James Bartle | Independent Scholar (original) (raw)

Papers by James Bartle

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Corporate Debt Maturity in Asia Pacific

This study is aimed to analyze factors that determine debt maturity. Since the asymmetric informa... more This study is aimed to analyze factors that determine debt maturity. Since the asymmetric information level in Asia Pacific is higher compare to U.S. and Europe, the debt maturity decision become riskier. This study is using 13 different regression model, all sample, listed and crisis, listed and non crisis, non listed and crisis, non listed and non crisis, listed with performance and crisis, listed with performance and non crisis, listed high leverage, listed high leverage and crisis, listed high leverage and non crisis, listed low leverage, listed low leverage and crisis, listed low leverage and non crisis. This paper investigates the determinants of debt maturity for all loan sample in Asia Pacific during 2006-2010, using ordinary least square method to support the results. Based on the research, lenders are proven unable to differentiate between good quality borrowers and bad quality borrowers. Thus, in terms of debt maturity policy, the risk is higher for lenders compare to bor...

Research paper thumbnail of SCHOOL OF BANKING AND FINANCE FINS5530 FINANCIAL INSTITUTION MANAGEMENT Accreditation

The Australian Institute of Banking and Finance (AIBF) is the principal professional association ... more The Australian Institute of Banking and Finance (AIBF) is the principal professional association for the banking and financial services industry in Australia. The AIBF has recently changed its policies concerning graduate and full-time student membership. For further information, contact:

Research paper thumbnail of Credit Analysis and Lending Management

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect Of Corruption And Country Risk On Syndicated Loan Establishment And Structure In Asia 1999-2003

This research objective is to test whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country ris... more This research objective is to test whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country risk index, both as a macroeconomic variable, could affect the lead arranger decision for syndicated loans or the size determination for syndicated loans. In this research, we use logit methodology to analyze the lead arranger decision to approve a syndicated loans application, meanwhile to analyze the size determination, we used tobit model analysis. The sample for this research came from all recorded loan transaction in Asia during 1999-2003. To strenghten the research analysis, we also apply robustnest check with an ordinary least square method. From this research, it is showed that the lead arranger consider their reputation and certification effect as an important factor that lead them to prefer a low risk syndicated loans. For size determintation, lead arranger will decide a higher size for a higher risk loan, since they expect a higher return as a risk compensation for the investment.

Research paper thumbnail of A Symmetry Information and Credit Risk Effecton Loan Pricing in Asia Pacific

The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial... more The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial bank, mix bank, country risk, CPI, foreign lender, log amount, maturity, ticker, secure, senior, deal purpose, and sector industries) to the dependent variables (loan spread). Key issues in this study consisted of information asymmetry, moral hazard, adverse selection, and country risk. The results of this research show the variable that significantly affect the loan pricing decisions by lenders especially in Asia Pacific countries. Borrowers in Asia Pacific can learn from the lender’s behavior in the loan pricing decision. They also can have more knowledge on the determinants influence the procedure of the loan pricing. Governments of the Asia Pacific countries can use this study to gain more information about factors that influence the loan pricing. They should make a regulation according loan pricing decisions and they should monitored the process of the loans for the local banks so ...

Research paper thumbnail of The First International Conference on Entrepreneurship Book One 59 ASYMMETRY INFORMATION AND CREDIT RISK EFFECT ON LOAN PRICING IN ASIA PACIFIC 2006-2010

The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial... more The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial bank, mix bank, country risk, CPI, foreign lender, log amount, maturity, ticker, secure, senior, deal purpose, and sector industries) to the dependent variables (loan spread). Key issues in this study consisted of information asymmetry, moral hazard, adverse selection and country risk. The results of this research shows the variable that significantly affect the loan pricing decisions by lenders especially in Asia Pacific countries. Borrowers in They also can have more knowledge on the determinants influence the procedure of the loan pricing. Governments of the Asia Pacific countries can use this study to gain more information about factors that influence the loan pricing. They should make a regulation according loan pricing decisions and they should monitored the process of the loans for the local banks so they

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Loan Agreement in Asia-Pacific

This study aims to investigates and analyze the interdependencies of three main variables of loan... more This study aims to investigates and analyze the interdependencies of three main variables of loan agreement. The three main variables are: collateral, maturity, and loan spread. This research is applied in Asia-Pacific corporate area between 2006 and 2010. This study used two stage least square regression analysis. This research used 6 models to describe the interdependencies of collateral, maturity, and loan spread to determine the loan agreement. This study used secondary data in the Dealscan database with 548 samples of Asia-Pacific corporates in 2006-2010. This study shows interdependencies of collateral, maturity, and loan spread. This research reveals that the main variable which affects the loan agreement consideration is collateral.

Research paper thumbnail of Business and Accounting Aspects: Mentoring Insight Between Students and Mentors in Entrepreneurship Context

Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 2018

The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teac... more The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teaching and learning model in entrepreneurship context which able to create a creative business. The research subject is business and accounting teaching and learning model in Universitas Ciputra's Management Study Program, which is applied to project based and using mentoring approach. Informants are facilitators and students who are building start-up businesses. The research uses a qualitative method and case study approach. Results show that Students gain positive insight into business and accounting teaching and learning method that is applied, Facilitators applied the creative method to reach the optimal teaching and learning result, and engagement pattern in form of mentoring is agreed by both parties. These research results are wished to be used for higher education who is working on their entrepreneurship teaching and learning pattern aiming for creating creative businesses.

Research paper thumbnail of Credit analysis and lending management

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Corruption Perception Index and Country Risk Index on Syndicated Loan Establishment and Structure in Asia 1999-2003

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

ABSTRACT This paper tests whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country risk index, ... more ABSTRACT This paper tests whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country risk index, both being macro economic variables, could affect the lead arranger decision for syndicated loans or the size allocation for syndicated loans.In this research, we use logit methodology to analyze the lead arranger decision to approve a syndicated loans application. To analyze the size determination, we use tobit model analysis. The sample for this research came from all recorded loan transaction in Asia during the period 1999-2003. To strenghten the research analysis, we also apply robustnest check with an ordinary least square method.From this research, it is showed that the lead arranger consider their reputation and certification effect as an important factor that lead them to prefer a low risk syndicated loans. For size determintation, lead arranger will decide larger size for a higher risk loan, since they expect a higher return as a risk compensation for the investment.

Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetry Information and Diversification Effect on Loan Pricing in Asia Pacific Region 2006-2010

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and pa... more Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and participant in syndicated loans. In syndicated loans, lead arranger are responsible in the loan establishment and act as intermediary between borrower and syndicated members. It cause participant to be highly dependant to the lead arranger. The theory predicts that the higher asymmetry information between lead arranger and participant will cause participant to expect a higher loan pricing, and a bigger lead share will reduce this effect. Conversely, a bigger lead share will resulted in a higher monitoring risk and credit risk for the lead arranger, which cause lead arranger to expect a higher loan pricing. Therefore, the establishment of loan pricing are affected by two opposite effect, asymmetry information effect (participant pricing) and diversification effect (lead pricing). This study uses two stage least squares (2SLS) to determine the existence of asymmetry information effect and diversification effect in loan pricing. This study used a sample of the entire LIBOR-based lending in Asia Pacific region for the period 2006-2010. This research shown that diversification effect indeed affecting the loan pricing in Asia Pacific, while asymmetry information effect in not proven. This is because Asia Pacific loans have a high average lead share (75%) and most of the loans have more than one lead arranger. The study also found that lenders tend to consider the economy conditions of a nation and previous relationship with the borrower than the financial performance of each borrower.

Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetry Information and Diversification Effect on Loan Pricing in Asia Pacific Region 2006-2010

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and pa... more Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and participant in syndicated loans. In syndicated loans, lead arranger are responsible in the loan establishment and act as intermediary between borrower and syndicated members. It cause participant to be highly dependant to the lead arranger. The theory predicts that the higher asymmetry information between lead arranger and participant will cause participant to expect a higher loan pricing, and a bigger lead share will reduce this effect. Conversely, a bigger lead share will resulted in a higher monitoring risk and credit risk for the lead arranger, which cause lead arranger to expect a higher loan pricing. Therefore, the establishment of loan pricing are affected by two opposite effect, asymmetry information effect (participant pricing) and diversification effect (lead pricing). This study uses two stage least squares (2SLS) to determine the existence of asymmetry information effect and diversification effect in loan pricing. This study used a sample of the entire LIBOR-based lending in Asia Pacific region for the period 2006-2010. This research shown that diversification effect indeed affecting the loan pricing in Asia Pacific, while asymmetry information effect in not proven. This is because Asia Pacific loans have a high average lead share (75%) and most of the loans have more than one lead arranger. The study also found that lenders tend to consider the economy conditions of a nation and previous relationship with the borrower than the financial performance of each borrower.

Research paper thumbnail of Business and Accounting Aspects: Mentoring Insight Between Students and Mentors in Entrepreneurship Context

Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 2018

The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teaching... more The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teaching and learning model in entrepreneurship context which able to create a creative business. The research subject is business and accounting teaching and learning model in Universitas Ciputra's Management Study Program, which is applied to project based and using mentoring approach. Informants are facilitators and students who are building start-up businesses. The research uses a qualitative method and case study approach. Results show that Students gain positive insight into business and accounting teaching and learning method that is applied, Facilitators applied the creative method to reach the optimal teaching and learning result, and engagement pattern in form of mentoring is agreed by both parties. These research results are wished to be used for higher education who is working on their entrepreneurship teaching and learning pattern aiming for creating creative businesses.

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Corporate Debt Maturity in Asia Pacific

This study is aimed to analyze factors that determine debt maturity. Since the asymmetric informa... more This study is aimed to analyze factors that determine debt maturity. Since the asymmetric information level in Asia Pacific is higher compare to U.S. and Europe, the debt maturity decision become riskier. This study is using 13 different regression model, all sample, listed and crisis, listed and non crisis, non listed and crisis, non listed and non crisis, listed with performance and crisis, listed with performance and non crisis, listed high leverage, listed high leverage and crisis, listed high leverage and non crisis, listed low leverage, listed low leverage and crisis, listed low leverage and non crisis. This paper investigates the determinants of debt maturity for all loan sample in Asia Pacific during 2006-2010, using ordinary least square method to support the results. Based on the research, lenders are proven unable to differentiate between good quality borrowers and bad quality borrowers. Thus, in terms of debt maturity policy, the risk is higher for lenders compare to bor...

Research paper thumbnail of SCHOOL OF BANKING AND FINANCE FINS5530 FINANCIAL INSTITUTION MANAGEMENT Accreditation

The Australian Institute of Banking and Finance (AIBF) is the principal professional association ... more The Australian Institute of Banking and Finance (AIBF) is the principal professional association for the banking and financial services industry in Australia. The AIBF has recently changed its policies concerning graduate and full-time student membership. For further information, contact:

Research paper thumbnail of Credit Analysis and Lending Management

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect Of Corruption And Country Risk On Syndicated Loan Establishment And Structure In Asia 1999-2003

This research objective is to test whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country ris... more This research objective is to test whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country risk index, both as a macroeconomic variable, could affect the lead arranger decision for syndicated loans or the size determination for syndicated loans. In this research, we use logit methodology to analyze the lead arranger decision to approve a syndicated loans application, meanwhile to analyze the size determination, we used tobit model analysis. The sample for this research came from all recorded loan transaction in Asia during 1999-2003. To strenghten the research analysis, we also apply robustnest check with an ordinary least square method. From this research, it is showed that the lead arranger consider their reputation and certification effect as an important factor that lead them to prefer a low risk syndicated loans. For size determintation, lead arranger will decide a higher size for a higher risk loan, since they expect a higher return as a risk compensation for the investment.

Research paper thumbnail of A Symmetry Information and Credit Risk Effecton Loan Pricing in Asia Pacific

The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial... more The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial bank, mix bank, country risk, CPI, foreign lender, log amount, maturity, ticker, secure, senior, deal purpose, and sector industries) to the dependent variables (loan spread). Key issues in this study consisted of information asymmetry, moral hazard, adverse selection, and country risk. The results of this research show the variable that significantly affect the loan pricing decisions by lenders especially in Asia Pacific countries. Borrowers in Asia Pacific can learn from the lender’s behavior in the loan pricing decision. They also can have more knowledge on the determinants influence the procedure of the loan pricing. Governments of the Asia Pacific countries can use this study to gain more information about factors that influence the loan pricing. They should make a regulation according loan pricing decisions and they should monitored the process of the loans for the local banks so ...

Research paper thumbnail of The First International Conference on Entrepreneurship Book One 59 ASYMMETRY INFORMATION AND CREDIT RISK EFFECT ON LOAN PRICING IN ASIA PACIFIC 2006-2010

The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial... more The purpose of this research is to test the relationship of the independent variables (commercial bank, mix bank, country risk, CPI, foreign lender, log amount, maturity, ticker, secure, senior, deal purpose, and sector industries) to the dependent variables (loan spread). Key issues in this study consisted of information asymmetry, moral hazard, adverse selection and country risk. The results of this research shows the variable that significantly affect the loan pricing decisions by lenders especially in Asia Pacific countries. Borrowers in They also can have more knowledge on the determinants influence the procedure of the loan pricing. Governments of the Asia Pacific countries can use this study to gain more information about factors that influence the loan pricing. They should make a regulation according loan pricing decisions and they should monitored the process of the loans for the local banks so they

Research paper thumbnail of Determinants of Loan Agreement in Asia-Pacific

This study aims to investigates and analyze the interdependencies of three main variables of loan... more This study aims to investigates and analyze the interdependencies of three main variables of loan agreement. The three main variables are: collateral, maturity, and loan spread. This research is applied in Asia-Pacific corporate area between 2006 and 2010. This study used two stage least square regression analysis. This research used 6 models to describe the interdependencies of collateral, maturity, and loan spread to determine the loan agreement. This study used secondary data in the Dealscan database with 548 samples of Asia-Pacific corporates in 2006-2010. This study shows interdependencies of collateral, maturity, and loan spread. This research reveals that the main variable which affects the loan agreement consideration is collateral.

Research paper thumbnail of Business and Accounting Aspects: Mentoring Insight Between Students and Mentors in Entrepreneurship Context

Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 2018

The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teac... more The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teaching and learning model in entrepreneurship context which able to create a creative business. The research subject is business and accounting teaching and learning model in Universitas Ciputra's Management Study Program, which is applied to project based and using mentoring approach. Informants are facilitators and students who are building start-up businesses. The research uses a qualitative method and case study approach. Results show that Students gain positive insight into business and accounting teaching and learning method that is applied, Facilitators applied the creative method to reach the optimal teaching and learning result, and engagement pattern in form of mentoring is agreed by both parties. These research results are wished to be used for higher education who is working on their entrepreneurship teaching and learning pattern aiming for creating creative businesses.

Research paper thumbnail of Credit analysis and lending management

Research paper thumbnail of The Effect of Corruption Perception Index and Country Risk Index on Syndicated Loan Establishment and Structure in Asia 1999-2003

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

ABSTRACT This paper tests whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country risk index, ... more ABSTRACT This paper tests whether the corruption perception index (CPI), and country risk index, both being macro economic variables, could affect the lead arranger decision for syndicated loans or the size allocation for syndicated loans.In this research, we use logit methodology to analyze the lead arranger decision to approve a syndicated loans application. To analyze the size determination, we use tobit model analysis. The sample for this research came from all recorded loan transaction in Asia during the period 1999-2003. To strenghten the research analysis, we also apply robustnest check with an ordinary least square method.From this research, it is showed that the lead arranger consider their reputation and certification effect as an important factor that lead them to prefer a low risk syndicated loans. For size determintation, lead arranger will decide larger size for a higher risk loan, since they expect a higher return as a risk compensation for the investment.

Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetry Information and Diversification Effect on Loan Pricing in Asia Pacific Region 2006-2010

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and pa... more Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and participant in syndicated loans. In syndicated loans, lead arranger are responsible in the loan establishment and act as intermediary between borrower and syndicated members. It cause participant to be highly dependant to the lead arranger. The theory predicts that the higher asymmetry information between lead arranger and participant will cause participant to expect a higher loan pricing, and a bigger lead share will reduce this effect. Conversely, a bigger lead share will resulted in a higher monitoring risk and credit risk for the lead arranger, which cause lead arranger to expect a higher loan pricing. Therefore, the establishment of loan pricing are affected by two opposite effect, asymmetry information effect (participant pricing) and diversification effect (lead pricing). This study uses two stage least squares (2SLS) to determine the existence of asymmetry information effect and diversification effect in loan pricing. This study used a sample of the entire LIBOR-based lending in Asia Pacific region for the period 2006-2010. This research shown that diversification effect indeed affecting the loan pricing in Asia Pacific, while asymmetry information effect in not proven. This is because Asia Pacific loans have a high average lead share (75%) and most of the loans have more than one lead arranger. The study also found that lenders tend to consider the economy conditions of a nation and previous relationship with the borrower than the financial performance of each borrower.

Research paper thumbnail of Asymmetry Information and Diversification Effect on Loan Pricing in Asia Pacific Region 2006-2010

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and pa... more Purpose of this study is to test the asymmetry information influence towards lead arranger and participant in syndicated loans. In syndicated loans, lead arranger are responsible in the loan establishment and act as intermediary between borrower and syndicated members. It cause participant to be highly dependant to the lead arranger. The theory predicts that the higher asymmetry information between lead arranger and participant will cause participant to expect a higher loan pricing, and a bigger lead share will reduce this effect. Conversely, a bigger lead share will resulted in a higher monitoring risk and credit risk for the lead arranger, which cause lead arranger to expect a higher loan pricing. Therefore, the establishment of loan pricing are affected by two opposite effect, asymmetry information effect (participant pricing) and diversification effect (lead pricing). This study uses two stage least squares (2SLS) to determine the existence of asymmetry information effect and diversification effect in loan pricing. This study used a sample of the entire LIBOR-based lending in Asia Pacific region for the period 2006-2010. This research shown that diversification effect indeed affecting the loan pricing in Asia Pacific, while asymmetry information effect in not proven. This is because Asia Pacific loans have a high average lead share (75%) and most of the loans have more than one lead arranger. The study also found that lenders tend to consider the economy conditions of a nation and previous relationship with the borrower than the financial performance of each borrower.

Research paper thumbnail of Business and Accounting Aspects: Mentoring Insight Between Students and Mentors in Entrepreneurship Context

Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 2018

The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teaching... more The research aims to explore mentor and mentee's insights toward business and accounting teaching and learning model in entrepreneurship context which able to create a creative business. The research subject is business and accounting teaching and learning model in Universitas Ciputra's Management Study Program, which is applied to project based and using mentoring approach. Informants are facilitators and students who are building start-up businesses. The research uses a qualitative method and case study approach. Results show that Students gain positive insight into business and accounting teaching and learning method that is applied, Facilitators applied the creative method to reach the optimal teaching and learning result, and engagement pattern in form of mentoring is agreed by both parties. These research results are wished to be used for higher education who is working on their entrepreneurship teaching and learning pattern aiming for creating creative businesses.