Zidane Abdulaziz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Zidane Abdulaziz
British Journal of Haematology, 1983
Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
Septicaemia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the developing world. ... more Septicaemia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the developing world. The knowledge of the epidemiological and antimicrobial pattern of common pathogens that cause septicaemia is useful for prompt treatment of patients. Fifty-five (55) clinical isolates from children with suspected septicaemia were used for the study. The isolates include Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Proteus spp and Pseudomonas spp. The antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolated bacteria associated with septicaemia in children were carried out using standard microbiological protocol. The MAR index for the test bacterial isolates was determined and the bacterial isolates that displayed multiple antibiotic resistance were investigated for the presence of resistant factor such as plasmids. The sizes of the plasmid observed in the bacterial isolates were determined using agarose gel electrophoresis. Observations made from the agarose gel electrophoresis showed that majority of the multiple antibiotic resistant isolates haboured plasmids DNA of different sizes viz: 10.00 Kb,
Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics, 2014
Introduction: Septicaemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic inflammatory response.... more Introduction: Septicaemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic inflammatory response. It is has been reported to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries of the world. Objectives: the aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of septicaemia in children brought to the Institute of Child Health Banzazzau, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, (ABUTH) Zaria and to isolate the aetiologic agents responsible for septicaemia in these children. Methods: Blood samples of children (aged one month-12 years) with clinical symptoms of suspected septicaemia was taken under strict aseptic condition and inoculated into thioglycolate broth then incubated for 24hrs Subcultures were made after the first 24 hrs onto blood, chocolate and MacConkey agar plates and also when there were signs of bacterial growth shown by turbidity of the samples. Identification of isolates was based on their morphology on agar plates, Gram stain reaction and biochemical properties. Results: The mean age was three years with a peak in the first year of life. The male: female ratio was 1:1.3. Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella species were the commonest isolates accounting for 24 (43.64%) and 13 (23.64%) respectively. Other bacterial isolates included Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) (7.27%), Citrobacter specie (10.94%), Pseudomonas specie (7.24%), Proteus species (3.64%) and Klebsiella species (3.64%). Conclusion: Results show both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria to be implicated with septicaemia with Staph aureus and Salmonella being the most frequent aetiologic agents, children less than or equal to five years were mostly affected, there is a need for routine monitoring of bacterial isolates and the age group at risk.
Immunocytochemistry, 1983
Publisher Summary This chapter describes the methods that can be used for labeling pairs of antig... more Publisher Summary This chapter describes the methods that can be used for labeling pairs of antigens in tissue sections by double immunoenzymatic procedures. The number of antigens that can be detected in human tissue is increasing, principally, as a result of the production of new monoclonal antibodies, and this has led to a growing need for methods that enables the relative distribution patterns of pairs of antigens to be visualized simultaneously in tissue sections. Immunofluorescent techniques have been widely used in the past for double labeling of antigens. However, immunoenzymatic procedures offer several advantages that are likely to result in their being used on an increasingly wide scale in the future. Double immunoenzymatic labeling can be achieved by two fundamentally different approaches, which can be referred to as single-enzyme and double-enzyme methods. In the single-enzyme method, both antigens are labeled using an immunoperoxidase technique, two different enzyme substrates yielding distinctively colored reaction products being used to reveal each antigen.
Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1982
The production of mouse peroxidase:antiperoxidase (PAP) complexes suitable for immunohistological... more The production of mouse peroxidase:antiperoxidase (PAP) complexes suitable for immunohistological use in conjunction with monoclonal antibodies is described. Three approaches were explored: 1) production of conventional polyclonal PAP complexes; 2) conversion of rabbit PAP to "pseudo-mouse PAP" by incubation with monoclonal mouse anti-rabbit immunoglobulin; 3) formation of PAP complexes from monoclonal mouse antiperoxidase. PAP complexes prepared by the latter technique gave the best immunohistological labeling reactions, being stable on storage and compatible with a wide range of human monoclonal antibodies. Gel filtration revealed that monoclonal PAP is of lower molecular weight than conventional PAP complexes (fulfilling theoretical predictions based on the monospecificity of monoclonal antibodies).
Forensic Science International, 1994
A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody (ALM-1) was dev... more A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody (ALM-1) was developed for the determination of leukotoxin (9,10_epoxy-1Zoctadecenoic acid), which was reported to exist in human burned skin and neutrophils, and was regarded as a toxic and/or defensive substance. in living beings. The leukotoxin was conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) by means of the mixed anhydride technique as immunogen, and BALBlc mice were immunized over 6 months. The detection limit of leukotoxin was at least as low as 5 ng in this ELISA. This antibody had a strong specificity to leukotoxin and no cross-reactivity with the other analogs tested, and was usable for an immunohistochemical application. By using the antibody, leukotoxin was immunohistochemically observed not only in neutrophils, but also in alveolar macrophages in an oxygen-exposured rat lung.
Journal of …, 1982
This paper describes an immunoperoxidase technique for labelling cryostat tissue sections which i... more This paper describes an immunoperoxidase technique for labelling cryostat tissue sections which is routinely used in the authors' laboratories both in the initial screening of hybridoma culture supernatants, and also during the subsequent cloning and growth of antibody-secreting cell lines. The technique can readily be performed on 100 samples in less than 3 h and is free of non-specific background labelling. The staining pattern of a monoclonal antibody on a single tissue section allows semiquantitative assessment of its reactivity against a wide variety of tissue constituents and is thus inherently much more informative than conventional screening techniques (such as binding assays) which yield only a single numerical value for each test performed. In consequence it is often possible to identify the probable specificity of a new monoclonal antibody at the primary screening stage. A further important advantage of immunohistological screening is that it detects antigens on cells or other tissue structures which do not readily enter suspension and also antibodies against nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens. Examples of monoclonal antibodies analysed by immunohistological screening include antibodies against C3b receptor, HLA-DR, factor VIII-related antigen, human syncytiotrophoblast, dendritic reticulum cells and a proliferation-associated cell surface glycoprotein.
Journal of …, 1986
This paper describes a sequential staining procedure for double immunoenzymatic staining of pairs... more This paper describes a sequential staining procedure for double immunoenzymatic staining of pairs of antigens in frozen tissue sections and cell smears using monoclonal antibodies. This technique involves performance of an indirect immunoperoxidase sandwich (including development of the enzyme reaction) followed by an unlabelled immuno-alkaline phosphatase sandwich (the APAAP method). The two enzyme labels are revealed using DAB/H202 for peroxidase and naphthol AS-MX plus fast blue or fast red for alkaline phosphatase. When compared with a hapten-sandwich/biotin-avidin system, the sequential staining procedure proved to be simpler and more sensitive and was also more suitable for double immunoenzymatic staining when monoclonal antibodies were only available in small amounts. The sequential staining procedure is particularly useful for the identification of antigens distributed in different cell populations or in different sites (e.g., nucleus and cytoplasm or cell surface) of the same cell. In contrast, this method does not appear to be very suitable for demonstrating two antigens located in the same site (e.g., surface membrane) of the same cell for which purpose double immunofluorescence remains the first choice.
British Journal of Haematology, 1983
This paper describes the use of immunoenzymatic techniques (and in particular a recently develope... more This paper describes the use of immunoenzymatic techniques (and in particular a recently developed immuno-alkaline phosphatase procedure) for labelling haematological samples with monoclonal antibodies. Since cells are smeared and fixed before staining it is possible to combine optimal preservation of cellular detail with visualization of positive labelling. Additional advantages over conventional immunofluorescent procedures for detecting cellular antigens include the fact that samples may be stored for long periods both before and after staining, and that double labelling may readily be performed (either by combining immunoenzymatic staining with T cell rosetting or by performing immunoperoxidase and immuno-alkaline phosphatase techniques sequentially). Furthermore, these methods may be applied to samples containing too few cells for conventional examination (e.g. samples of cerebrospinal fluid). A total of 16 different antigens (including HLA-DR, common ALL antigen and antigens associated with T cells, B cells, erythroid cells and megakaryocytes) were demonstrated by immuno-enzymatic staining on a range of normal and neoplastic haematological samples. It is concluded that this approach to cellular antigen labelling is of potential value not only in routine haematological diagnosis, but also for research in many immunological and haematological fields.
Journal of Clinical …, 1982
SUMMARY This paper describes the use ofa panel ofseven monoclonal antibodies (selectedso as to in... more SUMMARY This paper describes the use ofa panel ofseven monoclonal antibodies (selectedso as to include reagents reactive with both epithelial and lymphoid cells) for distinguishing between anaplastic carcinoma and high grade lymphoma. Details are given of the ...
Journal of Cancer Research …, 1981
The increasing number of antigens detectable in human lymphoid tissue (particularly since the adv... more The increasing number of antigens detectable in human lymphoid tissue (particularly since the advent of monoclonal antibodies) makes it necessary to have techniques available for studying the relative distribution patterns of pairs of antigens in tissue sections. Double immunoenzymatic labelling (using peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase) offers a number of advantages over double immunofiuorescence, including the fact that the two antigens can be visualised simultaneously (rather than sequentially) and that the labels are permanent. In studying paraffin-embedded human lymphoid tissue an important application of the double immunoenzymatic technique lies in distinguishing Ig-positive cells containing exogenous Ig (which causes mixed K/2 staining) from cells containing endogenous Ig (which stain for only a single light chain class). In addition double staining of paraffin sections for IgG and IgM has been used to show that "switch" cells containing both these classes of heavy chain are rare in reactive lymphoid tissue. The potential scope of the double immunoenzymatic technique has been extended by showing that the procedure is applicable to cryostat sections (in which antigenic reactivity is better preserved than in paraffin sections) and by adapting it for use with monoclonal antibodies (by preparing "monoclonal PAP" complexes).
Annals of the New York …, 1983
... AND B. FALINI Nufield Department of Pathology University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom H. ... more ... AND B. FALINI Nufield Department of Pathology University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom H. STEIN Institute of Pathology Kiel University Kiel. ... Two-stage indirect immuno-alkaline phosphatase techniques have been used by Ormerod and colleagues for labeling tissue ...
Journal of …, 1984
A murine monoclonal antibody specific for calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase has been prepared ... more A murine monoclonal antibody specific for calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase has been prepared and used in an unlabeled antibody bridge technique for labeling monoclonal antibodies. This procedure-the alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method-gives excellent immunocytochemical labeling of tissue sections and cell smears, comparable in clarity and intensity to that achieved with immunoperoxidase labeling. If the enzyme label is developed with a naphthol salt as a coupling agent and Fast Red or hexazotized new fuchsin as a capture agent, a vivid red reaction product is obtamed which is very easily detected by the human eye. For this reason the APAAP technique was found particularly suitable for labeling cell smears (for both cytoplasmic and surface-membrane antigens) and for detecting low num-APAAP 220 CORDELL ET AL APAAP STAINING OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
…, 1984
An immunohistological study of the cellular constituents of Hodgkin's disease using a monoclonal ... more An immunohistological study of the cellular constituents of Hodgkin's disease using a monoclonal antibody panel Cryostat sections of lymphoid tissue from 4 cases of Hodgkin's disease were analysed by immunoperoxidase staining using a panel of monoclonal antibodies which included reagents reactive with T cells and their subsets, B cells, HLA-DR, Ig, dendritic reticulum cells and C3b receptor. A wide spectrum of immunohistological patterns was observed ranging from cases in which T cells were numerous (B cells being absent or present in only small numbers) to cases in which very prominent B cell follicles were present. These follicles contained a meshwork of dendritic reticulum cells and were composed of polyclonal B cells (as assessed by light chain expression). T cells were present in small numbers within these B cell follicles, often clustered in a thin rim around individual ReedSternberg and Hodgkin's cells. All B cell-rich cases were examples of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease. Assessment of the T cell helper/suppressor ratios was hindered by the fact that both anti-helper antibodies (OKT4 and anti-leu 3a) reacted with macrophages. However the majority of cases appeared to contain a normal excess of T helper cells. HLA-DR was strongly expressed in T cell rich areas, on Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells, on vascular endothelium and on numerous infiltrating cells in the fibrous tissue areas in cases of nodular sclerosing disease. Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells were not labelled by either anti-fibronectin or by antibodies reactive with dendritic reticulum cells (anti-Qb receptor and antibody R4/23).
British Journal of Haematology, 1983
Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences
Septicaemia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the developing world. ... more Septicaemia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the developing world. The knowledge of the epidemiological and antimicrobial pattern of common pathogens that cause septicaemia is useful for prompt treatment of patients. Fifty-five (55) clinical isolates from children with suspected septicaemia were used for the study. The isolates include Coagulase negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp., Proteus spp and Pseudomonas spp. The antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolated bacteria associated with septicaemia in children were carried out using standard microbiological protocol. The MAR index for the test bacterial isolates was determined and the bacterial isolates that displayed multiple antibiotic resistance were investigated for the presence of resistant factor such as plasmids. The sizes of the plasmid observed in the bacterial isolates were determined using agarose gel electrophoresis. Observations made from the agarose gel electrophoresis showed that majority of the multiple antibiotic resistant isolates haboured plasmids DNA of different sizes viz: 10.00 Kb,
Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics, 2014
Introduction: Septicaemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic inflammatory response.... more Introduction: Septicaemia is a clinical syndrome characterized by systemic inflammatory response. It is has been reported to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries of the world. Objectives: the aims of the study were to determine the prevalence of septicaemia in children brought to the Institute of Child Health Banzazzau, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, (ABUTH) Zaria and to isolate the aetiologic agents responsible for septicaemia in these children. Methods: Blood samples of children (aged one month-12 years) with clinical symptoms of suspected septicaemia was taken under strict aseptic condition and inoculated into thioglycolate broth then incubated for 24hrs Subcultures were made after the first 24 hrs onto blood, chocolate and MacConkey agar plates and also when there were signs of bacterial growth shown by turbidity of the samples. Identification of isolates was based on their morphology on agar plates, Gram stain reaction and biochemical properties. Results: The mean age was three years with a peak in the first year of life. The male: female ratio was 1:1.3. Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella species were the commonest isolates accounting for 24 (43.64%) and 13 (23.64%) respectively. Other bacterial isolates included Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) (7.27%), Citrobacter specie (10.94%), Pseudomonas specie (7.24%), Proteus species (3.64%) and Klebsiella species (3.64%). Conclusion: Results show both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria to be implicated with septicaemia with Staph aureus and Salmonella being the most frequent aetiologic agents, children less than or equal to five years were mostly affected, there is a need for routine monitoring of bacterial isolates and the age group at risk.
Immunocytochemistry, 1983
Publisher Summary This chapter describes the methods that can be used for labeling pairs of antig... more Publisher Summary This chapter describes the methods that can be used for labeling pairs of antigens in tissue sections by double immunoenzymatic procedures. The number of antigens that can be detected in human tissue is increasing, principally, as a result of the production of new monoclonal antibodies, and this has led to a growing need for methods that enables the relative distribution patterns of pairs of antigens to be visualized simultaneously in tissue sections. Immunofluorescent techniques have been widely used in the past for double labeling of antigens. However, immunoenzymatic procedures offer several advantages that are likely to result in their being used on an increasingly wide scale in the future. Double immunoenzymatic labeling can be achieved by two fundamentally different approaches, which can be referred to as single-enzyme and double-enzyme methods. In the single-enzyme method, both antigens are labeled using an immunoperoxidase technique, two different enzyme substrates yielding distinctively colored reaction products being used to reveal each antigen.
Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 1982
The production of mouse peroxidase:antiperoxidase (PAP) complexes suitable for immunohistological... more The production of mouse peroxidase:antiperoxidase (PAP) complexes suitable for immunohistological use in conjunction with monoclonal antibodies is described. Three approaches were explored: 1) production of conventional polyclonal PAP complexes; 2) conversion of rabbit PAP to "pseudo-mouse PAP" by incubation with monoclonal mouse anti-rabbit immunoglobulin; 3) formation of PAP complexes from monoclonal mouse antiperoxidase. PAP complexes prepared by the latter technique gave the best immunohistological labeling reactions, being stable on storage and compatible with a wide range of human monoclonal antibodies. Gel filtration revealed that monoclonal PAP is of lower molecular weight than conventional PAP complexes (fulfilling theoretical predictions based on the monospecificity of monoclonal antibodies).
Forensic Science International, 1994
A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody (ALM-1) was dev... more A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a monoclonal antibody (ALM-1) was developed for the determination of leukotoxin (9,10_epoxy-1Zoctadecenoic acid), which was reported to exist in human burned skin and neutrophils, and was regarded as a toxic and/or defensive substance. in living beings. The leukotoxin was conjugated with bovine serum albumin (BSA) by means of the mixed anhydride technique as immunogen, and BALBlc mice were immunized over 6 months. The detection limit of leukotoxin was at least as low as 5 ng in this ELISA. This antibody had a strong specificity to leukotoxin and no cross-reactivity with the other analogs tested, and was usable for an immunohistochemical application. By using the antibody, leukotoxin was immunohistochemically observed not only in neutrophils, but also in alveolar macrophages in an oxygen-exposured rat lung.
Journal of …, 1982
This paper describes an immunoperoxidase technique for labelling cryostat tissue sections which i... more This paper describes an immunoperoxidase technique for labelling cryostat tissue sections which is routinely used in the authors' laboratories both in the initial screening of hybridoma culture supernatants, and also during the subsequent cloning and growth of antibody-secreting cell lines. The technique can readily be performed on 100 samples in less than 3 h and is free of non-specific background labelling. The staining pattern of a monoclonal antibody on a single tissue section allows semiquantitative assessment of its reactivity against a wide variety of tissue constituents and is thus inherently much more informative than conventional screening techniques (such as binding assays) which yield only a single numerical value for each test performed. In consequence it is often possible to identify the probable specificity of a new monoclonal antibody at the primary screening stage. A further important advantage of immunohistological screening is that it detects antigens on cells or other tissue structures which do not readily enter suspension and also antibodies against nuclear and cytoplasmic antigens. Examples of monoclonal antibodies analysed by immunohistological screening include antibodies against C3b receptor, HLA-DR, factor VIII-related antigen, human syncytiotrophoblast, dendritic reticulum cells and a proliferation-associated cell surface glycoprotein.
Journal of …, 1986
This paper describes a sequential staining procedure for double immunoenzymatic staining of pairs... more This paper describes a sequential staining procedure for double immunoenzymatic staining of pairs of antigens in frozen tissue sections and cell smears using monoclonal antibodies. This technique involves performance of an indirect immunoperoxidase sandwich (including development of the enzyme reaction) followed by an unlabelled immuno-alkaline phosphatase sandwich (the APAAP method). The two enzyme labels are revealed using DAB/H202 for peroxidase and naphthol AS-MX plus fast blue or fast red for alkaline phosphatase. When compared with a hapten-sandwich/biotin-avidin system, the sequential staining procedure proved to be simpler and more sensitive and was also more suitable for double immunoenzymatic staining when monoclonal antibodies were only available in small amounts. The sequential staining procedure is particularly useful for the identification of antigens distributed in different cell populations or in different sites (e.g., nucleus and cytoplasm or cell surface) of the same cell. In contrast, this method does not appear to be very suitable for demonstrating two antigens located in the same site (e.g., surface membrane) of the same cell for which purpose double immunofluorescence remains the first choice.
British Journal of Haematology, 1983
This paper describes the use of immunoenzymatic techniques (and in particular a recently develope... more This paper describes the use of immunoenzymatic techniques (and in particular a recently developed immuno-alkaline phosphatase procedure) for labelling haematological samples with monoclonal antibodies. Since cells are smeared and fixed before staining it is possible to combine optimal preservation of cellular detail with visualization of positive labelling. Additional advantages over conventional immunofluorescent procedures for detecting cellular antigens include the fact that samples may be stored for long periods both before and after staining, and that double labelling may readily be performed (either by combining immunoenzymatic staining with T cell rosetting or by performing immunoperoxidase and immuno-alkaline phosphatase techniques sequentially). Furthermore, these methods may be applied to samples containing too few cells for conventional examination (e.g. samples of cerebrospinal fluid). A total of 16 different antigens (including HLA-DR, common ALL antigen and antigens associated with T cells, B cells, erythroid cells and megakaryocytes) were demonstrated by immuno-enzymatic staining on a range of normal and neoplastic haematological samples. It is concluded that this approach to cellular antigen labelling is of potential value not only in routine haematological diagnosis, but also for research in many immunological and haematological fields.
Journal of Clinical …, 1982
SUMMARY This paper describes the use ofa panel ofseven monoclonal antibodies (selectedso as to in... more SUMMARY This paper describes the use ofa panel ofseven monoclonal antibodies (selectedso as to include reagents reactive with both epithelial and lymphoid cells) for distinguishing between anaplastic carcinoma and high grade lymphoma. Details are given of the ...
Journal of Cancer Research …, 1981
The increasing number of antigens detectable in human lymphoid tissue (particularly since the adv... more The increasing number of antigens detectable in human lymphoid tissue (particularly since the advent of monoclonal antibodies) makes it necessary to have techniques available for studying the relative distribution patterns of pairs of antigens in tissue sections. Double immunoenzymatic labelling (using peroxidase and alkaline phosphatase) offers a number of advantages over double immunofiuorescence, including the fact that the two antigens can be visualised simultaneously (rather than sequentially) and that the labels are permanent. In studying paraffin-embedded human lymphoid tissue an important application of the double immunoenzymatic technique lies in distinguishing Ig-positive cells containing exogenous Ig (which causes mixed K/2 staining) from cells containing endogenous Ig (which stain for only a single light chain class). In addition double staining of paraffin sections for IgG and IgM has been used to show that "switch" cells containing both these classes of heavy chain are rare in reactive lymphoid tissue. The potential scope of the double immunoenzymatic technique has been extended by showing that the procedure is applicable to cryostat sections (in which antigenic reactivity is better preserved than in paraffin sections) and by adapting it for use with monoclonal antibodies (by preparing "monoclonal PAP" complexes).
Annals of the New York …, 1983
... AND B. FALINI Nufield Department of Pathology University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom H. ... more ... AND B. FALINI Nufield Department of Pathology University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom H. STEIN Institute of Pathology Kiel University Kiel. ... Two-stage indirect immuno-alkaline phosphatase techniques have been used by Ormerod and colleagues for labeling tissue ...
Journal of …, 1984
A murine monoclonal antibody specific for calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase has been prepared ... more A murine monoclonal antibody specific for calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase has been prepared and used in an unlabeled antibody bridge technique for labeling monoclonal antibodies. This procedure-the alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) method-gives excellent immunocytochemical labeling of tissue sections and cell smears, comparable in clarity and intensity to that achieved with immunoperoxidase labeling. If the enzyme label is developed with a naphthol salt as a coupling agent and Fast Red or hexazotized new fuchsin as a capture agent, a vivid red reaction product is obtamed which is very easily detected by the human eye. For this reason the APAAP technique was found particularly suitable for labeling cell smears (for both cytoplasmic and surface-membrane antigens) and for detecting low num-APAAP 220 CORDELL ET AL APAAP STAINING OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES
…, 1984
An immunohistological study of the cellular constituents of Hodgkin's disease using a monoclonal ... more An immunohistological study of the cellular constituents of Hodgkin's disease using a monoclonal antibody panel Cryostat sections of lymphoid tissue from 4 cases of Hodgkin's disease were analysed by immunoperoxidase staining using a panel of monoclonal antibodies which included reagents reactive with T cells and their subsets, B cells, HLA-DR, Ig, dendritic reticulum cells and C3b receptor. A wide spectrum of immunohistological patterns was observed ranging from cases in which T cells were numerous (B cells being absent or present in only small numbers) to cases in which very prominent B cell follicles were present. These follicles contained a meshwork of dendritic reticulum cells and were composed of polyclonal B cells (as assessed by light chain expression). T cells were present in small numbers within these B cell follicles, often clustered in a thin rim around individual ReedSternberg and Hodgkin's cells. All B cell-rich cases were examples of lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's disease. Assessment of the T cell helper/suppressor ratios was hindered by the fact that both anti-helper antibodies (OKT4 and anti-leu 3a) reacted with macrophages. However the majority of cases appeared to contain a normal excess of T helper cells. HLA-DR was strongly expressed in T cell rich areas, on Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells, on vascular endothelium and on numerous infiltrating cells in the fibrous tissue areas in cases of nodular sclerosing disease. Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin's cells were not labelled by either anti-fibronectin or by antibodies reactive with dendritic reticulum cells (anti-Qb receptor and antibody R4/23).