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Conference Presentations by Richard Stojar

This text examines the political, social, economic, ethnocultural and international variables pot... more This text examines the political, social, economic, ethnocultural and international variables potentially impacting the success of far right political parties in Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania. The author concludes that the chief external factors influencing the success of formations on the far right are: the position, tactics and strategy of mainstream political parties, electoral design, a strong national minority situated outside the mother state or a national minority inside the state with strong political representation, along with a particular country´s feelings of humiliation and a complicated EU integration process as international variables. The set of variables differs from country to country. The Balkan region is one where the performance of far right parties 2 deserves close monitoring. This is true not only because of the intense nationalism which engulfed the region in the 1990s but also because of EU enlargement and the changes which that might bring to the far right party family in the region in the form of altered positions, new strategies and tactics, and the rise of new party formations. The text will take as its focus the politics of the far right in Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania, these being the countries of the Western and Eastern

Papers by Richard Stojar

Since the 1980s, it has been possible to identify changes in the military-strategic dimension, wh... more Since the 1980s, it has been possible to identify changes in the military-strategic dimension, which are associated with the concept of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). The development of new (weapon) technologies (e.g. precision-guided munitions, unmanned aerial vehicles) represents opportunity (and challenges) especially for states to enhance their military power and change their status in the system of international relations. Nowadays, the U.S. still represent the main actor of this system, however, we can identify several rivals on the global or regional levels. People’s Republic of China (PRC) is one of these challengers. From this point of view, the development of autonomous systems (AxS) could strengthen the Chinese military capabilities and enhance the threat for the position of the U.S. and their allies (NATO). However, this presumption depends on the transformation of the Chinese strategic thinking that could address such opportunity. The aim of this paper is to ...

The book analyses the security situation in the region of Western Balkans and tries to give futur... more The book analyses the security situation in the region of Western Balkans and tries to give future perspectives.

The text deals with the psychological and ethical aspects of using autonomous weapons. It focuses... more The text deals with the psychological and ethical aspects of using autonomous weapons. It focuses on controversies associated with the contemporary use of robotic weapons, respectively unmanned weapon systems and the possible use of autonomous weapons in future armed conflicts led by state and non-state actors. These means can achieve significant success at the tactical level while minimizing their own human loss or even the complete absence of their own human element at the point of projection of military force. However, their use may, on the other hand, be in direct contradiction with the long-term strategic objectives of their user and partially delegitimize his intentions. War, as a complex phenomenon, is not limited to direct combat activity, and in relation to a number of non-military factors, the use of autonomous weapons can be problematic from both ethical and psychological points of view. Thus, the military and technological superiority of one party may be partially offset...

The paper deals with the Eurasia project, which was presented last year (2011) by Vladimir Putin ... more The paper deals with the Eurasia project, which was presented last year (2011) by Vladimir Putin as a next step of the Common Economic Space of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. It informs about the vision of regional cooperation of the Eurasian union (EAU), which was inspired by the European integration, both real and potential copying of EU institutions, and also cooperation in the field of security. The author also analyses the Russian economical and strategic interests in the region as well as the motivation of Belarus and Kazakhstan in deepening the cooperation with Russia and the limits in the economical-security integration. It also deals with the Russian ambitions in the Central Asia which should react to the potential threats to Russian interests in this region and presents those in the context of EAU. In October 2011, Vladimir Putin initiated the creation of the EAU. This amounted to the restoration of the idea of reunifying the former Soviet republics, on a new basis and wi...

Obrana A Strategie (defence and Strategy), 2017

The security environment development along with the internal political and social economic aspect... more The security environment development along with the internal political and social economic aspects directly affect the armed forces building process all around the world. This paper analyses the trends of upgrade in the Armed Forces of Belgium as a country comparable to the Czech Republic through the reform process, specialisation options outline and Belgian Army modernisation.

This chapter analyses the development of the extreme right paramilitary units in Eastern Europe. ... more This chapter analyses the development of the extreme right paramilitary units in Eastern Europe. It deals with their tradition in this area, with their role in post-communist armed conflicts, with recruiment and organization of volunteer units for foreign conflicts and with vigilante activities by extreme-right paramilitaries.

The article focuses on the roots of success of the most successful far right parties in the area ... more The article focuses on the roots of success of the most successful far right parties in the area of the Balkans.

Obrana a strategie (Defence and Strategy)

Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems

Nowadays, from the military perspective, development of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) represent... more Nowadays, from the military perspective, development of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) represents opportunity especially for States to enhance their military power and change their status in the system of international relations probably with the presumptions of the new Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). Not-only the most powerful States such as the U.S., People’s Republic of China, or Russian Federation, but practically all State and non-State actors closely scrutinize this process and its implication for the future security environment. On the other hand, implementation of the AWS technologies poses many challenges (for example independence of AWS on the human control and decision-making processes), which are connected with almost completely new nature of these weapon systems and their influence on the relations across the humankind and its general character. The aim of this paper is to analyse one possible set of such challenges focusing on legal and legitimate (ethical) aspects of the AWS and their compliance with the public international law. Analyses will focus on norms of international humanitarian law and their connections with ethical perspective. This paper will provide necessary understanding of the AWS’ (non)conformity with the international norms based on the international customs and treaties relevant (and binding) for the NATO members State and their efforts to implement such technologies.

This chapter analyses role of lone terrorists in extreme right strategies and it deals with the m... more This chapter analyses role of lone terrorists in extreme right strategies and it deals with the most important cases of extreme right lone actor terrorism from various regions of the world.

Obrana a strategie (Defence and Strategy)

Obrana a strategie (Defence and Strategy)

This text examines the political, social, economic, ethnocultural and international variables pot... more This text examines the political, social, economic, ethnocultural and international variables potentially impacting the success of far right political parties in Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania. The author concludes that the chief external factors influencing the success of formations on the far right are: the position, tactics and strategy of mainstream political parties, electoral design, a strong national minority situated outside the mother state or a national minority inside the state with strong political representation, along with a particular country´s feelings of humiliation and a complicated EU integration process as international variables. The set of variables differs from country to country. The Balkan region is one where the performance of far right parties 2 deserves close monitoring. This is true not only because of the intense nationalism which engulfed the region in the 1990s but also because of EU enlargement and the changes which that might bring to the far right party family in the region in the form of altered positions, new strategies and tactics, and the rise of new party formations. The text will take as its focus the politics of the far right in Serbia, Bulgaria and Romania, these being the countries of the Western and Eastern

Since the 1980s, it has been possible to identify changes in the military-strategic dimension, wh... more Since the 1980s, it has been possible to identify changes in the military-strategic dimension, which are associated with the concept of the Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). The development of new (weapon) technologies (e.g. precision-guided munitions, unmanned aerial vehicles) represents opportunity (and challenges) especially for states to enhance their military power and change their status in the system of international relations. Nowadays, the U.S. still represent the main actor of this system, however, we can identify several rivals on the global or regional levels. People’s Republic of China (PRC) is one of these challengers. From this point of view, the development of autonomous systems (AxS) could strengthen the Chinese military capabilities and enhance the threat for the position of the U.S. and their allies (NATO). However, this presumption depends on the transformation of the Chinese strategic thinking that could address such opportunity. The aim of this paper is to ...

The book analyses the security situation in the region of Western Balkans and tries to give futur... more The book analyses the security situation in the region of Western Balkans and tries to give future perspectives.

The text deals with the psychological and ethical aspects of using autonomous weapons. It focuses... more The text deals with the psychological and ethical aspects of using autonomous weapons. It focuses on controversies associated with the contemporary use of robotic weapons, respectively unmanned weapon systems and the possible use of autonomous weapons in future armed conflicts led by state and non-state actors. These means can achieve significant success at the tactical level while minimizing their own human loss or even the complete absence of their own human element at the point of projection of military force. However, their use may, on the other hand, be in direct contradiction with the long-term strategic objectives of their user and partially delegitimize his intentions. War, as a complex phenomenon, is not limited to direct combat activity, and in relation to a number of non-military factors, the use of autonomous weapons can be problematic from both ethical and psychological points of view. Thus, the military and technological superiority of one party may be partially offset...

The paper deals with the Eurasia project, which was presented last year (2011) by Vladimir Putin ... more The paper deals with the Eurasia project, which was presented last year (2011) by Vladimir Putin as a next step of the Common Economic Space of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. It informs about the vision of regional cooperation of the Eurasian union (EAU), which was inspired by the European integration, both real and potential copying of EU institutions, and also cooperation in the field of security. The author also analyses the Russian economical and strategic interests in the region as well as the motivation of Belarus and Kazakhstan in deepening the cooperation with Russia and the limits in the economical-security integration. It also deals with the Russian ambitions in the Central Asia which should react to the potential threats to Russian interests in this region and presents those in the context of EAU. In October 2011, Vladimir Putin initiated the creation of the EAU. This amounted to the restoration of the idea of reunifying the former Soviet republics, on a new basis and wi...

Obrana A Strategie (defence and Strategy), 2017

The security environment development along with the internal political and social economic aspect... more The security environment development along with the internal political and social economic aspects directly affect the armed forces building process all around the world. This paper analyses the trends of upgrade in the Armed Forces of Belgium as a country comparable to the Czech Republic through the reform process, specialisation options outline and Belgian Army modernisation.

This chapter analyses the development of the extreme right paramilitary units in Eastern Europe. ... more This chapter analyses the development of the extreme right paramilitary units in Eastern Europe. It deals with their tradition in this area, with their role in post-communist armed conflicts, with recruiment and organization of volunteer units for foreign conflicts and with vigilante activities by extreme-right paramilitaries.

The article focuses on the roots of success of the most successful far right parties in the area ... more The article focuses on the roots of success of the most successful far right parties in the area of the Balkans.

Obrana a strategie (Defence and Strategy)

Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems

Nowadays, from the military perspective, development of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) represent... more Nowadays, from the military perspective, development of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) represents opportunity especially for States to enhance their military power and change their status in the system of international relations probably with the presumptions of the new Revolution in Military Affairs (RMA). Not-only the most powerful States such as the U.S., People’s Republic of China, or Russian Federation, but practically all State and non-State actors closely scrutinize this process and its implication for the future security environment. On the other hand, implementation of the AWS technologies poses many challenges (for example independence of AWS on the human control and decision-making processes), which are connected with almost completely new nature of these weapon systems and their influence on the relations across the humankind and its general character. The aim of this paper is to analyse one possible set of such challenges focusing on legal and legitimate (ethical) aspects of the AWS and their compliance with the public international law. Analyses will focus on norms of international humanitarian law and their connections with ethical perspective. This paper will provide necessary understanding of the AWS’ (non)conformity with the international norms based on the international customs and treaties relevant (and binding) for the NATO members State and their efforts to implement such technologies.

This chapter analyses role of lone terrorists in extreme right strategies and it deals with the m... more This chapter analyses role of lone terrorists in extreme right strategies and it deals with the most important cases of extreme right lone actor terrorism from various regions of the world.

Obrana a strategie (Defence and Strategy)

Obrana a strategie (Defence and Strategy)

Obrana a strategie (Defence and Strategy)