Olga Demidova - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Olga Demidova

All aged 16 & over 16-17 18-24 25-34 35-49 50-64 (male) and 50-59 (female) 65+ (male) and 60+ (fe... more All aged 16 & over 16-17 18-24 25-34 35-49 50-64 (male) and 50-59 (female) 65+ (male) and 60+ (female)

This paper analyses the impact of reform and different regulation regimes on the effectiveness of... more This paper analyses the impact of reform and different regulation regimes on the effectiveness of procurement at a large state university in the period from 2008 to 2012. We evaluate the impact on the procurement effectiveness parameters of two significant changes in the public procurement regulations: transfer to electronic auctions from 2010 under the Federal Law and the adoption by this organization of its own Procurement Provision from 2011. We show that transfer to electronic auctions leads to higher competition and more significant price decreases, whereas the adoption of Procurement provision has the opposite effect. Regarding delays in contract execution, the first reform has no effect and the second regulation change results in decreasing delays.

The latest crisis has exacerbated two negative macroeconomic phenomena, particularly in Southern ... more The latest crisis has exacerbated two negative macroeconomic phenomena, particularly in Southern Europe. The size and persistence of youth unemployment has become unacceptable after 2010. Stagnation in labour productivity instead goes back to the ‘90s, but it has not improved since then and even worsen with the crisis. In this paper we analysed these two macroeconomic features, using aggregate data, in relation to labour market characteristics. Reforms of regulation, in many countries over the past twenty years, introduced a set of newly designed job contracts that allowed the use of temporary work. At the same time, Employment Protection Regulation encompassed temporary workers too. The availability of new contracts and EPLT changed the incentives of firms to vary their labour needs, and to invest in new technology. Eventually, this should have an impact on labour productivity and unemployment. We distinguished between temporary young and adult workers and, conditional to the level...

Eastern European Economics, 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the common and different determinants of youth unemploym... more The purpose of this study is to identify the common and different determinants of youth unemployment in the eastern and western regions of Russia, and especially to determine whether there are spatial effects. Dynamic panel models were estimated using the Arellano-Bond method; these models included four boundary-weighted matrices and four types of explanatory variables: (1) variables characterizing the demographic situation in a region, (2) variables on the migration processes in a region, (3) variables characterizing the economic situation in a region, and (4) variables on the export-import activity of a region.

CESifo Economic Studies, 2017

This article is focused on the analysis of the determinants of job satisfaction of Russian worker... more This article is focused on the analysis of the determinants of job satisfaction of Russian workers through the estimation of ordered logit models with individual fixed effects on a panel data set extracted from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey. The real wage results positively associated with job satisfaction on all samples considered, after controlling for several time-varying controls aimed at picking up time-varying human capital, preferences, and non-instantaneous equilibrium adjustments. As long as the included controls capture all the heterogeneous trends in individual wages, we may interpret this result as a possible failure of the theory of compensating wage differentials in the Russian labour market.

Economy of Region, 2021

The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation until 2025 aims at the economic gro... more The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation until 2025 aims at the economic growth acceleration and reduction of the intra-regional socio-economic differences. Therefore, the factors affecting the economic growth of regions, convergence of regions, spillover effects from the neighbouring regions are of importance. Russian regions are very different and do not converge to a unique equilibrium path. 80 Russian regions were divided into the groups of poor, middle and rich regions. Three main hypotheses were considered, based on the differences in the 1) convergence speed, 2) influence of the same factors, 3) different mutual influence of regions. They were tested using a modified spatially autoregressive model for the three groups using the Russian regional data for 2000–2017. Beta-convergence was found only for the middle and rich regions, the rate of convergence was higher in the rich regions. The poor regions did not grow faster than the other regions, confirming t...

Eastern Journal of European Studies, 2014

The paper focuses on a comparative analysis of people's attitudes towards immigrants' rol... more The paper focuses on a comparative analysis of people's attitudes towards immigrants' role in several aspects of countries' life depending on the individual's socio-demographic and economic characteristics in Estonia and Russia. The empirical part of the paper relies on the European Social Survey (ESS) fifth round database. The results of the study show that the Estonian people's attitudes towards immigrants are, on the average, better in all aspects of the country's life – economy, culture and the country as a living place, compared to the Russian one. Both economic and non-economic factors explain the observed variation of individuals' opinions regarding the role of immigrants in a country's life. Ethnic minorities, religious people and people with higher income are more tolerant to immigrants in both countries. Socio-demographic characteristics such as age, gender and education are valid determinants of people's attitudes towards immigrants onl...

The collection of articles by 31 authors, "Geographical Labor Market Imbalances" (edite... more The collection of articles by 31 authors, "Geographical Labor Market Imbalances" (edited by Chiara Mussida and Francesco Pastore) belongs to the AIEL Series in Labor Economics published by Springer Verlag and impresses the readers with the broad spectrum of problems examined therein. The book consists of introduction and four parts. The structure of the book is well thought of, the material of each part is smoothly connected to the previous parts. The chapters' distribution inside each part is well balanced. Attractive features of the book are extended number of applied econometric methods and a variety of empirical data used for the analysis.

Applied Econometrics, 2011

How seriously does the degree of trust in basic social and political institutions for people from... more How seriously does the degree of trust in basic social and political institutions for people from different countries depend on their individual characteristics? To answer this question, three types of models have been estimated using the data of the fifth wave of the World Value Survey: the first one based on the assumption about a generalized relationship for all countries, the second one taking into account heterogeneity of countries (using introduction of the country-level variables), the third type applying a preliminary subdivision of countries into five clusters. The obtained results have been used for suggestion of possible actions to increase public confidence in the basic institutions

We consider forecasting unemployment in Russian and German region with the help of econometric pa... more We consider forecasting unemployment in Russian and German region with the help of econometric panel data models. Using regional data from 2005 till 2012 we show that spatial panel data models perform better in terms of forecasting accuracy than other models (on average and at least for some distinct regions) such as non-spatial panel data models, pooled OLS, models without exploratory variables and naive forecasts (average value for one or several previous periods).

In this paper, we regard public procurements as an instrument used by the state for indirect supp... more In this paper, we regard public procurements as an instrument used by the state for indirect support of enterprises. In this context, we have posed the following questions: what place do the public procurements occupy in the system of relations between business and the state? Can we regard them as a component in the system of exchanges between enterprises and authorities? To what extent do public procurements are combined with measures for direct support of enterprises? To answer these questions, we used the data from a surveyof enterprises conducted by the Institute for Industrial and Market Studies at the National Research University - Higher School of Economics in 2009. Our analysis gives us grounds to believe that as economic development of a region rises, direct support of enterprises declines giving way to indirect support by means of public procurements.

Researchers have repeatedly noted that the results in spatial-econometric studies depend signific... more Researchers have repeatedly noted that the results in spatial-econometric studies depend significantly on the level of regional aggregation (Jacobs-Crisioni et al., 2014; Kang et al., 2014, Baltagi, Li, 2014). Currently, hierarchical models can contribute a lot to the studies of spatial effects since they take into account nested structure of regions (Dong, Harris, 2014). In addition, some studies say that econometric results also depend on the choice of the weights matrix W and the estimation method used (Elhorst, Vega, 2013; Kukenova, 2008). In different studies Monte-Carlo method with specially generated data is used to justify the selection of models or estimation method and to test the goodness-of-fit criteria (Kukenova, 2008, Piras, 2012). There are not so many studies that use real data. In this work we try to fill this gap by using different models for economic growth in the Russian regions. The data for 75 Russian regions within the period between 2005 and 2011years are use...

What is the attitude of the inhabitants of European countries to their coexistence with immigrant... more What is the attitude of the inhabitants of European countries to their coexistence with immigrants? The present study attempts to answer this question using the data of the fifth wave of the European Social Survey. All the countries in the sample were divided into three groups: the countries which joined the EU before 2004, those which joined the EU after 2004, and non EU countries. It has been shown that the determinants of the attitude of these three groups of people to the issue raised above are often significantly different.

Structural Change and Economic Dynamics

Journal of Public Procurement

In this paper, we regard public procurement as an instrument used by the government for indirect ... more In this paper, we regard public procurement as an instrument used by the government for indirect support of enterprises. In this context, we have investigated the place that public procurement occupy in statebusiness interrelations. Using data from a large survey of Russian manufacturing enterprises conducted in 2009 we show that in Russia public procurement cannot be regarded as a component in the system of exchanges, and the extent of combination between direct and indirect support depends on the level of government. At the federal level direct and indirect instruments of government support complement each other. At the regional and local levels the effect of mutual complementation can be observed only in relations with firms, which conceal information about their ownership structure and are supposedly affiliated with regional and local bureaucrats. In relations with other firms at regional and local levels direct and indirect support substitutes each other.

The main purpose of this paper is to estimate the influence of the 1998 and 2008 crises on the yo... more The main purpose of this paper is to estimate the influence of the 1998 and 2008 crises on the youth unemployment rates (age class 20-29) in Russian regions. The investigation is founded on the panel data for 78 Russian regions during 1997–2008 provided by ROSSTAT (the main Russian State statistical organization). We compare the level and dynamics of the youth unemployment in various Russian regions and try to solve three main questions. Are there any special features of the youth unemployment in comparison with overall unemployment? How the 1998 crisis did change - and how the 2008 crisis is going to change - the youth unemployment dynamics? What can we learn from the impact of 1998 crisis and what is the main difference with the impact of the 2008 crisis? With the help of the obtained results we define some preliminary policy suggestion.

Economy of Region

The purpose of this study is to identify factors that affect the level of employment in Russian r... more The purpose of this study is to identify factors that affect the level of employment in Russian regions. However, Russia is not a homogeneous country, and this effect may not be the same for all regions. That is why we split the regions of Russia into three groups, depending on the state of the labor market in this and neighboring regions. The HH (high-high) group comprises regions with a favorable situation in their labor markets, and which are also surrounded mostly by prosperous regions. Two groups of regions with a less favorable situation are located respectively in the south of Russia (LL1, low-low group 1) and southern Siberia and Zabaikalye (LL2, low-low group 2). We considered the twelve-year period from 2005 to 2016. As explanatory variables, we used variables for the attractiveness of the region, demographic characteristics of the region, and the degree of diversity of employees by economic activities. We tested hypotheses about differences in 1) the spatial effects and 2) the impact of the various explanatory variables for these groups of variables. To test our main hypotheses, we used spatial regression dynamic models estimated with the help of the generalized method of moments. Both main hypotheses received empirical confirmation. Spatial effects were different. The regions of the LL2 group are not affected by the situation in other local markets; regions of LL1 and HH groups are affected by the rest of Russia's regions, and the extent of this influence decreases with the increase in geographical distance between regions. Moreover, the regions of the LL1 group compete with neighboring regions: if the situation in one of them improves, then it draws on the resources of the others. Regarding the impact of the explanatory variables, the "group effect" was revealed for the variables: share of urban population, net migration rate, shares of people below and above working age, share of people with higher education. Our results can favor the better design of national and regional policies to improve labor market performance in Russia based on the heterogeneity of the Russian regions.