Mohammed Faizal Bakhtiar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mohammed Faizal Bakhtiar

Authorea (Authorea), Sep 8, 2022

Clinical & Experimental Allergy, Feb 22, 2019

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics, May 19, 2020

Objective The association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*58:01 and risk of allopurinol-i... more Objective The association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*58:01 and risk of allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions (AIS) was observed across different populations. We explore the association between HLA-B*58:01 and AIS risk in multiethnic Malaysian population. The HLA-B*58:01 risk for different AIS clinical phenotypes and ethnicity was determined. Methods We performed a case-control association study by genotyping the HLA-B alleles of 55 patients with AIS [11 toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), 21 Steven Johnson syndrome (SJS) 22 drug reaction wit eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and one acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)] and 42 allopurinol-tolerant controls (ATC). Results HLA-B*58:01 was positive in 89.1 and 14.3% of the AIS and ATC study groups [odds ratio (OR) = 49.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 14.6-164.4, P < 0.0001)], respectively. Our data showed that 93.8% of the AIS-SJS/ TEN patients and 86.4% of the AIS-DRESS patients were HLA-B*58:01 positive (AIS-SJS/TEN, OR = 90, 95% CI = 16.9-470.1, P < 0.0001 and AIS-DRESS OR = 38, 95% CI = 8.5-169.2, P < 0.0001). Stratification by ethnicity and clinical phenotypes revealed a significant increased risk between HLA-B*58:01 and Chinese-AIS patients (OR = 137.5, 95% CI = 11.3-1680.2, P < 0.0001), in particular Chinese patients with AIS-SJS/TEN phenotype (100% HLA-B*58:01 positive). HLA-B*58:01 was positive in 90.9% Chinese AIS-DRESS (P < 0.0001). Highly significant associations of HLA-B*58:01 were observed in Malay AIS-SJS/TEN (OR = 78, 95% CI = 9.8-619.9, P < 0.0001) and Malay AIS-DRESS (OR = 54, 95% CI = 6.6-442.9, P < 0.0001). Although the number of Indian-AIS patients was relatively small (n = 2), both were HLA-B*58:01 positive. Conclusion Our data suggest strong associations between HLA-B*58:01 and AIS in Malaysian population with Chinese and Malays ethnicity. The strong association was also observed in three different clinical phenotypes of AIS, mainly the AIS-SJS/TEN Pharmacogenetics and Genomics 30: 153-160

Aims Healthcare workers’ (HCWs) ability to recognize, classify and manage adverse reactions (ADR)... more Aims Healthcare workers’ (HCWs) ability to recognize, classify and manage adverse reactions (ADR) is crucial to ensure patient safety. This study assessed HCWs’ awareness, knowledge, and practice on ADR. Methods This was a cross sectional online questionnaire case-based study, involving clinical HCWs at two tertiary hospitals. Results We recruited 321 respondents with 256 doctors, 58 nurses and seven medical assistants. HCWs with more than five years’ experience and dermatologists had better ADR knowledge. Three-quarter failed to recognize off-target nonimmune mediated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reactions. About 26% (n=84) could not recognize severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions (SCARs). In those who recognized SCARs, only 76.6% (n=177) will not re-introduce the implicated drugs. Knowledge in managing anaphylaxis and awareness in paradoxical drug-induced reaction was poor. About 18% (n=58) did not use adrenaline in anaphylaxis and 80% (n=259) were unfamiliar with the u...

There is no clinical evidence to support the use of HCQ/CQ as a treatment or prophylaxis for SARS... more There is no clinical evidence to support the use of HCQ/CQ as a treatment or prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) A less toxic antimalarial drug compared to its analog chloroquine (CQ) because the addition of a hydroxyl group decreasing its toxicity while conserving its efficacy.

 Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are common and notable public health problem. It can be different... more  Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are common and notable public health problem. It can be differentiated into two major subtypes: type A and B, as proposed by Rawlins and Thomson (Figure 1).  NSAIDs are the most consumed drugs worldwide as the first line medication in many diseases but may also cause hypersensitivity reactions in susceptible individuals.  There are many proposed classifications of NSAIDs hypersensitivity(NHS) which are based on the timing of the reactions, cross intolerance (CI), underlying disease and clinical patterns of reactions (respiratory, cutaneous, systemic, overlapping (blended) and/or organ specific).  In 2013, the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Task Force on NHS has proposed a refined classification and diagnosis with management approach of NHS-ENDA NHS guideline (Figure 2).

This data record consists of a single data file Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for CO... more This data record consists of a single data file Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for COVID 19 (1).rm5, in .rm5 file format. The file contains the data for forest plots, risk of bias, and summary of findings for the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. Aims and methodology: The related review aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine given as a single drug or in combination with standard care with or without any other antimicrobial agent.The authors searched the PubMed, CENTRAL, Google Scholar, Chinese clinical trial registry, and trial registers: ISRCTN; UMIN-CTR (Japan's Trial Register); the WHO portal up to 9th April 2020 using the search terms *chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, coronavirus, SARS-Cov-2, 2019-NCov, and COVID-19.For data collection and analysis, the standard Cochrane methods were employed.For more details on the methodology, ple...

Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2019

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common disease in the Malaysian population with a reporte... more Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common disease in the Malaysian population with a reported serum anticardiolipin (aCL) antibody prevalence of 16.5% among the patients. We investigated aCL antibodies isotypes (IgG and IgM) and its association with clinical manifestations in a cohort of Malay, Chinese and Indian SLE patients. IgG and IgM aCL antibody isotypes were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 475 SLE cases (316 Malays, 80 Chinese, 33 Indians and 46 others). Patients’ demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Of the 475 SLE cases, 88 individuals were positive for aCL antibodies (18.5%), with 17.1% (n=81) having elevated IgG aCL antibody and 2.4% (n=16) with elevated IgM aCL antibody. Nine patients were positive for both IgG and IgM aCL antibody isotypes. Notably, the Indian ethnic group has the highest occurrence of aCL antibodies (30.3%), followed by the Malays (19.6%), and Chinese (16.3%). IgG aCL antibody isotype contributed significantly to the...

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2015

Cervical cancer is the most common malignant cancer of the female reproductive organs worldwide. ... more Cervical cancer is the most common malignant cancer of the female reproductive organs worldwide. Currently, cervical cancer can be prevented by vaccination and detected at an early stage via various screening methods. Malaysia, as a developing country faces a heavy disease burden of cervical cancer as it is the second most common cancer among Malaysian women. This population based study was carried out to fulfil the primary aim of determining the survival rates of Malaysian women with cervical cancer and associated factors. Data were obtained from two different sources namely, the Malaysian National Cancer Registry (MNCR) and National Health Informatics Centre (NHIC) from 1st January 2000 to 31st December 2005. Kaplan Meier analyses were conducted to identify the overall survival rates and median survival time. Differences in survival among different ethnic and age group were compared using the log-rank test. A total of 5,859 patients were included. The median survival time for cervical cancer in this study was 65.8 months and the 5-year survival rate was 71.1%. The overall observed survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 94.1%, 79.3% and 71.1% respectively. The log-rank test finding also showed that there were significant differences in the 5-year survival rate among different ethnic groups. Malays had the lowest survival rate of 59.2% followed by Indians (69.5%) and Chinese (73.8%). The overall 5-year survival rate among patients with cervical cancer in Malaysia is relatively good. Age and ethnic groups remain as significant determining factors for cervical cancer survival rate.

Clinical and Translational Allergy

Lessons from drug induced anaphylaxis O01 Evidence of an IgG-induced neutrophil activation pathwa... more Lessons from drug induced anaphylaxis O01 Evidence of an IgG-induced neutrophil activation pathway during human drug-induced anaphylaxis

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology

Background: Seafood is an important source of nutrition in Asia. However, it was believed to caus... more Background: Seafood is an important source of nutrition in Asia. However, it was believed to cause or aggravate atopic dermatitis (AD). Objectives: We aim to determine relevant seafood sensitization among adults with AD and investigate cross-sensitization to aeroallergens. Methods: One hundred thirty-two adults with AD who were subjected to skin prick test (SPT) with 7 common local seafood allergens (anchovy, tuna, mackerel, squid, giant freshwater prawn, shrimp, and crab), house dust mites (HDMs), and cockroach were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The median age of the study subjects was 32 years (range 17–77 years) with a male to female ratio of 1:3. The mean duration of AD was 16 years. Eighty-two patients (62.2%) had other atopic conditions. Using SCORAD, 44.7% had mild, 42.4% moderate, and 12.9% severe disease. Eighty-six patients (65.2%) self-reported to have seafood allergy, with the main symptoms of transient pruritus and erythema within 2 h of ingestion. SPT revealed 51....

Background: Since its emergence, COVID-19 has affected more than one million people with over 100... more Background: Since its emergence, COVID-19 has affected more than one million people with over 100,000 deaths globally as of early April 2020. In this review, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on patients with COVID-19. Methods: PubMed, CENTRAL, Google Scholar, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and Trial Registers: ISRCTN; UMIN-CTR (Japan's Trial Register); and the WHO portal up were searched for the in vitro and in vivo studies of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine.Results: Moderate-certainty evidence from a single published RCT to-date showed that after a five-days treatment, patients on hydroxychloroquine may have shorter symptom duration compared to the control group, including fever (MD-1.0 day (95% CI -1.48, -0.52), cough (MD -1.1 day (95% CI -1.63, -0.57) and higher likelihood of having improved chest CT appearance (RR 1.47 (95% CI 1.02, 2.11), no clear differences was observed in the risk of progressing to severe illness and risk of ...

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics

Global Journal of Health Science

Substance use disorder (SUD) has both social and public health problems with a substantial burden... more Substance use disorder (SUD) has both social and public health problems with a substantial burden to society. SUD is a type of mental illness and has been described as a chronic relapsing disease. Treatments for SUD may include among others, psychosocial rehabilitation as a provision to comprehensive treatment to address the social and behavioral issues. These psychosocial components can address the issues of morality, spirituality, and religion. Religion and spirituality are believed to support SUD clients in the reduction of drug use, other associated high-risk behaviors, and criminal issues. In promoting treatment retention, it is important to reduce the drug use, maintain abstinence, and influence the self-esteem and coping ability of SUD clients. Hence, this review was conducted to determine the effects of psychosocial and spiritual support towards clients with substance abuse problem. We had followed the framework from Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review in identifying publis...