Alice Kehoe | Marquette University (original) (raw)

Papers by Alice Kehoe

Choice Reviews Online, 2012

Expanding American Anthropology, 1945-1980: A Generation Reflects takes an inside look at America... more Expanding American Anthropology, 1945-1980: A Generation Reflects takes an inside look at American anthropology's participation in the enormous expansion of the social sciences after World War II. During this time the discipline of anthropology itself came of age, expanding into diverse subfields, frequently on the initiative of individual practitioners. The Association of Senior Anthropologists of the American Anthropological Association (AAA) called upon a number of its leaders to give accounts of their particular innovations in the discipline. This volume is the result of the AAA venture--a set of primary documents on the history of American anthropology at a critical juncture. In preparing the volume, the editors endeavoured to maintain the feeling of "oral history" within the chapters and to preserve the individual voices of the contributors. There are many books on the history of anthropology, but few that include personal essays from such a broad swath of different perspectives. The passing of time will make this volume increasingly valuable in understanding the development of American anthropology from a small discipline to the profession of over ten thousand practitioners.

Anthropology News, 2006

... Boas as Hamatsa: Appropriate for the Medal for Exemplary Service to Anthropology Award? Alice... more ... Boas as Hamatsa: Appropriate for the Medal for Exemplary Service to Anthropology Award? Alice B Kehoe,; Andrea A Wiley,; George Stocking,; Regna Darnell,; Norman Francis Boas,; Curtis M Hinsley. Article first published online: 30 DEC 2008. DOI: 10.1525/an.2006.47.2.4. Issue ...

Bulletin of the History of Archaeology, 2003

This is a fine book standing as a major contribution to the history of archaeology in India, as w... more This is a fine book standing as a major contribution to the history of archaeology in India, as well as to the developing discourse about the nature of a Third World archaeology. Given the current focus on issues associated with the incorporation of postcolonial discourse into archaeology, this second element of Chakrabarti's book should guarantee that it receives the attention of archaeologists with a stronger interest in archaeological theory.

Irvine and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Capping off a professional lifetime, he ... more Irvine and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Capping off a professional lifetime, he undertook to write a small textbook for high-school seniors and undergrads explaining problems with Creationist explanations contesting evolution. The result is useful to instructors, too, providing short, sound answers to questions about the alleged conflict between religion and science. Logic, rhetoric, and science are the three areas where creationists fail, according to Fitch. He begins with a very basic introduction to logic, listing and giving examples of logical fallacies and of pitfalls such as "loaded words" like "methodological atheism" (used by creationist Philip Johnson), where "atheism" may be technically correct for science-by definition science does not postulate deities-but its connotation of expressed rejection of belief in deities is not involved (p. 21). His next chapter presents "The Basics," how we obtain knowledge from observation, authority, or faith. Theology, esthetics, ethics, and science are domains for judging and evaluating observations; Fitch explains how creationists fail to keep these domains separate, invoking theology to account for natural-world observations and ethics to claim moral worth as a criterion for accepting a scientific hypothesis. Fitch's next chapter lays out "some simple math and statistics" pertinent to the age of the earth and to genetics. This chapter requires more mental energy than the preceding ones, which could make it particularly educational for students, leading them through examples of mathematical thinking. The final chapter is called "'Young-Earth' Creationism", although it could better be

Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender, 2003

ABSTRACT

Antiquity, 1991

The ‘fertility symbols’ of Palaeolithic Europe run from unambiguous female effigies to shapes tha... more The ‘fertility symbols’ of Palaeolithic Europe run from unambiguous female effigies to shapes that may not be human at all. A view is taken of some of the forms that makes them into Mars rather than Venus.

Archaeologies, 2010

CONSENSUS AND THE FRINGE IN AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY PREFACE: When, in 1971, Joseph Needham published... more CONSENSUS AND THE FRINGE IN AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY PREFACE: When, in 1971, Joseph Needham published his discussion of-Navigation‖ in volume 4, part 3 of Science and Civilisation in China, David Kelley and I were gratified that one of the leading scientific minds of the century had judged the evidence for pre-Columbian transpacific contacts to warrant serious consideration. No one else seemed to notice. In 1975, looking up the library catalog number for Science and Civilisation, Needham's birth date, 1900, caught my attention. I phoned Kelley, pointed out Needham was 75 years old, and suggested that since archaeologists seemed unaware of his research, Dave and I should try to organize a conference with him to bring that work into our field. We wanted Needham to come to Mexico to see the data firsthand and discuss finds and contexts with archaeologists engaged with those data. Needham was delighted, and said that Lu Gwei-Djen would accompany him. With support from Wenner-Gren, Ford Foundation, and Coca-Cola (then negotiating to win the People's Republic cola-drink franchise), our group spent two weeks in Mexico in 1977, visiting Teotihuacán, Monte Albán, El Tajín, and Palenque as well as Mexico City's Museo Nacional (Kehoe 1978). The funded participants were from the United States and England, with Mexican colleagues joining us as convenient; such a peripatetic conference meeting at a series of sites and museum collections was a novel innovation for Wenner-Gren. A good time was had by all, but none of participants who had dismissed pre-Columbian contacts changed his mind, and none of those fulfilled the understood obligation to submit a paper for the proposed conference volume. I believe none of them had a reasoned argument. *Manuscript (Must NOT Contain Any Author Information) Click here to view linked References Kehoe 2 I continue to see archaeologists rejecting well-derived, well-supported scientific interpretations, espousing instead hoary dogma or simplistic scientism. As David Quinn, discussing disputes over Columbus' rivals, said of the magisterial Harvard historian Samuel Eliot Morison, The rejection of any pre-Columbian movement across the Atlantic apart from the Norse voyages leaves the ocean peculiarly empty for many centuries, but it is a justifiable reaction in an outstanding historian whose great merit is that he sees sharply in black-and-white terms and is therefore uniquely qualified to expound what is already known. He is perhaps too impatient to study the nuances of pre-Columbian enterprise (Quinn 1974:22-23).

Current Anthropology, 1971

American Anthropologist, 1997

... 46, 50) without describ-ing Metis refugees from the Riel Rebellions absorbed into Montana Ind... more ... 46, 50) without describ-ing Metis refugees from the Riel Rebellions absorbed into Montana Indian nations. Lakota anthropologist Beatrice Medicine pleads, at conference after conference, for studies on Indian sobriety. ... Matthew C. Gutmann. ...

Bulletin of the History of Archaeology, 2004

American Anthropologist, 2000

Complutum, 2014

'Scientific' archaeology advocated by mainstream American archaeologists since the 1960s has tend... more 'Scientific' archaeology advocated by mainstream American archaeologists since the 1960s has tended to narrow 'science' to what Kuhn termed normal science, that is, research constrained by a ruling paradigm. This paradigm is based on the Myth of Columbus legitimating European invasions, conquests, and dispossessions of American nations by asserting that until October 1492, the Americas were a wilderness inhabited by savages. European international law held that Christians had the right to invade non-Christian nations and convert them by force if necessary. American schools teach that American Indians lacked the arts of civilization, and this early socialization persists in archaeologists' models of pre-contact American nations. The paper looks at the "Core system" of the discipline, a recent interest in 'historicizing' the pre-contact American past, and the issue of transoceanic contacts before Columbus.

by Marcio Teixeira-Bastos, Ian Hodder, Hannah Moots, Sophia Colello, Koji Lau-Ozawa, Lúcio Menezes Ferreira, Michael V Wilcox, Allison Mickel, Ciler Cilingiroglu, Anna Källén, Wendy Teeter, Tiffany C . Fryer, Piraye Hacıgüzeller, Supriya Varma, Swadhin Sen, Veerasamy Selvakumar, Rebecca Graff, Natalia Pulyavina, Anne Sherfield, Tânia Manuel Casimiro, Francisco Curate, Marianne Sallum, Alessandra Cianciosi, Lucy Gill, Alice Kehoe, Matthew Greer, and Kristina G Douglass

In light of the ongoing acts of anti-Black and anti-Indigenous violence that testify to the immed... more In light of the ongoing acts of anti-Black and anti-Indigenous violence that testify to the immediate need for systemic social change, the new TAG 2021 theme will focus on issues of social and racial justice in the theory, method, and practice of archaeology.

Unpublished, 2021

This paper illustrates how different standpoints affect business matters. The 18th-century fur ... more This paper illustrates how different standpoints affect business matters. The 18th-century fur trade in western Canada brought together two cultural worlds, that of Western Europe and that of American First Nations. The paper describes the contrast between Hudson's Bay Company posts ruled from London, and independent "pedlars" familiar with First Nations customs and wants.

Native American Landscapes: An Engendered Perspective, 2016

Archaeologists use "gender" to mean socially prescribed roles allocated on basis of sex (XX or XY... more Archaeologists use "gender" to mean socially prescribed roles allocated on basis of sex (XX or XY), but "gender" is a linguists' technical term and is not connected to sex except in Indo-European and Semitic. It is not appropriate to use "gender" as euphemism for sex-based social roles.

Native American Landscapes: An Engendered Perspective, 2016

Contrary to assumptions, gender is not common in world languages, perhaps only Indo-European and ... more Contrary to assumptions, gender is not common in world languages, perhaps only Indo-European and Semitic have gender syntax and male/female classes. "Gender" as euphemism for "sex" was introduced c. 1970 by U.S. Justice Ginsburg in arguing against discrimination based on sex. Archaeologists should not use "gender" when they mean, and are looking for clues to, social roles based on sex.

AllegraLab , 2020

Mrs. Ginsburg and I were young mothers as grad students, with our husbands, at Harvard; as an ant... more Mrs. Ginsburg and I were young mothers as grad students, with our husbands, at Harvard; as an anthropologist, my work since was as ant to her world-changing work, but us little ant toilers helped our wonderful leader.

Choice Reviews Online, 2012

Expanding American Anthropology, 1945-1980: A Generation Reflects takes an inside look at America... more Expanding American Anthropology, 1945-1980: A Generation Reflects takes an inside look at American anthropology's participation in the enormous expansion of the social sciences after World War II. During this time the discipline of anthropology itself came of age, expanding into diverse subfields, frequently on the initiative of individual practitioners. The Association of Senior Anthropologists of the American Anthropological Association (AAA) called upon a number of its leaders to give accounts of their particular innovations in the discipline. This volume is the result of the AAA venture--a set of primary documents on the history of American anthropology at a critical juncture. In preparing the volume, the editors endeavoured to maintain the feeling of "oral history" within the chapters and to preserve the individual voices of the contributors. There are many books on the history of anthropology, but few that include personal essays from such a broad swath of different perspectives. The passing of time will make this volume increasingly valuable in understanding the development of American anthropology from a small discipline to the profession of over ten thousand practitioners.

Anthropology News, 2006

... Boas as Hamatsa: Appropriate for the Medal for Exemplary Service to Anthropology Award? Alice... more ... Boas as Hamatsa: Appropriate for the Medal for Exemplary Service to Anthropology Award? Alice B Kehoe,; Andrea A Wiley,; George Stocking,; Regna Darnell,; Norman Francis Boas,; Curtis M Hinsley. Article first published online: 30 DEC 2008. DOI: 10.1525/an.2006.47.2.4. Issue ...

Bulletin of the History of Archaeology, 2003

This is a fine book standing as a major contribution to the history of archaeology in India, as w... more This is a fine book standing as a major contribution to the history of archaeology in India, as well as to the developing discourse about the nature of a Third World archaeology. Given the current focus on issues associated with the incorporation of postcolonial discourse into archaeology, this second element of Chakrabarti's book should guarantee that it receives the attention of archaeologists with a stronger interest in archaeological theory.

Irvine and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Capping off a professional lifetime, he ... more Irvine and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Capping off a professional lifetime, he undertook to write a small textbook for high-school seniors and undergrads explaining problems with Creationist explanations contesting evolution. The result is useful to instructors, too, providing short, sound answers to questions about the alleged conflict between religion and science. Logic, rhetoric, and science are the three areas where creationists fail, according to Fitch. He begins with a very basic introduction to logic, listing and giving examples of logical fallacies and of pitfalls such as "loaded words" like "methodological atheism" (used by creationist Philip Johnson), where "atheism" may be technically correct for science-by definition science does not postulate deities-but its connotation of expressed rejection of belief in deities is not involved (p. 21). His next chapter presents "The Basics," how we obtain knowledge from observation, authority, or faith. Theology, esthetics, ethics, and science are domains for judging and evaluating observations; Fitch explains how creationists fail to keep these domains separate, invoking theology to account for natural-world observations and ethics to claim moral worth as a criterion for accepting a scientific hypothesis. Fitch's next chapter lays out "some simple math and statistics" pertinent to the age of the earth and to genetics. This chapter requires more mental energy than the preceding ones, which could make it particularly educational for students, leading them through examples of mathematical thinking. The final chapter is called "'Young-Earth' Creationism", although it could better be

Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender, 2003

ABSTRACT

Antiquity, 1991

The ‘fertility symbols’ of Palaeolithic Europe run from unambiguous female effigies to shapes tha... more The ‘fertility symbols’ of Palaeolithic Europe run from unambiguous female effigies to shapes that may not be human at all. A view is taken of some of the forms that makes them into Mars rather than Venus.

Archaeologies, 2010

CONSENSUS AND THE FRINGE IN AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY PREFACE: When, in 1971, Joseph Needham published... more CONSENSUS AND THE FRINGE IN AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY PREFACE: When, in 1971, Joseph Needham published his discussion of-Navigation‖ in volume 4, part 3 of Science and Civilisation in China, David Kelley and I were gratified that one of the leading scientific minds of the century had judged the evidence for pre-Columbian transpacific contacts to warrant serious consideration. No one else seemed to notice. In 1975, looking up the library catalog number for Science and Civilisation, Needham's birth date, 1900, caught my attention. I phoned Kelley, pointed out Needham was 75 years old, and suggested that since archaeologists seemed unaware of his research, Dave and I should try to organize a conference with him to bring that work into our field. We wanted Needham to come to Mexico to see the data firsthand and discuss finds and contexts with archaeologists engaged with those data. Needham was delighted, and said that Lu Gwei-Djen would accompany him. With support from Wenner-Gren, Ford Foundation, and Coca-Cola (then negotiating to win the People's Republic cola-drink franchise), our group spent two weeks in Mexico in 1977, visiting Teotihuacán, Monte Albán, El Tajín, and Palenque as well as Mexico City's Museo Nacional (Kehoe 1978). The funded participants were from the United States and England, with Mexican colleagues joining us as convenient; such a peripatetic conference meeting at a series of sites and museum collections was a novel innovation for Wenner-Gren. A good time was had by all, but none of participants who had dismissed pre-Columbian contacts changed his mind, and none of those fulfilled the understood obligation to submit a paper for the proposed conference volume. I believe none of them had a reasoned argument. *Manuscript (Must NOT Contain Any Author Information) Click here to view linked References Kehoe 2 I continue to see archaeologists rejecting well-derived, well-supported scientific interpretations, espousing instead hoary dogma or simplistic scientism. As David Quinn, discussing disputes over Columbus' rivals, said of the magisterial Harvard historian Samuel Eliot Morison, The rejection of any pre-Columbian movement across the Atlantic apart from the Norse voyages leaves the ocean peculiarly empty for many centuries, but it is a justifiable reaction in an outstanding historian whose great merit is that he sees sharply in black-and-white terms and is therefore uniquely qualified to expound what is already known. He is perhaps too impatient to study the nuances of pre-Columbian enterprise (Quinn 1974:22-23).

Current Anthropology, 1971

American Anthropologist, 1997

... 46, 50) without describ-ing Metis refugees from the Riel Rebellions absorbed into Montana Ind... more ... 46, 50) without describ-ing Metis refugees from the Riel Rebellions absorbed into Montana Indian nations. Lakota anthropologist Beatrice Medicine pleads, at conference after conference, for studies on Indian sobriety. ... Matthew C. Gutmann. ...

Bulletin of the History of Archaeology, 2004

American Anthropologist, 2000

Complutum, 2014

'Scientific' archaeology advocated by mainstream American archaeologists since the 1960s has tend... more 'Scientific' archaeology advocated by mainstream American archaeologists since the 1960s has tended to narrow 'science' to what Kuhn termed normal science, that is, research constrained by a ruling paradigm. This paradigm is based on the Myth of Columbus legitimating European invasions, conquests, and dispossessions of American nations by asserting that until October 1492, the Americas were a wilderness inhabited by savages. European international law held that Christians had the right to invade non-Christian nations and convert them by force if necessary. American schools teach that American Indians lacked the arts of civilization, and this early socialization persists in archaeologists' models of pre-contact American nations. The paper looks at the "Core system" of the discipline, a recent interest in 'historicizing' the pre-contact American past, and the issue of transoceanic contacts before Columbus.

by Marcio Teixeira-Bastos, Ian Hodder, Hannah Moots, Sophia Colello, Koji Lau-Ozawa, Lúcio Menezes Ferreira, Michael V Wilcox, Allison Mickel, Ciler Cilingiroglu, Anna Källén, Wendy Teeter, Tiffany C . Fryer, Piraye Hacıgüzeller, Supriya Varma, Swadhin Sen, Veerasamy Selvakumar, Rebecca Graff, Natalia Pulyavina, Anne Sherfield, Tânia Manuel Casimiro, Francisco Curate, Marianne Sallum, Alessandra Cianciosi, Lucy Gill, Alice Kehoe, Matthew Greer, and Kristina G Douglass

In light of the ongoing acts of anti-Black and anti-Indigenous violence that testify to the immed... more In light of the ongoing acts of anti-Black and anti-Indigenous violence that testify to the immediate need for systemic social change, the new TAG 2021 theme will focus on issues of social and racial justice in the theory, method, and practice of archaeology.

Unpublished, 2021

This paper illustrates how different standpoints affect business matters. The 18th-century fur ... more This paper illustrates how different standpoints affect business matters. The 18th-century fur trade in western Canada brought together two cultural worlds, that of Western Europe and that of American First Nations. The paper describes the contrast between Hudson's Bay Company posts ruled from London, and independent "pedlars" familiar with First Nations customs and wants.

Native American Landscapes: An Engendered Perspective, 2016

Archaeologists use "gender" to mean socially prescribed roles allocated on basis of sex (XX or XY... more Archaeologists use "gender" to mean socially prescribed roles allocated on basis of sex (XX or XY), but "gender" is a linguists' technical term and is not connected to sex except in Indo-European and Semitic. It is not appropriate to use "gender" as euphemism for sex-based social roles.

Native American Landscapes: An Engendered Perspective, 2016

Contrary to assumptions, gender is not common in world languages, perhaps only Indo-European and ... more Contrary to assumptions, gender is not common in world languages, perhaps only Indo-European and Semitic have gender syntax and male/female classes. "Gender" as euphemism for "sex" was introduced c. 1970 by U.S. Justice Ginsburg in arguing against discrimination based on sex. Archaeologists should not use "gender" when they mean, and are looking for clues to, social roles based on sex.

AllegraLab , 2020

Mrs. Ginsburg and I were young mothers as grad students, with our husbands, at Harvard; as an ant... more Mrs. Ginsburg and I were young mothers as grad students, with our husbands, at Harvard; as an anthropologist, my work since was as ant to her world-changing work, but us little ant toilers helped our wonderful leader.

This paper argues that the category "chiefdoms" is a colonialist academic construction applied to... more This paper argues that the category "chiefdoms" is a colonialist academic construction applied to non-Western societies to place them subordinate to Western imperialist conquerors. The paper was rejected in 2003 by two principal anthropological journals as "too political".

Unpublished, 2021

Contrasts European business culture with American First Nations trade culture, drawing on excavat... more Contrasts European business culture with American First Nations trade culture, drawing on excavation of an eighteenth-century "pedlars" post in western Canada, and the contemporary Hudson's Bay Company in the same territory.

Traveling Prehistoric Seas, 2016

Evidence for ocean voyages, even across Atlantic and Pacific, before 1492 is abundant. This book... more Evidence for ocean voyages, even across Atlantic and Pacific, before 1492 is abundant. This book describes the variety of seagoing boats, ocean currents and winds, and in a series of chapters, Polynesian voyaging and evidence in the Americas of transoceanic contacts. Strongest evidence is for medieval Asian merchant ships in the spice trade reaching Mexico, and for Norse use of the Canadian maritimes beginnning 1000 CE. This book is NOT about frauds and mysteries, it presents solid scientific reasoning.

Militant Christianity, 2012

The spread of Christianity through Europe was often by decree of a ruler, with too few priests av... more The spread of Christianity through Europe was often by decree of a ruler, with too few priests available to teach the religion. Existing religious beliefs and customs persisted, reflecting basic Indo-European concepts and values including oppositional dualism, trinities, patriarchy, and glory to be won on battlefields. Contemporary Fundamentalist evangelical Christianity is such a persistent culture, exemplified by both Trump and Putin. This book presents its deep history and political rise in America.

Shamans and Religion, 2000

Shamans and Religion provides the history of actual shamans' religious practices in Siberia and a... more Shamans and Religion provides the history of actual shamans' religious practices in Siberia and adjacent Asia, and the imperial Western concept of a primitive, ancient non-Western religion found among the Others––the conquered, colonized non-Western nations.