt production in the fiducial phase-space region is 292 ± 7 (stat) ± 76(syst) fb, to be compared to the theoretical prediction of 384 ± 36 fb.
Studia z Polityki Publicznej, 2016
The political events that took place at the end of 2003 in Georgia, in 2004 in Ukraine and in 200... more The political events that took place at the end of 2003 in Georgia, in 2004 in Ukraine and in 2005 in Kyrgyzstan are popularly called the Rose, Orange and Tulip Revolution or collectively: the Colour Revolutions in the post-Soviet space. At first glance the term “revolution” may seem appropriate. The Colour Revolutions have resulted in the regime change in all the three states. However, from a decade-long perspective one may notice that the revolutionary changes in the political systems of Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan did not actually take place. The post-revolutionary reality: the Russian-Georgian war and criminal charges against the revolutionary Georgian President Micheil Saakashvili, theinfamous ending to the political career of the revolutionary leader Victor Yushchenko just four year after the Orange Revolution and the spectacular collapse of the Victor Yanukovych regime, which led to a hybrid warfare with Russia, or Kyrgyzstan’s permanent political instability following th...
The New Silk Road Leads through the Arab Peninsula: Mast ering Global Business and Inovation
Abstract The New Silk Road Diplomacy in the Nineties, the Belt and Road Initiative today, and the... more Abstract The New Silk Road Diplomacy in the Nineties, the Belt and Road Initiative today, and the Digital Silk Road of the future signal growing Chinese ambitions in international relations. The bold plans and visions may turn into fundaments of future Chinese domination in World affairs. However, the ways they are to be achieved indicate, that the Chinese policy-making did not adapt yet to new reality of being a leader rather than a free-rider taking advantage of other Powers’ international involvement. The goal of the chapter is to point to the limitations of PRC ambitions. Qualitatively new international reality requires qualitatively new approaches. China, if it does not realize that, despite being one of the biggest surprises in terms of dynamics of development in twentieth century, may become one of the biggest disappointments in twenty-first century. The World seems to accept the fact of growing PRC role in international dimensions. The question is, is China ready for this change not only in words but also in practice.
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace
China’s Power seems to be beyond discussion. People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the fourth bigge... more China’s Power seems to be beyond discussion. People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the fourth biggest state in the world and its population accounts for one sixth of the human race. The Middle Kingdom’s economy is booming, its international status rises, its middle class is growing. All these features prove that PRC has a great political and economic potential. However, the future of China is not yet certain. Political elites of the state will have to face a series of challenges, concerning demography, coexistence of communist state with market economy, rising competition on energy markets, etc. Identifying these potential threats for PRC’s future development is crucial both for the Middle Kingdom in regards to its internal and international politics, and for foreign Powers in regards to their future agenda concerning relations with China.
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace
The study concerns the effectiveness of EU Post-Soviet Central Asian policy. The analysis of the ... more The study concerns the effectiveness of EU Post-Soviet Central Asian policy. The analysis of the EU strategy leads to two questions: why and how EU wants to engage this politically challenging region in the Post-Soviet Space. Regardless of satisfaction of EU bureaucracy with at best mediocre effects of undertaken actions, independent analysts perspective leads to a conclusion that EU does not use its own potential in the most effective way and its activity is sometimes more damaging than productive in terms of managing own assets as well as building its international reputation.
Dyskusje na temat współczesnej sytuacji międzynarodowej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej generalnie mo... more Dyskusje na temat współczesnej sytuacji międzynarodowej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej generalnie można podzielić na dwie grupy: o optymistycznym i pesymistycznym wydźwięku co do jej przyszłości. Wielu analityków spraw międzynarodowych twierdzi, że faktycznie już teraz należy ona do Państwa Środka. Mniej liczni, lecz wciąż obecni komentatorzy polityki międzynarodowej uważają, że ChRL jest kolosem na glinianych nogach, którego perspektywy są niepewne, za to przesadnie idealizowane. Pierwsi są zwykle pełni uznania zwłaszcza dla bieżącej wydajności chińskiego rozwoju gospodarczego. Drudzy mają szczególnie wiele wątpliwości co do efektywności chińskiego modelu politycznego w dłuższej perspektywie czasowej. Obecnej siły Chin można upatrywać w wielu czynnikach. Jest poza dyskusją, że Chiny spełniają wymogi dotyczące terytorium i liczby ludności, by być określane mocarstwem-są czwartym terytorialnie państwem na świecie, a ich populacja obejmuje jedną szóstą ludności globu. 1 Już same te fakty nie pozwalają innym mocarstwom na podejmowanie krytycznych decyzji w skali międzynarodowej bez wzięcia pod uwagę chińskich reakcji. Państwu Środka udało się również wykorzystać gospodarcze dobrodziejstwa globalizacji. Obecnie rynek chiński działa jak magnes na inwestorów zagranicznych. 2 Siła militarna ChRL w wymiarze konwencjonalnym jest ogromna. Mimo dysproporcji technologicznej w konfrontacji z USA, na skalę regionalną Armia Ludowo-Wyzwoleńcza jest bardzo poważną siłą. Mniejszym niż amerykańskie możliwościom konwencjonalnym towarzyszy arsenał atomowy, 1 Niektórzy badacze wskazują jeszcze na pozytywne strony długiej linii brzegowej i geopolitycznej łatwości wchodzenia w interakcje wielostronne. Warto jednak zauważyć, że fakty te kiedyś przyczyniły się również do kolonizacji Państwa Środka. C.S. Gray, e Continued Primacy of Geography, "Orbis" 1996 Nr 40, s. 258. 2 Punktem zwrotnym była Podróż na Południe (nanxun) D. Xiaopinga w 1992 roku, uważana za o cjalne błogosławieństwo dla liberalizacji gospodarczej w ChRL. Na marginesie, dopiero w marcu 2004 roku mocą poprawki do konstytucji ChRL wprowadzono zapis o ochronie własności prywatnej obywateli. A
bekistan gained independence in 1991 after over a century of Russian and Soviet rule, none of the... more bekistan gained independence in 1991 after over a century of Russian and Soviet rule, none of the republics was fully prepared for the conse-quences from the collapse of the USSR. Their sociological profiles were shaped by Soviet policies and their economic situation was a function of a Soviet planned economy. Their political elites did not have any experi-ence concerning international relations either, as their external borders and affairs were quite strictly controlled by the USSR. They were inex-perienced actors exposed from the very beginning to intensive political pressure of foreign powers aspiring to broaden their own influence in the post-soviet space. The young republics were not the only actors surprised with the ge-opolitical change. The disintegration of the USSR marked a frantic be-ginning of a so-called New Great Game (Rashid, 1997). Since 1991 this concept has formed a predominant theoretical framework used for anal-yses of political changes taking place in post-sovi...
by Agnieszka KŁOS, Ewa LATOSZEK, Magdalena PROCZEK, Kamil Zajączkowski, Klaus Gretschmann, Jan Truszczynski, Marta Pachocka, Krzysztof Kozłowski, Patrycja Bytner, Anna Masłoń-Oracz, Lika Mkrtchyan, Katarzyna Negacz, and Vasile Cucerescu
Facing the Challenges in the European Union. Re-thinking EU Education and Research for Smart and ... more Facing the Challenges in the European Union. Re-thinking EU Education and Research for Smart and Inclusive Growth (EuInteg), eds. E. Latoszek, A. Kłos, E. Osuch-Rak, M. Pachocka, M. Proczek, Polish European Community Studies Association – Elipsa, Warsaw 2015, conference-euinteg2015.pecsa.edu.pl/book
Books by Krzysztof Kozłowski
20 December, 2021
It has taken platforms only twenty years to become digital economy hubs. They have changed market... more It has taken platforms only twenty years to become digital economy hubs. They have changed markets, enterprises, and society. They have expedited communication, collaboration, and trade for consumers, winning their attention and collecting their data. In doing so, they have made processes, products, and industries obsolete, and disrupted the expectations and behaviours of market players. This raises the question, are digital platforms global innovators or disruptive monopolists? Are they a solution to problems of the past or emissaries of a problematic future?
This book provides a multi-faceted approach to platforms and their profound impact on markets and ecosystems. Economic, managerial, social, and political aspects are analysed, and the differentiation of platforms and their disruptive potential is reviewed. The book also examines the mechanism of achieving a monopolistic position, including in the international supply chain, and the greater influence of platforms on political activity and contemporary democracy. With examples from Poland, USA, and China, the contributions offer an international evaluation of disruptive platforms across a multitude of industries.
The edited collection, prepared by scholars from the SGH Warsaw School of Economics, will be valuable to researchers and academics across the fields of strategic management, marketing, innovations, international business, and the digital economy.
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace, 2013
Rapid growth of China’s demand for fuels, especially oil, caused by dynamic economic growth of t... more Rapid growth of China’s demand for fuels, especially oil, caused by dynamic economic growth of the PRC, is one of the sources of fundamental changes in international energy policy and in international relations as such. The rate of growth of China’s demand for fuels combined with similar trends in other developing countries will influence the level of global prices of these fuels. It can also become the source of political crisis’ in international race to secure access to them. A question arises: what are the possible consequences of Chinese energy policy for international environment, particularly in the oil sector? Analysis of China’s energy profi le and the directions of expansion caused by it, leads to a conclusion that PRC does not express tendencies to participate in conflicts. The possibilities of conflicts are more likely to arise due to actions of China’s potential enemies among developed countries that may perceive the growth of PRC international standing as a ...
Politeja, 2016
Measurements of tt differential cross-sections of highly boosted top quarks decaying to all-hadro... more Measurements of tt differential cross-sections of highly boosted top quarks decaying to all-hadronic final states in pp collisions at √ s = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector The ATLAS Collaboration Measurements are made of differential cross-sections of highly boosted pair-produced top quarks as a function of top-quark and tt system kinematic observables using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √ s = 13 TeV. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb −1 , recorded in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Events with two large-radius jets in the final state, one with transverse momentum p T > 500 GeV and a second with p T > 350 GeV, are used for the measurement. The top-quark candidates are separated from the multijet background using jet substructure information and association with a b-tagged jet. The measured spectra are corrected for detector effects to a particle-level fiducial phase space and a parton-level limited phase space, and are compared to several Monte Carlo simulations by means of calculated χ 2 values. The cross-section for tt production in the fiducial phase-space region is 292 ± 7 (stat) ± 76(syst) fb, to be compared to the theoretical prediction of 384 ± 36 fb.
Studia z Polityki Publicznej, 2016
The political events that took place at the end of 2003 in Georgia, in 2004 in Ukraine and in 200... more The political events that took place at the end of 2003 in Georgia, in 2004 in Ukraine and in 2005 in Kyrgyzstan are popularly called the Rose, Orange and Tulip Revolution or collectively: the Colour Revolutions in the post-Soviet space. At first glance the term “revolution” may seem appropriate. The Colour Revolutions have resulted in the regime change in all the three states. However, from a decade-long perspective one may notice that the revolutionary changes in the political systems of Georgia, Ukraine and Kyrgyzstan did not actually take place. The post-revolutionary reality: the Russian-Georgian war and criminal charges against the revolutionary Georgian President Micheil Saakashvili, theinfamous ending to the political career of the revolutionary leader Victor Yushchenko just four year after the Orange Revolution and the spectacular collapse of the Victor Yanukovych regime, which led to a hybrid warfare with Russia, or Kyrgyzstan’s permanent political instability following th...
The New Silk Road Leads through the Arab Peninsula: Mast ering Global Business and Inovation
Abstract The New Silk Road Diplomacy in the Nineties, the Belt and Road Initiative today, and the... more Abstract The New Silk Road Diplomacy in the Nineties, the Belt and Road Initiative today, and the Digital Silk Road of the future signal growing Chinese ambitions in international relations. The bold plans and visions may turn into fundaments of future Chinese domination in World affairs. However, the ways they are to be achieved indicate, that the Chinese policy-making did not adapt yet to new reality of being a leader rather than a free-rider taking advantage of other Powers’ international involvement. The goal of the chapter is to point to the limitations of PRC ambitions. Qualitatively new international reality requires qualitatively new approaches. China, if it does not realize that, despite being one of the biggest surprises in terms of dynamics of development in twentieth century, may become one of the biggest disappointments in twenty-first century. The World seems to accept the fact of growing PRC role in international dimensions. The question is, is China ready for this change not only in words but also in practice.
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace
China’s Power seems to be beyond discussion. People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the fourth bigge... more China’s Power seems to be beyond discussion. People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the fourth biggest state in the world and its population accounts for one sixth of the human race. The Middle Kingdom’s economy is booming, its international status rises, its middle class is growing. All these features prove that PRC has a great political and economic potential. However, the future of China is not yet certain. Political elites of the state will have to face a series of challenges, concerning demography, coexistence of communist state with market economy, rising competition on energy markets, etc. Identifying these potential threats for PRC’s future development is crucial both for the Middle Kingdom in regards to its internal and international politics, and for foreign Powers in regards to their future agenda concerning relations with China.
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego. Studia i Prace
The study concerns the effectiveness of EU Post-Soviet Central Asian policy. The analysis of the ... more The study concerns the effectiveness of EU Post-Soviet Central Asian policy. The analysis of the EU strategy leads to two questions: why and how EU wants to engage this politically challenging region in the Post-Soviet Space. Regardless of satisfaction of EU bureaucracy with at best mediocre effects of undertaken actions, independent analysts perspective leads to a conclusion that EU does not use its own potential in the most effective way and its activity is sometimes more damaging than productive in terms of managing own assets as well as building its international reputation.
Dyskusje na temat współczesnej sytuacji międzynarodowej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej generalnie mo... more Dyskusje na temat współczesnej sytuacji międzynarodowej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej generalnie można podzielić na dwie grupy: o optymistycznym i pesymistycznym wydźwięku co do jej przyszłości. Wielu analityków spraw międzynarodowych twierdzi, że faktycznie już teraz należy ona do Państwa Środka. Mniej liczni, lecz wciąż obecni komentatorzy polityki międzynarodowej uważają, że ChRL jest kolosem na glinianych nogach, którego perspektywy są niepewne, za to przesadnie idealizowane. Pierwsi są zwykle pełni uznania zwłaszcza dla bieżącej wydajności chińskiego rozwoju gospodarczego. Drudzy mają szczególnie wiele wątpliwości co do efektywności chińskiego modelu politycznego w dłuższej perspektywie czasowej. Obecnej siły Chin można upatrywać w wielu czynnikach. Jest poza dyskusją, że Chiny spełniają wymogi dotyczące terytorium i liczby ludności, by być określane mocarstwem-są czwartym terytorialnie państwem na świecie, a ich populacja obejmuje jedną szóstą ludności globu. 1 Już same te fakty nie pozwalają innym mocarstwom na podejmowanie krytycznych decyzji w skali międzynarodowej bez wzięcia pod uwagę chińskich reakcji. Państwu Środka udało się również wykorzystać gospodarcze dobrodziejstwa globalizacji. Obecnie rynek chiński działa jak magnes na inwestorów zagranicznych. 2 Siła militarna ChRL w wymiarze konwencjonalnym jest ogromna. Mimo dysproporcji technologicznej w konfrontacji z USA, na skalę regionalną Armia Ludowo-Wyzwoleńcza jest bardzo poważną siłą. Mniejszym niż amerykańskie możliwościom konwencjonalnym towarzyszy arsenał atomowy, 1 Niektórzy badacze wskazują jeszcze na pozytywne strony długiej linii brzegowej i geopolitycznej łatwości wchodzenia w interakcje wielostronne. Warto jednak zauważyć, że fakty te kiedyś przyczyniły się również do kolonizacji Państwa Środka. C.S. Gray, e Continued Primacy of Geography, "Orbis" 1996 Nr 40, s. 258. 2 Punktem zwrotnym była Podróż na Południe (nanxun) D. Xiaopinga w 1992 roku, uważana za o cjalne błogosławieństwo dla liberalizacji gospodarczej w ChRL. Na marginesie, dopiero w marcu 2004 roku mocą poprawki do konstytucji ChRL wprowadzono zapis o ochronie własności prywatnej obywateli. A
bekistan gained independence in 1991 after over a century of Russian and Soviet rule, none of the... more bekistan gained independence in 1991 after over a century of Russian and Soviet rule, none of the republics was fully prepared for the conse-quences from the collapse of the USSR. Their sociological profiles were shaped by Soviet policies and their economic situation was a function of a Soviet planned economy. Their political elites did not have any experi-ence concerning international relations either, as their external borders and affairs were quite strictly controlled by the USSR. They were inex-perienced actors exposed from the very beginning to intensive political pressure of foreign powers aspiring to broaden their own influence in the post-soviet space. The young republics were not the only actors surprised with the ge-opolitical change. The disintegration of the USSR marked a frantic be-ginning of a so-called New Great Game (Rashid, 1997). Since 1991 this concept has formed a predominant theoretical framework used for anal-yses of political changes taking place in post-sovi...
by Agnieszka KŁOS, Ewa LATOSZEK, Magdalena PROCZEK, Kamil Zajączkowski, Klaus Gretschmann, Jan Truszczynski, Marta Pachocka, Krzysztof Kozłowski, Patrycja Bytner, Anna Masłoń-Oracz, Lika Mkrtchyan, Katarzyna Negacz, and Vasile Cucerescu
Facing the Challenges in the European Union. Re-thinking EU Education and Research for Smart and ... more Facing the Challenges in the European Union. Re-thinking EU Education and Research for Smart and Inclusive Growth (EuInteg), eds. E. Latoszek, A. Kłos, E. Osuch-Rak, M. Pachocka, M. Proczek, Polish European Community Studies Association – Elipsa, Warsaw 2015, conference-euinteg2015.pecsa.edu.pl/book
20 December, 2021
It has taken platforms only twenty years to become digital economy hubs. They have changed market... more It has taken platforms only twenty years to become digital economy hubs. They have changed markets, enterprises, and society. They have expedited communication, collaboration, and trade for consumers, winning their attention and collecting their data. In doing so, they have made processes, products, and industries obsolete, and disrupted the expectations and behaviours of market players. This raises the question, are digital platforms global innovators or disruptive monopolists? Are they a solution to problems of the past or emissaries of a problematic future?
This book provides a multi-faceted approach to platforms and their profound impact on markets and ecosystems. Economic, managerial, social, and political aspects are analysed, and the differentiation of platforms and their disruptive potential is reviewed. The book also examines the mechanism of achieving a monopolistic position, including in the international supply chain, and the greater influence of platforms on political activity and contemporary democracy. With examples from Poland, USA, and China, the contributions offer an international evaluation of disruptive platforms across a multitude of industries.
The edited collection, prepared by scholars from the SGH Warsaw School of Economics, will be valuable to researchers and academics across the fields of strategic management, marketing, innovations, international business, and the digital economy.