Sonam Tripathi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Sonam Tripathi
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2020
The novel coronavirus (CoV), earlier named 2019-nCoV, and later as severe acute respiratory syndr... more The novel coronavirus (CoV), earlier named 2019-nCoV, and later as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now created havoc and panic across the globe by its severe ongoing pandemic. This virus has to date as of 23rd November 2020, killed nearly 1.4 million persons out of more than 59 million confirmed positive cases, while spreading rapidly in more than 215 countries and territories. Taxonomically, SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized in genus Betacoronavirus, which contains non-segmented positive-sense, single-stranded (ss) RNA genome of 30 kb. The first two open reading frames (ORFs), ORF1a and ORF1b, of SARS-CoV-2, encode 16 non-structural proteins (nsp1-nsp16), whereas other ORFs encodes four main structural proteins (sp) [spike (s) by ORF2, envelope (E) by ORF4, membrane (M) by ORF5, nucleoprotein (N) by ORF9], and accessory proteins essential for the virus fitness, pathogenesis and host immunity evasion. Sequence alignments of SARS-CoV-2 with genomes...
Journal of Environmental Management
Chemosphere
Distillery wastewater has high biological and chemical oxygen demand and requires additional trea... more Distillery wastewater has high biological and chemical oxygen demand and requires additional treatment before it can be safely discharged into receiving water. It is usually processed through a biomethanation digester and the end product is the post-methanated distillery effluent (PMDE). Research have shown that PMDE released by molasses-based distilleries is a hazardous effluent that can cause harm to the biota and the environment; it contains elevated amount of total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS) and excess levels of persistent organic compounds (POPs), heavy metals, phenolic compounds, and salts. The practice of wastewater reuse for irrigation in many water scarce countries necessitates the proper treatment of PMDE before it is discharged into receiving water. Convention methods have been in practice for decades, but innovative technologies are needed to enhance the efficiency of PMDE treatment. Advance physical treatment such as membrane separation technology using graphene, ion-exchange and ultrafiltration membranes; chemical treatment such as advanced oxidation methods, electrocoagulation and photocatalytic technologies; biological treatment such as microbial and enzymatic treatment; and hybrid treatment such as microbial-fuel cell (MFC), genetically modified organisms (GMO) and constructed wetland technologies, are promising new methods to improve the quality of PMDE. This review provides insight into current accomplishments evaluates their suitability and discusses future developments in the detoxification of PMDE. The consolidated knowledge will help to develop a better management for the safe disposal and the reuse of PMDE wastewater.
The compounds of pulp paper mill effluent discharged after secondary treatment is a major source ... more The compounds of pulp paper mill effluent discharged after secondary treatment is a major source of environmental toxicity, which is not yet known. The physico-chemical analysis of discharged effluent showed various pollution parameters (pH, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD) beyond permissible limit. Furthermore, the BOD, COD ratio of discharged effluent <0.2 this indicated not biodegradable properties of effluent. Therefore, persistent longer in environment and caused toxicity to aquatic resources. The analysis of effluent showed the presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals along with genotoxicity compound i.e. hexadecanoic acid and octadecenoic acid. Majority of these pollutants are androgenic and mutagenic in nature derived from plant steroid, fatty and resin acids of the plant during pulping processes which were not degraded by bacterial communities during biological treatment of effluent. Presences of recalcitrant pollutants along with a mixture of heavy metals i.e. Fe (81), Zn (31), Cu...
Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2021
Environmental Pollution, 2021
Restoring an environment contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is highly challen... more Restoring an environment contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is highly challenging. Biodegradation by biofilm-forming bacteria through quorum sensing (QS) is a promising treatment process to remove these pollutants and promotes eco-restoration. QS plays an important role in biofilm formation, solubilization, and bio-transformation of pollutants. QS is a density-based communication between microbial cells via signalling molecules, which coordinates specific characters and helps bacteria to acclimatize against stress conditions. Genetic diversification of a biofilm offers excellent opportunities for horizontal gene transfer, improves resistance against stress, and provides a suitable environment for the metabolism of POPs. To develop this technology in industrial scale, it is important to understand the fundamentals and ubiquitous nature of QS bacteria and appreciate the role of QS in the degradation of POPs. Currently, there are knowledge gaps regarding the environmental niche, abundance, and population of QS bacteria in wastewater treatment systems. This review aims to present up-to-date and state-of-the-art information on the roles of QS and QS-mediated strategies in industrial waste treatment including biological treatments (such as activated sludge), highlighting their potentials using examples from the pulp and paper mill industry, hydrocarbon remediation and phytoremediation. The information will help to provide a throughout understanding of the potential of QS to degrade POPs and advance the use of this technology. Current knowledge of QS strategies is limited to laboratory studies, full-scale applications remains challenging and more research is need to explore QS gene expression and test in full-scale reactors for wastewater treatment.
Bioresource Technology, 2021
Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including ... more Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author's name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pagination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award.
Environmental Pollution, 2021
This is the first report of the microbial community present in sugarcane molasses-based distiller... more This is the first report of the microbial community present in sugarcane molasses-based distillery sludge and their relationships with the organo-metallic pollutants present. Samples were collected from the discharge point, 1 and 2 km m downstream (D1, D2, and D3, respectively) and their physico-chemical properties characterised. Using QIIME, taxonomic assignment for the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA was performed. The phyla Fermicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Actinobacteria, Euryechaeota, Tenericutes and Patescibacteriawere the predominant bacteria in samples collected from all three sites. Spirochaetes, Sinergistetes and Cloacimonetes were only detected in samples from site D1.Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, and Observed-species indicesindicated that site D1 (10.18, 0.0013, 36706.55 and 45653.84, respectively) has higher bacterial diversity and richness than D2 (6.66, 0.0001, 25987.71 and 49655.89, respectively) and D3 (8.31, 0.002, 30345.53 and 30654.88, respectively), suggesting the organo-metallic pollutants provided the stressor to favour the survival of microbial community that can biodegradation and detoxification them in the distillery sludge. This finding provides important information for toxicity assessment on bacterial communities in distillery industry and selection of bioremediation candidates.
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021
Abstract This work aimed to explore the use of native herbs for the removal of heavy metals from ... more Abstract This work aimed to explore the use of native herbs for the removal of heavy metals from pulp and paper industry wastewater, with the view of applying them as part of a multidisciplinary approach for detoxification. Results showed that after in-situ phytoremediation by the native herbs, the heavy metal, and metalloid contents in the wastewater were reduced by almost 60%. Heavy metal analysis of the plant tissues revealed that Fe accumulation was highest in all the tested plants. In general, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) was higher than one (>1) for all the metals except for Cd, suggesting most of the metals were concentrated in the plant tissues. In particular, As was concentrated significantly in Momordica doica and Cannabis sativa with elevated BCF of 269.46 and 131.20, respectively. High translocation factor (>1) was observed in P. hysterophorus and Tribulus terrestris for Cr (5.63) and Cd (7.53), respectively. Results showed most of the native plants examined in this study had hyperaccumulating tendency. Transmission electron microscope analysis of plant root tissues showed abundant metal depositions in the root cell wall, cytoplasm, and vacuole as strong evidence of the in-situ phytoremediation capability of these plants. Antioxidants activities of the plants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, hydrogen peroxidase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase production were also noted to be higher than the control. These results support the use of native plants as a novel green process that can be integrated into the multidisciplinary treatment of hazardous industrial wastewater in the polluted sites.
Microbes in Land Use Change Management, 2021
Abstract The adaptation of any microorganism is morphological or biochemical changes required to ... more Abstract The adaptation of any microorganism is morphological or biochemical changes required to survive in their ecological niches. This indicates the evolutionary process of bacterial communities, where the individual organism becomes better suited to live in its habitat. The bacterial communities have a broad range of adaptations due to their unique cell membrane properties and versatile nutritional behavior. It may be thermophiles, psychrophiles, acidophiles, halophiles, alkalophiles, and barophiles. To maintain the variable environmental conditions bacterial cell membrane protein modification plays a crucial role in controlling their function. The genome sequence of various psychrophiles revealed the function of the cell membrane with an increased proportion of polyunsaturated and branched fatty acids to increase the fluidity at low temperature and the presence of cold shock proteins are also believed to increase translational efficiency by destabilizing secondary structure of mRNA. The plant strategies for growth and phytoremediation at the polluted site involved various biochemical mechanisms for the amelioration of environmental pollutants. The mechanism of plant strategies is regulated through the production of glutathione, phytochelatins, metallothioneins, and various organic acids. Therefore the plant may adopt phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, or rhizofiltration strategies based on the nature of pollutants and plant species. The phytoextraction process is mediated by the combined action of bacteria and plants due to secretion of some organic acids from plant and bacteria facilitating plant growth and transpiration mechanism. Consequently, various heavy metals are accumulated in the plant from complex organometallic wastes. The siderophores production for nutrient availability to plant is also a unique strategy of stress environment as a result of plant and bacterial interaction.
Heliyon, 2020
The present manuscript has focused on the heavy metal; accumulation potential by common native pl... more The present manuscript has focused on the heavy metal; accumulation potential by common native plants i.e. Chenopodium album L., Ricinus communis, Ranunculus sceleratus, and Rumex dentatus growing on the disposed of pulp and paper mill effluent sludge. The sludge showed the abundance of benzene propanoic acid tert-butyldimethylsilyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, TMS, Hexadecanoic acid, TMS, cinnamic acid-α-phenyl-TMS ester, β-sitosterol TMS, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as residual complex organic compounds along with heavy metals Fe (98.30 mg/L À1), Zn (51.00 mg/L À1), Cu (3.21 mg/L À1), Cd (9.11 mg/L À1), Mn (18.27 mg/L À1), Ni (5.21 mg/L À1), (Hg 0.014 mg/L À1) which were above the prescribed limit of environmental standard. The complexation of organic compounds with heavy metal restricts the bioavailability of metals to plants. But the metal analysis in various parts of the plant showed a significant amount of metal accumulation. Further, histological observations of root tissue through TEM showed apparent deposition of metal granules near the cell wall and vacuole as adoption features of plants. But the variable concentration of metal accumulation in different parts by various plants indicated the variable potential of tested plants with various metals. This also indicated their metal bioavailability and movement to plant tissue. Further, their bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) > 1.0 indicated the hyperaccumulation tendency of plants Mn was accumulated maximum in leaves C. album (69.38 mg/kg À1) followed by Cu (25.75 mg/kg À1), As (23.20 mg/kg À1), Fe (20.90 mg/kg À1) and Pb was maximum accumulated (22.41 mg/kg À1) in R. cummunis leaves. The result revealed that arsenic has been accumulated in higher amount root, shoot and leaves of all tested plants. The metal accumulator plants showed phytoremediation potential also by reducing various pollution parameters after growth on sludge. These potential plants may be used as biotechnological tools for the eco-restoration of polluted sites.
Bioresource Technology, 2021
• Discharged pulp and paper waste contains metal and metalloids. • Eclipta alba (L.) and Alternan... more • Discharged pulp and paper waste contains metal and metalloids. • Eclipta alba (L.) and Alternanthera philoxeroide (L.) have phytoremediation potential of pulp and paper mill. • Physico-chemical pollution parameter reduced more than 60%, respectively. • Selective plant showed >1.0 Bioconcentration factor. • This study may be effective technology for ecorestoration of polluted site.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2020
The purpose of this study is remediation of residual organic pollutants from effluent by autochth... more The purpose of this study is remediation of residual organic pollutants from effluent by autochthonous bacterial community in biostimulation process. Discharged effluent showed high TDS (549 mg L-1), tss (59 mg L-1), COD (20349 mg L-1) and BOD (25946 mg L-1), value. The level of total phenol (421 mg L-1), nitrogen (156 mg L-1), sulphate (1854 mg L-1), phosphorus (176 mg L-1) chlorine (2.01 mg L-1), sodium (75 mg L-1) and potassium (8.4 mg L-1) along with various heavy metals (Fe, 75.23; Zn, 15.60; Cu, 4.1; Cr, 3.12; Cd, 0.324; Mn, 13.24; and Ni, 4.01 mg L-1) were noted above the permissible limit of Environmental Protection Act. The result revealed that the reduction of the physico-chemical parameter of pollutants were above 50% after biostimulation process, this confirmed the potentiality of growing autochthonous bacterial community responsible for bioremediation. The comparative UV-Vis spectroscopy showed reduction in the absorption spectra of degraded sample. Further, GC-MS analysis showed major organic pollutants i.e. Octadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, citral, benzoic acid, and 2, 6'-Di-hydroxy acetophenone, bis (trimethylsilyl) ether, were detected in control few compounds were degraded while there was formation of some new metabolic products also. Few pollutants persisted in the degraded sample as recalcitrant toxicant and causes environmental toxicity and hormonal imbalance as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). But the detailed knowledge and characterization of organic pollutants are not available yet regarding their properties. The SEM image showed the diversity of bacterial community in biostimulation responsible for utilisation of various detected compounds. The growing bacterial communities were identified as potential bacterial strains as Aeromonas salmonicida, BBAUPS-1 (MN294457.1) and Bacillus sp. BBAUPS-2 (MN238724.1) responsible for the remediation of residual organic pollutants. Further, Evaluation of toxicity parameter of effluent by seed germination test of Triticum aestivum and Cicer arietinum inhibited the seed germination upto 80%. Hence, this study revealed that the biostimulation process is a good technique for detoxification and degradation effluent.
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2020
The discharged sludge from the pulp paper industry contains several organic and inorganic polluta... more The discharged sludge from the pulp paper industry contains several organic and inorganic pollutants even after secondary treatment, which might cause toxicity in plants. The present study was designed to investigate the accumulation and histological findings of heavy metal in Brassica campestris and Chenopodium album growing on sludge waste of pulp paper industry after secondary treatment. The physico-chemical analysis of sludge viz., pH, total solid (2678 mg L-1), total dissolved solid (2756 mg L-1), total suspended solid (189 mg L-1), chemical oxygen demand (43587 mg L-1), biological oxygen demand (1569 mg L-1), and electric conductivity (2067 ms cm-1) contents in it were found beyond the permissible limit. The result of study revealed that the heavy metal content in sludge viz., Cu (59), Ni (66), Fe (153), Mn (9.37) Zn (12.31) and Mg (11.8 mg L-1). Furthermore, the chlorophyll and carotenoids contents in B. campestris and C. album was (Chl-a 4.57-5.21 mg g-1 fw), (chl-b 5.29-5.89 mg g-1 fw), and (carotenoids 0.84-1.07 mg g-1 fw) also high. The effect of heavy metals on antioxidants enzyme of B. campestris and C. album growing on organometallic containing sludge waste was observed to be high. Further, the concentrations of heavy metals in B. campestris and C. album were reported in descending order as Fe (211-208)> Cu (62.37-49.87)>Zn (56.67-34.26) > Mn (36.37-42.37) > Mg (35.69-13.64)> Ni (9.36-6.51 mg kg-1) root> shoot> leaves respectively. Hence the result of study concluded that pulp paper industry sludge is the main source of metals accumulation in crop plants, and need to be appropriately treated before discharge in the environment for human and animal health safety.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2020
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus-2 (SARS-Co... more Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), pandemic has caused huge panic, havoc and global threats worldwide. The origin of this virus has been linked to animals, intermediate host is still to be identified, and studies are being carried out that how it got transmitted to humans and acquired rapid human-to-human transmission. Within a short time period of only 05 months, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 213 countries, and till 28th May, 2020, nearly 5.8 million confirmed cases have been reported while taking lives of 0.36 million persons. Seeing the current situation of rapid increase in COVID-19 cases daily in many countries, this seems to be the deadliest pandemic after the 1918 Spanish Flu. There is currently no specific effective treatment for COVID-19 and also in absence of vaccine the radical cure of the disease is far away. Researchers are pacing high to design and develop effective vaccines, drugs and therapeutics to count...
3 Biotech, 2018
The extracted sugarcane molasses-melanoidins showed the presence of Mn (8.20), Cr (2.97), Zn (16.... more The extracted sugarcane molasses-melanoidins showed the presence of Mn (8.20), Cr (2.97), Zn (16.61), Cu (2.55), Fe (373.95), Pb (2.59), and Ni (4.18 mg L) along with mixture of other organic compounds which have endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) properties. A consortium of aerobic bacteria comprising(KU321273),(KU726954),(KU726955), and(KU726957) showed the optimum decolourisation of molasses-melanoidins up to 81% through co-metabolism in the presence of glucose (1.0%) and peptone (0.2%) as a carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. The absorption spectrum scanning by UV-visible spectrophotometer between 200 and 700 nm revealed reductions of absorption spectrum of organic compounds present in bacterial degraded sample of melanoidins in range of 200-450 nm compared to control. The degradation and decolourisation of melanoidins by bacterial consortium was noted by induction of manganese peroxidase and laccase activities in sample supernatant. Furthermore, the TLC and HPLC analys...
Molecular Neurobiology, 2016
Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve ... more Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve the food demand for escalating population along with an incredible boost in the average human life span owing to orchestrated progress in rejuvenation therapy have gradually increased the occurrence of Parkinson&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (PD). Etiology is albeit elusive; association of PD with metal accumulation has never been overlooked due to noteworthy similitude between metal-exposure symptoms and a few cardinal features of disease. Even though metals are entailed in the vital functions, a hysterical shift, primarily augmentation, escorts the stern nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration. An increase in the passage of metals through the blood brain barrier and impaired metabolic activity and elimination system could lead to metal accumulation in the brain, which eventually makes dopaminergic neurons quite susceptible. In the present article, an update on implication of metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism has been provided. Moreover, encouraging and paradoxical facts and fictions associated with metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism have also been compiled. Systematic literature survey of PD is performed to describe updated information if metal accumulation is an epicenter or merely an outcome. Finally, a perspective on the association of metal accumulation with pesticide-induced Parkinsonism has been explained to unveil the likely impact of the former in the latter.
Indian forester, 1998
... Titre du document / Document title. VOLUME TABLES FOR AZADIRACHTA INDICA FOR GUJARAT REGION. ... more ... Titre du document / Document title. VOLUME TABLES FOR AZADIRACHTA INDICA FOR GUJARAT REGION. Auteur(s) / Author(s). JAIN RC ; TRIPATHI SP ; SINGH M. ; KISHAN KUMAR VS ; Revue / Journal Title. Indian forester ISSN 0019-4816 Source / Source. 1998, vol. ...
Molecular Neurobiology, Aug 1, 2016
Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve ... more Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve the food demand for escalating population along with an incredible boost in the average human life span owing to orchestrated progress in rejuvenation therapy have gradually increased the occurrence of Parkinson&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (PD). Etiology is albeit elusive; association of PD with metal accumulation has never been overlooked due to noteworthy similitude between metal-exposure symptoms and a few cardinal features of disease. Even though metals are entailed in the vital functions, a hysterical shift, primarily augmentation, escorts the stern nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration. An increase in the passage of metals through the blood brain barrier and impaired metabolic activity and elimination system could lead to metal accumulation in the brain, which eventually makes dopaminergic neurons quite susceptible. In the present article, an update on implication of metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism has been provided. Moreover, encouraging and paradoxical facts and fictions associated with metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism have also been compiled. Systematic literature survey of PD is performed to describe updated information if metal accumulation is an epicenter or merely an outcome. Finally, a perspective on the association of metal accumulation with pesticide-induced Parkinsonism has been explained to unveil the likely impact of the former in the latter.
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2020
The novel coronavirus (CoV), earlier named 2019-nCoV, and later as severe acute respiratory syndr... more The novel coronavirus (CoV), earlier named 2019-nCoV, and later as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has now created havoc and panic across the globe by its severe ongoing pandemic. This virus has to date as of 23rd November 2020, killed nearly 1.4 million persons out of more than 59 million confirmed positive cases, while spreading rapidly in more than 215 countries and territories. Taxonomically, SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized in genus Betacoronavirus, which contains non-segmented positive-sense, single-stranded (ss) RNA genome of 30 kb. The first two open reading frames (ORFs), ORF1a and ORF1b, of SARS-CoV-2, encode 16 non-structural proteins (nsp1-nsp16), whereas other ORFs encodes four main structural proteins (sp) [spike (s) by ORF2, envelope (E) by ORF4, membrane (M) by ORF5, nucleoprotein (N) by ORF9], and accessory proteins essential for the virus fitness, pathogenesis and host immunity evasion. Sequence alignments of SARS-CoV-2 with genomes...
Journal of Environmental Management
Chemosphere
Distillery wastewater has high biological and chemical oxygen demand and requires additional trea... more Distillery wastewater has high biological and chemical oxygen demand and requires additional treatment before it can be safely discharged into receiving water. It is usually processed through a biomethanation digester and the end product is the post-methanated distillery effluent (PMDE). Research have shown that PMDE released by molasses-based distilleries is a hazardous effluent that can cause harm to the biota and the environment; it contains elevated amount of total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS) and excess levels of persistent organic compounds (POPs), heavy metals, phenolic compounds, and salts. The practice of wastewater reuse for irrigation in many water scarce countries necessitates the proper treatment of PMDE before it is discharged into receiving water. Convention methods have been in practice for decades, but innovative technologies are needed to enhance the efficiency of PMDE treatment. Advance physical treatment such as membrane separation technology using graphene, ion-exchange and ultrafiltration membranes; chemical treatment such as advanced oxidation methods, electrocoagulation and photocatalytic technologies; biological treatment such as microbial and enzymatic treatment; and hybrid treatment such as microbial-fuel cell (MFC), genetically modified organisms (GMO) and constructed wetland technologies, are promising new methods to improve the quality of PMDE. This review provides insight into current accomplishments evaluates their suitability and discusses future developments in the detoxification of PMDE. The consolidated knowledge will help to develop a better management for the safe disposal and the reuse of PMDE wastewater.
The compounds of pulp paper mill effluent discharged after secondary treatment is a major source ... more The compounds of pulp paper mill effluent discharged after secondary treatment is a major source of environmental toxicity, which is not yet known. The physico-chemical analysis of discharged effluent showed various pollution parameters (pH, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD) beyond permissible limit. Furthermore, the BOD, COD ratio of discharged effluent <0.2 this indicated not biodegradable properties of effluent. Therefore, persistent longer in environment and caused toxicity to aquatic resources. The analysis of effluent showed the presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals along with genotoxicity compound i.e. hexadecanoic acid and octadecenoic acid. Majority of these pollutants are androgenic and mutagenic in nature derived from plant steroid, fatty and resin acids of the plant during pulping processes which were not degraded by bacterial communities during biological treatment of effluent. Presences of recalcitrant pollutants along with a mixture of heavy metals i.e. Fe (81), Zn (31), Cu...
Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2021
Environmental Pollution, 2021
Restoring an environment contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is highly challen... more Restoring an environment contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is highly challenging. Biodegradation by biofilm-forming bacteria through quorum sensing (QS) is a promising treatment process to remove these pollutants and promotes eco-restoration. QS plays an important role in biofilm formation, solubilization, and bio-transformation of pollutants. QS is a density-based communication between microbial cells via signalling molecules, which coordinates specific characters and helps bacteria to acclimatize against stress conditions. Genetic diversification of a biofilm offers excellent opportunities for horizontal gene transfer, improves resistance against stress, and provides a suitable environment for the metabolism of POPs. To develop this technology in industrial scale, it is important to understand the fundamentals and ubiquitous nature of QS bacteria and appreciate the role of QS in the degradation of POPs. Currently, there are knowledge gaps regarding the environmental niche, abundance, and population of QS bacteria in wastewater treatment systems. This review aims to present up-to-date and state-of-the-art information on the roles of QS and QS-mediated strategies in industrial waste treatment including biological treatments (such as activated sludge), highlighting their potentials using examples from the pulp and paper mill industry, hydrocarbon remediation and phytoremediation. The information will help to provide a throughout understanding of the potential of QS to degrade POPs and advance the use of this technology. Current knowledge of QS strategies is limited to laboratory studies, full-scale applications remains challenging and more research is need to explore QS gene expression and test in full-scale reactors for wastewater treatment.
Bioresource Technology, 2021
Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including ... more Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author's name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pagination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award.
Environmental Pollution, 2021
This is the first report of the microbial community present in sugarcane molasses-based distiller... more This is the first report of the microbial community present in sugarcane molasses-based distillery sludge and their relationships with the organo-metallic pollutants present. Samples were collected from the discharge point, 1 and 2 km m downstream (D1, D2, and D3, respectively) and their physico-chemical properties characterised. Using QIIME, taxonomic assignment for the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA was performed. The phyla Fermicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Actinobacteria, Euryechaeota, Tenericutes and Patescibacteriawere the predominant bacteria in samples collected from all three sites. Spirochaetes, Sinergistetes and Cloacimonetes were only detected in samples from site D1.Shannon, Simpson, Chao1, and Observed-species indicesindicated that site D1 (10.18, 0.0013, 36706.55 and 45653.84, respectively) has higher bacterial diversity and richness than D2 (6.66, 0.0001, 25987.71 and 49655.89, respectively) and D3 (8.31, 0.002, 30345.53 and 30654.88, respectively), suggesting the organo-metallic pollutants provided the stressor to favour the survival of microbial community that can biodegradation and detoxification them in the distillery sludge. This finding provides important information for toxicity assessment on bacterial communities in distillery industry and selection of bioremediation candidates.
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021
Abstract This work aimed to explore the use of native herbs for the removal of heavy metals from ... more Abstract This work aimed to explore the use of native herbs for the removal of heavy metals from pulp and paper industry wastewater, with the view of applying them as part of a multidisciplinary approach for detoxification. Results showed that after in-situ phytoremediation by the native herbs, the heavy metal, and metalloid contents in the wastewater were reduced by almost 60%. Heavy metal analysis of the plant tissues revealed that Fe accumulation was highest in all the tested plants. In general, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) was higher than one (>1) for all the metals except for Cd, suggesting most of the metals were concentrated in the plant tissues. In particular, As was concentrated significantly in Momordica doica and Cannabis sativa with elevated BCF of 269.46 and 131.20, respectively. High translocation factor (>1) was observed in P. hysterophorus and Tribulus terrestris for Cr (5.63) and Cd (7.53), respectively. Results showed most of the native plants examined in this study had hyperaccumulating tendency. Transmission electron microscope analysis of plant root tissues showed abundant metal depositions in the root cell wall, cytoplasm, and vacuole as strong evidence of the in-situ phytoremediation capability of these plants. Antioxidants activities of the plants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, hydrogen peroxidase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase production were also noted to be higher than the control. These results support the use of native plants as a novel green process that can be integrated into the multidisciplinary treatment of hazardous industrial wastewater in the polluted sites.
Microbes in Land Use Change Management, 2021
Abstract The adaptation of any microorganism is morphological or biochemical changes required to ... more Abstract The adaptation of any microorganism is morphological or biochemical changes required to survive in their ecological niches. This indicates the evolutionary process of bacterial communities, where the individual organism becomes better suited to live in its habitat. The bacterial communities have a broad range of adaptations due to their unique cell membrane properties and versatile nutritional behavior. It may be thermophiles, psychrophiles, acidophiles, halophiles, alkalophiles, and barophiles. To maintain the variable environmental conditions bacterial cell membrane protein modification plays a crucial role in controlling their function. The genome sequence of various psychrophiles revealed the function of the cell membrane with an increased proportion of polyunsaturated and branched fatty acids to increase the fluidity at low temperature and the presence of cold shock proteins are also believed to increase translational efficiency by destabilizing secondary structure of mRNA. The plant strategies for growth and phytoremediation at the polluted site involved various biochemical mechanisms for the amelioration of environmental pollutants. The mechanism of plant strategies is regulated through the production of glutathione, phytochelatins, metallothioneins, and various organic acids. Therefore the plant may adopt phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, or rhizofiltration strategies based on the nature of pollutants and plant species. The phytoextraction process is mediated by the combined action of bacteria and plants due to secretion of some organic acids from plant and bacteria facilitating plant growth and transpiration mechanism. Consequently, various heavy metals are accumulated in the plant from complex organometallic wastes. The siderophores production for nutrient availability to plant is also a unique strategy of stress environment as a result of plant and bacterial interaction.
Heliyon, 2020
The present manuscript has focused on the heavy metal; accumulation potential by common native pl... more The present manuscript has focused on the heavy metal; accumulation potential by common native plants i.e. Chenopodium album L., Ricinus communis, Ranunculus sceleratus, and Rumex dentatus growing on the disposed of pulp and paper mill effluent sludge. The sludge showed the abundance of benzene propanoic acid tert-butyldimethylsilyl ester, Octadecanoic acid, TMS, Hexadecanoic acid, TMS, cinnamic acid-α-phenyl-TMS ester, β-sitosterol TMS, 4-mercaptobenzoic acid as residual complex organic compounds along with heavy metals Fe (98.30 mg/L À1), Zn (51.00 mg/L À1), Cu (3.21 mg/L À1), Cd (9.11 mg/L À1), Mn (18.27 mg/L À1), Ni (5.21 mg/L À1), (Hg 0.014 mg/L À1) which were above the prescribed limit of environmental standard. The complexation of organic compounds with heavy metal restricts the bioavailability of metals to plants. But the metal analysis in various parts of the plant showed a significant amount of metal accumulation. Further, histological observations of root tissue through TEM showed apparent deposition of metal granules near the cell wall and vacuole as adoption features of plants. But the variable concentration of metal accumulation in different parts by various plants indicated the variable potential of tested plants with various metals. This also indicated their metal bioavailability and movement to plant tissue. Further, their bioconcentration factor (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) > 1.0 indicated the hyperaccumulation tendency of plants Mn was accumulated maximum in leaves C. album (69.38 mg/kg À1) followed by Cu (25.75 mg/kg À1), As (23.20 mg/kg À1), Fe (20.90 mg/kg À1) and Pb was maximum accumulated (22.41 mg/kg À1) in R. cummunis leaves. The result revealed that arsenic has been accumulated in higher amount root, shoot and leaves of all tested plants. The metal accumulator plants showed phytoremediation potential also by reducing various pollution parameters after growth on sludge. These potential plants may be used as biotechnological tools for the eco-restoration of polluted sites.
Bioresource Technology, 2021
• Discharged pulp and paper waste contains metal and metalloids. • Eclipta alba (L.) and Alternan... more • Discharged pulp and paper waste contains metal and metalloids. • Eclipta alba (L.) and Alternanthera philoxeroide (L.) have phytoremediation potential of pulp and paper mill. • Physico-chemical pollution parameter reduced more than 60%, respectively. • Selective plant showed >1.0 Bioconcentration factor. • This study may be effective technology for ecorestoration of polluted site.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2020
The purpose of this study is remediation of residual organic pollutants from effluent by autochth... more The purpose of this study is remediation of residual organic pollutants from effluent by autochthonous bacterial community in biostimulation process. Discharged effluent showed high TDS (549 mg L-1), tss (59 mg L-1), COD (20349 mg L-1) and BOD (25946 mg L-1), value. The level of total phenol (421 mg L-1), nitrogen (156 mg L-1), sulphate (1854 mg L-1), phosphorus (176 mg L-1) chlorine (2.01 mg L-1), sodium (75 mg L-1) and potassium (8.4 mg L-1) along with various heavy metals (Fe, 75.23; Zn, 15.60; Cu, 4.1; Cr, 3.12; Cd, 0.324; Mn, 13.24; and Ni, 4.01 mg L-1) were noted above the permissible limit of Environmental Protection Act. The result revealed that the reduction of the physico-chemical parameter of pollutants were above 50% after biostimulation process, this confirmed the potentiality of growing autochthonous bacterial community responsible for bioremediation. The comparative UV-Vis spectroscopy showed reduction in the absorption spectra of degraded sample. Further, GC-MS analysis showed major organic pollutants i.e. Octadecanoic acid, Hexadecanoic acid, citral, benzoic acid, and 2, 6'-Di-hydroxy acetophenone, bis (trimethylsilyl) ether, were detected in control few compounds were degraded while there was formation of some new metabolic products also. Few pollutants persisted in the degraded sample as recalcitrant toxicant and causes environmental toxicity and hormonal imbalance as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). But the detailed knowledge and characterization of organic pollutants are not available yet regarding their properties. The SEM image showed the diversity of bacterial community in biostimulation responsible for utilisation of various detected compounds. The growing bacterial communities were identified as potential bacterial strains as Aeromonas salmonicida, BBAUPS-1 (MN294457.1) and Bacillus sp. BBAUPS-2 (MN238724.1) responsible for the remediation of residual organic pollutants. Further, Evaluation of toxicity parameter of effluent by seed germination test of Triticum aestivum and Cicer arietinum inhibited the seed germination upto 80%. Hence, this study revealed that the biostimulation process is a good technique for detoxification and degradation effluent.
Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2020
The discharged sludge from the pulp paper industry contains several organic and inorganic polluta... more The discharged sludge from the pulp paper industry contains several organic and inorganic pollutants even after secondary treatment, which might cause toxicity in plants. The present study was designed to investigate the accumulation and histological findings of heavy metal in Brassica campestris and Chenopodium album growing on sludge waste of pulp paper industry after secondary treatment. The physico-chemical analysis of sludge viz., pH, total solid (2678 mg L-1), total dissolved solid (2756 mg L-1), total suspended solid (189 mg L-1), chemical oxygen demand (43587 mg L-1), biological oxygen demand (1569 mg L-1), and electric conductivity (2067 ms cm-1) contents in it were found beyond the permissible limit. The result of study revealed that the heavy metal content in sludge viz., Cu (59), Ni (66), Fe (153), Mn (9.37) Zn (12.31) and Mg (11.8 mg L-1). Furthermore, the chlorophyll and carotenoids contents in B. campestris and C. album was (Chl-a 4.57-5.21 mg g-1 fw), (chl-b 5.29-5.89 mg g-1 fw), and (carotenoids 0.84-1.07 mg g-1 fw) also high. The effect of heavy metals on antioxidants enzyme of B. campestris and C. album growing on organometallic containing sludge waste was observed to be high. Further, the concentrations of heavy metals in B. campestris and C. album were reported in descending order as Fe (211-208)> Cu (62.37-49.87)>Zn (56.67-34.26) > Mn (36.37-42.37) > Mg (35.69-13.64)> Ni (9.36-6.51 mg kg-1) root> shoot> leaves respectively. Hence the result of study concluded that pulp paper industry sludge is the main source of metals accumulation in crop plants, and need to be appropriately treated before discharge in the environment for human and animal health safety.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2020
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus-2 (SARS-Co... more Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), pandemic has caused huge panic, havoc and global threats worldwide. The origin of this virus has been linked to animals, intermediate host is still to be identified, and studies are being carried out that how it got transmitted to humans and acquired rapid human-to-human transmission. Within a short time period of only 05 months, SARS-CoV-2 has spread to 213 countries, and till 28th May, 2020, nearly 5.8 million confirmed cases have been reported while taking lives of 0.36 million persons. Seeing the current situation of rapid increase in COVID-19 cases daily in many countries, this seems to be the deadliest pandemic after the 1918 Spanish Flu. There is currently no specific effective treatment for COVID-19 and also in absence of vaccine the radical cure of the disease is far away. Researchers are pacing high to design and develop effective vaccines, drugs and therapeutics to count...
3 Biotech, 2018
The extracted sugarcane molasses-melanoidins showed the presence of Mn (8.20), Cr (2.97), Zn (16.... more The extracted sugarcane molasses-melanoidins showed the presence of Mn (8.20), Cr (2.97), Zn (16.61), Cu (2.55), Fe (373.95), Pb (2.59), and Ni (4.18 mg L) along with mixture of other organic compounds which have endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) properties. A consortium of aerobic bacteria comprising(KU321273),(KU726954),(KU726955), and(KU726957) showed the optimum decolourisation of molasses-melanoidins up to 81% through co-metabolism in the presence of glucose (1.0%) and peptone (0.2%) as a carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. The absorption spectrum scanning by UV-visible spectrophotometer between 200 and 700 nm revealed reductions of absorption spectrum of organic compounds present in bacterial degraded sample of melanoidins in range of 200-450 nm compared to control. The degradation and decolourisation of melanoidins by bacterial consortium was noted by induction of manganese peroxidase and laccase activities in sample supernatant. Furthermore, the TLC and HPLC analys...
Molecular Neurobiology, 2016
Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve ... more Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve the food demand for escalating population along with an incredible boost in the average human life span owing to orchestrated progress in rejuvenation therapy have gradually increased the occurrence of Parkinson&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (PD). Etiology is albeit elusive; association of PD with metal accumulation has never been overlooked due to noteworthy similitude between metal-exposure symptoms and a few cardinal features of disease. Even though metals are entailed in the vital functions, a hysterical shift, primarily augmentation, escorts the stern nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration. An increase in the passage of metals through the blood brain barrier and impaired metabolic activity and elimination system could lead to metal accumulation in the brain, which eventually makes dopaminergic neurons quite susceptible. In the present article, an update on implication of metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism has been provided. Moreover, encouraging and paradoxical facts and fictions associated with metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism have also been compiled. Systematic literature survey of PD is performed to describe updated information if metal accumulation is an epicenter or merely an outcome. Finally, a perspective on the association of metal accumulation with pesticide-induced Parkinsonism has been explained to unveil the likely impact of the former in the latter.
Indian forester, 1998
... Titre du document / Document title. VOLUME TABLES FOR AZADIRACHTA INDICA FOR GUJARAT REGION. ... more ... Titre du document / Document title. VOLUME TABLES FOR AZADIRACHTA INDICA FOR GUJARAT REGION. Auteur(s) / Author(s). JAIN RC ; TRIPATHI SP ; SINGH M. ; KISHAN KUMAR VS ; Revue / Journal Title. Indian forester ISSN 0019-4816 Source / Source. 1998, vol. ...
Molecular Neurobiology, Aug 1, 2016
Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve ... more Unwarranted exposure due to liberal use of metals for maintaining the lavish life and to achieve the food demand for escalating population along with an incredible boost in the average human life span owing to orchestrated progress in rejuvenation therapy have gradually increased the occurrence of Parkinson&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s disease (PD). Etiology is albeit elusive; association of PD with metal accumulation has never been overlooked due to noteworthy similitude between metal-exposure symptoms and a few cardinal features of disease. Even though metals are entailed in the vital functions, a hysterical shift, primarily augmentation, escorts the stern nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration. An increase in the passage of metals through the blood brain barrier and impaired metabolic activity and elimination system could lead to metal accumulation in the brain, which eventually makes dopaminergic neurons quite susceptible. In the present article, an update on implication of metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism has been provided. Moreover, encouraging and paradoxical facts and fictions associated with metal accumulation in PD/Parkinsonism have also been compiled. Systematic literature survey of PD is performed to describe updated information if metal accumulation is an epicenter or merely an outcome. Finally, a perspective on the association of metal accumulation with pesticide-induced Parkinsonism has been explained to unveil the likely impact of the former in the latter.