akansha khati - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by akansha khati

Journal of Applied and Natural Science, Dec 1, 2015

Upland rivers of hills of Uttarakhand are unique in its ecosystem and biodiversity. These waters ... more Upland rivers of hills of Uttarakhand are unique in its ecosystem and biodiversity. These waters possess various varieties of ornamental fishes. The present study focuses on Scope of ornamental fisheries in snow fed rivers of Uttarakhand, along with challenges and opportunities. Besides the availability of resources peoples are not that much aware of ornamental fisheries of this region and these resources are yet not developed. The use of destructive fishing methods, habitat destruction leads to diversity destruction of hills stream fishes. As these resources does not comprise fisheries of commercial importance due to sparse biota and low thermal scale, slow growth and very low natural food availability So, Directorate of Cold Water Fisheries is actively working in the field of survey and brood stock management of ornamental fish resources of cold water. Four hundred live cold water fishes including exotic gold and koi carp are being maintained at DCFR main complex for study and breeding trials. The recreational activities by fisheries department like ranching, sport fisheries development and development of ornamental fisheries of this region can lead to socioeconomic upliftment of hilly people and development of cold water ornamental fisheries in the state.

Progressive Research – An International Journal , 2017

Biotechnology provides powerful tools for the sustainable development of aquaculture, fisheries, ... more Biotechnology provides powerful tools for the sustainable development of aquaculture, fisheries, as well as the food industry. Biotechnology makes it possible to achieve increased growth rate in farmed species, boost the nutritional value of aqua feeds, improve fish health, help restore and protect environment, extend the range of aquatic species and improve the management and conservation of wild stocks. Apart from enhancing the production of aquatic species and offer environmental benefits, biotechnology also offer help in the use of synthetic hormones in induced breeding, transgenic fish, gene banking, uniparental and fish production and health management. Wide range of procedures for modifying living organisms according to human purposes going back to the history of the domestication of animals, cultivation of plants, and the improvements of these two through breeding programmes that employ artificial selection and hybridization. Over the years, our knowledge of fish breeding requirements has improved and the ability to induce breeding artificially developed, through the use of natural or synthetic hormones and/or environmental manipulations. These have been key factors that have facilitated the application of more advanced biotechnologies. Biotechnology, the use of biological systems or living organisms in production process according to has a wide range of useful applications in fisheries and aquaculture.
Key words : Bio technology, fish farm ing sys tem, bio-remediation, transgenesis, gene bank ing.

International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies, 2019

The present study reviews the role of plant and animal originated biomedicines and probiotics in ... more The present study reviews the role of plant and animal originated biomedicines and probiotics in the field of aquaculture. Many herbal and animal originated extracts prove their potential as anti stress, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti fungal and viral, appetite stimulator, potent immunomodulator and growth promoter. These herbal extracts and animal originated extracts stimulate the growth and immunity of fishes and they reduce the cost of feed as they are easily available and cheap feed ingredients. They reduce the chances of emergence of pathogens which may cause serious threat to fish health and environment. Yet the diseases, pathogens and pest can be treated with chemicals and antibiotics but due to their residual side effect and bio magnification in the body of fish forces the researchers to search suitable alternatives for healthy fish, environment and sustainable fish production.

Keywords: Antioxidant, biomedicine, immunomodulators, probiotics

BIOCHEMICAL AND CELLULAR ARCHIVES, 2015

Aquaculture is one of the rapidly growing food producing sectors in the world. Incidence of disea... more Aquaculture is one of the rapidly growing food producing sectors in the world. Incidence of disease occurrence is one of the most important limiting factors in aquaculture. In order to get sustainable production from this sector prevention and control of pathogenic fish disease are crucial measures both economically and environmentally. Although several methods of treatment of fish diseases are introduced but the use of vaccines for some diseases can be very effective in terms of aquatic animal health management. Prophylactic measures based on stimulation of the immune system of the fish have been an effective measure for reducing the pathogens from cultured aquatic organisms. Immuno-prophylaxis plays important role in successful development of aqua farming practices. The objective of the present study is to review fish vaccines its development, importance of fish vaccines in terms of fisheries, route of vaccine administration in fishes and diseases controlled through fish vaccines.
Key words : Vaccines, fish disease management, pathogens.

Journal of Environment and Bio-Sciences , 2015

Present experiment was designed to study the effect of Tinospora cordifolia stem powder on haemat... more Present experiment was designed to study the effect of Tinospora cordifolia stem powder on haematology of Labeo rohita for examination of immunological parameters. Fingerlings weighing average weight of about 15+0.2 were selected and kept in FRP tanks. The fingerlings were divided into 4 treatment groups T0, T1, T2, and T3. The conventional feed ingredients; deoiled Mustard cake, Soybean meal, Rice bran and Agrimin Forte (Vitamin-Mineral mixture) were used for preparation of feed pellets. The fingerlings were fed with diet D0 (Control diet), D1 (0.25% incorporation of stem powder ofTinospora cordifolia), D2(0.5% incorporation) and D3 (0.75% incorporation) @ 5% body weight for 90 days. At the end of the experiment the haematological examination showed significant improvement in the fishes fed with the diet D3, which was incorporated with 0.75% of stem powder of Tinospora cordifolia as compared to control and other treatments. The haematological parameters; TLC (42.682×103/µl) , TEC (3.219×106/µl, hemoglobin concentration (11.21g%), total serum protein (9.23g/dl), albumin (1.201g/dl) and globulin (12.527g/dl) in D4 diet fed fishes showed increase values in comparison to control and all other treatments (P<0.05), which depicts that the stem powder of Tinospora cordifoliahas very good potential in enhancing the immunological parameters in fingerlings of Labeo rohita, ultimately enhancing the immunity ofLabeo rohita fingerlings under tank culture system.

International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies, 2018

Organic fish production is a model of production which supplies animal’s lease with low stock den... more Organic fish production is a model of production which supplies animal’s lease with low stock density and attaches importance to human health without wing any chemicals, pesticides or the products modified genetically. This practice would entail raising aquatic food in a humane manner that is sustainable and doesn’t pollute the environment. However, lack of certification organisations and standards for organic aquaculture in many countries causes lower production speed for organic aquaculture compared to organic agriculture. Organic aquaculture has attracted the attention of researchers from several academic disciplines as well as that of environmental advocates and entrepreneurial innovators. While the regulatory specifics still need to be addressed, this new organic market niche has significant potential for growth in the future. The review covers general principles, scenario and certification bodies in the context of the organic aquaculture.

Keywords: Pesticide, organic aquaculture

Journal of Environment and Bio-Sciences , 2015

The present study involves a comparative evaluation of growth performance of carp seed reared in ... more The present study involves a comparative evaluation of growth performance of carp seed reared in cemented tanks and polytanks in mid hills of Uttarakhand. The average survival in cemented tanks was 58.4%, while it was 62.3% in poly tanks with 6.67% better survival over the previous one. There is also a significant difference in net production of fingerlings as 2981nos. and 3221nos. with 1 million/ha density and 3376 nos. and 3531 nos. with 2 million/ha density in cemented tanks and poly tanks, respectively. Hence, 13.25% more production in terms of fingerlings counting was achieved with high stocking density. The overall average fingerlings production was 6.2% more in case of poly tanks. But, the average biomass production per month was controversial as 7.66 kg/ month and 8.98 kg/month in cemented tanks and poly tanks, respectively with 1 million stocking density, while it was 7.42 kg/month and 8.26 kg/month in cemented tanks and poly tanks, respectively with 2 million stocking density. Over all biomass production was 14.3% more in case of poly tanks. It was also remarkable that the average per month weight gain was 16.8% better with lower stocking density in cemented tanks and it was 19.25 better in poly tanks. The average per month weight gain was highest for common carp followed by silver carp and grass carp. The data of this study reveal that 1 million stocking density is optimum for better survival, growth and recovery of fingerlings from both types rearing ponds in coldwater conditions. Poly tanks are more suitable for rearing of carp fingerlings with better survival and growth due to the advantage of higher temperature and abundance of plankton.

Journal of Environmental Biology, 2014

The bacterial infection is an important economic and limiting factor in intensive fish production... more The bacterial infection is an important economic and limiting factor in intensive fish production. The present study focuses on investigation of the bacterial population associated with farmed common carp fingerlings, its environment and limnological quality of pond, during winter and summer season. It was found that the 4bacterial count in the pond sediment (6.40 cfu x 10) was about 10 times higher in comparison of pond water 3 5(6.93 cfu x 10 ). Further, the intestinal bacterial count was about 100 times higher (6.67 cfu x 10) during 6winter and 1000 times higher (2.33 cfu x 10) during summer season in comparison to the surfacial skin of 3fish during winter and summer (3.39 and 8.87 cfu x 10), respectively. The isolated bacteria were both Gram negative and Gram positive, mostly aerobic rods. Furthermore, the temperature showed a significant relation with the bacterial counts of pond water. In the summer season, higher bacterial counts (8.72 cfu x 3 310 ) were recorded as compared to winter (5.13 cfu x 10). The dominant bacteria isolated from the sample of pond water, pond sediment and fish were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas sp., Flavobacter sp., Bacillus sp., Micrococcus sp., Corynebacterium sp. Moreover, the bacterial density was dependent on C:N values, and the optimum range of C: N ratio was found between 16-23, for the carp culture ponds. Among the isolated bacterial flora, the presence of strains which were well known for their probiotic properties suggested an autochthonous source for use in aquaculture. Further, analysis of eters of pond water revealed that they were within the suitable range for the freshwater fish culture throughout farming phase.

Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2018

Intensification of aquaculture has become an important practice in recent years to optimize the r... more Intensification of aquaculture has become an important practice in recent years to optimize the returns. High density stocking, providing artificial feeds and fertilization of the pond water have become common husbandry practices in both fish and shrimp culture systems. Due to intensification of culture practices in aquaculture, diseases caused by microbes have surfaced significantly in culture systems. Use of expensive chemotherapeutants and antibiotics for controlling disease have widely been criticized for their negative impacts like residual accumulation in the tissue, development of the drug resistance and immunosuppression, thus resulting in reduced consumer preference for food fish treated with antibiotics. Hence, instead of chemotherapeutic agents, increasing attention is being paid to the use of probiotic bacteria as microbial control agents. Another alternative to pathogens, use of immunostimulants for disease control measures in aquaculture. An application of immunostimulants for the prevention of fish diseases are considered as an attractive and promising area. In the present study the beneficial effects of probiotics and immunostimulamts on the health and disease resistance of fish have been elucidated.
Keywords: probiotics, immunostimulant, aquaculture and pathogen

International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research, 2013

The growth of aquaculture as an industry has accelerated over the past decades; this has resulted... more The growth of aquaculture as an industry has accelerated over the past decades; this has resulted in environmental damages and low productivity of various crops. The need for increased disease resistance, growth of aquatic organisms, and feed efficiency has brought about the use of probiotics in aquaculture practices. The objective of present study was to evaluate the effect of dietary administration of Bacillus subtilis, the dominant bacteria in the gut of fish on weight gain, growth performance and survival of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Fingerlings of average weight 3-4 g were divided into four experimental groups each with three replicates. Tanks T1, T2, T3 were fed with prepared diets (30±0.4% crude protein) incorporated with isolated intestinal bacteria Bacillus subtilis at three different levels (1x105, 1x108 and 1 x 1010cells g-1 respectively). T0 was control group. The experiment was conducted for 90 days. The results demonstrated that fish group (T2) supplemented with Bacillus subtilis at the level of 1 x 108 cells g–1 showed significant improvement in growth parameters (Body weight gain, Specific Growth Rate, Condition Factor and RNA DNA ratio, food conversion efficiency) and survival in comparison to other fish groups. Hence, Bacillus subtilis can be used as growth promoting probiotic in the diet of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Better results for weight gain, growth performance, survival and feed utilization can be achieved by administering Bacillus subtilis at the level of 1 x 108 cells g–1.
Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Labeo rohita, Fingerlings, Growth

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018

A 245 days experimental study was carried out to investigate the supplemental effects of dietary ... more A 245 days experimental study was carried out to investigate the supplemental effects of dietary garlic (Allium sativum) powder on haematological parameters in fingerlings of amur carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). Fingerlings with an average weight of 16.11± 0.86g were distributed into four treatment groups T1, T2, T3 and T4 (25 fishes randomly distributed in each of 12 tanks). The experimental feed diets were isoproteinous and contained 28.0% protein and 7.5% lipid on dry matter basis. The dried garlic powder was incorporated at three concentrations (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) in feed for conducting the experiment. The experimental diet was fed to fish over the period of 245 days followed by challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. The value of total erythrocyte count did not vary considerably (p>0.05) within T1 and T2, T3 and T4 in pre challenged group and T3 and T4 in post challenged group. The total leucocyte count and haemoglobin resulted in significant (p< 0.05) increment between pre challenge and post challenge in all treatment groups. The water quality parameters like pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, free carbon dioxide and total alkalinity were within the tolerance range of the experimental fish, Amur carp. It is inferred from the results of the study that dried garlic powder can be safely incorporated up to 1.5 % in carp feeds for improved haematological profile in Amur carp.

Keywords: common carp, dietary garlic, haematology, immunostimulant, nutraceuticals

The Pharma Innovation Journal , 2018

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) powder on immuno... more The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of garlic (Allium sativum) powder on immunological parameters in fingerlings of amur carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus). Fingerlings with an average weight of 16.11± 0.86g were distributed randomly into four treatment groups in triplicates. Experimental diets were were prepared by mixing rice bran, deoiled mustard cake, deoiled soybean cake and vitamin-mineral mixture (28.0% protein and 7.5% lipid on dry matter basis). The dried garlic powder was incorporated at three concentrations (0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%) in feed for conducting the experiment. Garlic powder was not added to the control diet. The experimental diets were fed to fish @5% of their body weight daily over the period of 245 days followed by challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. Biochemical and immunological examination results indicated that the total serum protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lysozyme activity and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) assay varied significantly (P<0.05) between the pre challenge and post challenge groups. From the obtained results it can be concluded that garlic powder in the feed of Cyprinus carpio haematopterus can be safely incorporated upto 1.5% for enhanced immunity against aeromonad pathogens

Keywords: Dietary garlic, common carp, immunostimulant, total serum protein and Aeromonas hydrophila

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY, 2015

Disease is a condition of a living animal that impairs performance of vital functions and can be... more Disease is a condition of a living animal that impairs performance of vital functions and can be induced by environmental and nutritional factors or infection by pathogenic microbes. Disease outbreak could be a consequence of complex interaction between the host, pathogen and environment. Some of the most serious problems currently faced by the aquaculture sector are caused by those pathogens and diseases that are spread through movement of hatchery produced stocks, new species introduced for aquaculture and via ornamental fish trade. The Asian aquatic food production has already been seriously affected by the outbreak of several diseases. In view of this, it is necessary to take appropriate practical measure which can minimizes the risk of introduction and spread of pathogens is of urgent need for sustainable growth of this sector. Primary pathogens can cause mortality even when other environmental factors are adequate, whereas opportunistic pathogens normally present in the natural environment of the host can cause mortality only when other physiological or environmental factors are very poor. Clinical signs in fish with diseases are rarely pathognomonic, and laboratory examination and tests for identification of pathogens are necessary for diagnosis of infectious diseases. Submissions to a laboratory for diagnosis should include suitable specimens of fish, water and any other material that is suspected to be involved, and a complete history. The present study focuses on factors that cause disease to the aquatic environment and the recent trends and techniques of disease surveillance, monitoring, treatment and control in fishes which will help the fish farmers in reducing risks arising due to occurrence of disease and maintaining disease free aquaculture and sustainable production.
Key words : Aquaculture, disease, diagnosis, surveillance, sustainable.

International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2018

Fisheries sector occupies a very important place in the socio-economic development of the country... more Fisheries sector occupies a very important place in the socio-economic development of the country. It has been recognized as a powerful income and employment generator as it stimulates growth of a number of subsidiary industries and is a source of cheap and nutritious food besides being a foreign exchange earner. Credit is needed not only for investment in fishing craft and gear, fish ponds, fish handling, processing and marketing facilities and services, but also or even more for the smooth day-to-day capture, culture, handling, processing and distribution of fish. The improvement of the socio-economic role of women in fishing communities, too, needs strong credit support. Thus, there is a need for a functional credit and loan system which considers the prevailing socio-economic conditions of the fishermen. This system must be linked to technology, to production systems and to output price in order to stimulate growth and development in this sector.

Keywords: Fisheries, craft, gear, marine products, credit

Journal of Environment and Bio-Sciences , 2015

The present study involves ccomparative evaluation of growth performance of carp seed reared in c... more The present study involves ccomparative evaluation of growth performance of carp seed reared in cemented tanks and polytanks in mid hills of Uttarakhand. The average survival in cemented tanks was 58.4%, while it was 62.3% in poly tanks with 6.67% better survival over the previous one. There is also a significant difference in net production of fingerlings as 2981nos. and 3221nos. with 1 million/ha density and 3376 nos. and 3531 nos. with 2 million/ha density in cemented tanks and poly tanks, respectively. Hence, 13.25% more production in terms of fingerlings counting was achieved with high stocking density. The overall average fingerlings production was 6.2% more in case of poly tanks. But, the average biomass production per month was controversial as 7.66 kg/ month and 8.98 kg/month in cemented tanks and poly tanks, respectively with 1 million stocking density, while it was 7.42 kg/month and 8.26 kg/month in cemented tanks and poly tanks, respectively with 2 million stocking density. Over all biomass production was 14.3% more in case of poly tanks. It was also remarkable that the average per month weight gain was 16.8% better with lower stocking density in cemented tanks and it was 19.25 better in poly tanks. The average per month weight gain was highest for common carp followed by silver carp and grass carp. The data of this study reveal that 1 million stocking density is optimum for better survival, growth and recovery of fingerlings from both types rearing ponds in coldwater conditions. Poly tanks are more suitable for rearing of carp fingerlings with better survival and growth due to the advantage of higher temperature and abundance of plankton.

Biotechnological research and development are moving at a very fast pace. The application of biot... more Biotechnological research and development are moving at a very fast pace. The application of biotechnology in the fisheries sector is a neoteric practice. Nevertheless, it is a promising area to enhance fish production. Efficacy of exogenous nutrizymes in fish feed is being reinvestigated in the present time. A feeding experiment of 90 days was conducted to assess the efficacy of exogenous nutrizyme supplement diet on weight gain and growth performance of Labeo rohita fingerlings. Three supplementary diets (D1, D2 and D3) were prepared containing 30±0.6% crude protein, 4.8±2% crude fat and 11.6±0.2% crude fibre. Experimental diets D1, D2 and D3 were supplemented with papain at the level of 5, 10 and 12 g per kg of feed respectively. Feeding was done at the rate of 5%, twice a day. Rearing of fingerlings on diet D2 resulted in better growth of L. rohita fingerlings compared to those with the experimental diet, D3 and D1 followed by control diet D0 which was without any supplementation. Comparison of growth performance was done on basis of growth rate, nutrient digestibility, gross protein retention (GPR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) apparent net protein utilization (ANPU) and survival percent.

Journal of Applied and Natural Science, Dec 1, 2015

Progressive Research – An International Journal , 2017

International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies, 2019

Keywords: Antioxidant, biomedicine, immunomodulators, probiotics

BIOCHEMICAL AND CELLULAR ARCHIVES, 2015

Journal of Environment and Bio-Sciences , 2015

International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies, 2018

Keywords: Pesticide, organic aquaculture

Journal of Environment and Bio-Sciences , 2015

Journal of Environmental Biology, 2014

Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2018

International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research, 2013

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018

Keywords: common carp, dietary garlic, haematology, immunostimulant, nutraceuticals

The Pharma Innovation Journal , 2018

Keywords: Dietary garlic, common carp, immunostimulant, total serum protein and Aeromonas hydrophila

JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY, 2015

International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2018

Keywords: Fisheries, craft, gear, marine products, credit

Journal of Environment and Bio-Sciences , 2015