Ekeleme kenneth | NASARAWA STATE UNIVERSITY, KEFFI, NASARAWA STATE-NIGERIA (original) (raw)

Papers by Ekeleme kenneth

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jan 30, 2023

Phytochemical analysis of ethanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves and bark of Bidens plasa and... more Phytochemical analysis of ethanol and aqueous extracts of the leaves and bark of Bidens plasa and Brilliantasia patula plant were carried out using standard technique. The plants parts were extracted through cold maceration technique. Bacteria were isolated using standard microbiology methods. Antibacterial activity of the extracts was carried out using agar well diffusion technique. Results of the phytochemical analysis revealed flavonoids, phenols, alkaloid, tannins, steroids, saponins, anthraquinone, reducing sugar, terpenes and glycosides were present in the plant extracts. The extracts were tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, Salmonella spp and P. aeruginosa isolated from tomato, vegetables and dry fish. The aqueous leaves extract of Bidens plasa inhibited all the test isolates at 50.0 mg and 25.0 mg. The ethanol leaves extracts of Bidens plasa had more antibacterial activity against the test bacteria. The ranges of inhibition zone of the test bacteria were E. coli had 14.0±0.42 mm at 50.0 mg, 11.00±2.00 mm at 25.0mg and 7.00±0.10 mm at 12.5 mg; Klebsiella spp with 13.03±0.32 mm at 50.0 mg and 10.0±3.00 mm at 25.0mg respectively. The bark of extract of Brilliantasia patula had more antibacterial activity in various amount of the extract ranging from 50mg-12.5mg against the test bacteria. The range of inhibition zone of the test bacteria were E. coli had 13.0±0.21 mm at 50.0 mg, 7.0±1.00 mm at 25.0mg and 5.00±0.11 mm at 12.5 mg and Klebsiella spp with 10.00±1.00 at 50.0 mg and 6.00±0.01 mm at 25.0 mg. The antimicrobial activity demonstrated by these plant extracts on food borne pathogens indicated the preservative potentials these extracts possess in controlling the bacteria growth.

Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 2012

Veterinary World, 2018

Background and Aims: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of foodborne disease ... more Background and Aims: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of foodborne disease worldwide, due to the consumption of food contaminated by their toxins. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and the antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus isolated from sausages in Meknes city of Morocco. Materials and Methods: A total of 156 samples (Beef sausages, Turkey sausages, and Artisanal sausages "Merguez") were collected from different shopping sites (butchery, supermarket, street vendors, and weekly market "Souk") and used for the isolation of S. aureus. All the isolated strains were tested for their antimicrobials resistance to 16 antibiotics. Results: Our results showed the presence of S. aureus in 63 samples (40.38%). Furthermore, the antimicrobial resistance study showed that 84.13% of isolated S. aureus were resistant to streptomycin, 76.20% to tetracycline, 42.86% to ampicillin, 41.27% to doxycycline, 38.1% to penicillin G, and 19.05% to chloramphenicol with the presence of 25 different phenotypic profiles. However, all isolated strains were sensitive to oxacillin, cefoxitin, gentamicin, and vancomycin. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed consumption of sausages as a potential risk of foodborne poisonings because of its contamination with the multi-resistant strains of S. aureus. Moreover, this contamination is related to the season, sampling sites and the origin of the raw material.

South Asian Research Journal of Natural Products, May 21, 2021

This investigation aimed at Production of Ascorbic acid by Acetobacter spp Isolated from soil in ... more This investigation aimed at Production of Ascorbic acid by Acetobacter spp Isolated from soil in Keffi, was carried out using standard microbiological methods and identified standard techniques. The ability of the various isolates to produce Ascorbic acid were determined using starch solution Test and iodine crystal potassium iodide method while the quantitative determination of Ascorbic acid produced by each isolate was carried out and estimated using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC & MS). The results obtained showed that the different species of Acetobacter isolated from the study area included Acetobacter orientalis and Acetobacter orleanensis. The investigation further revealed that Acetobacter orientalis produced the highest Ascorbic acid at temperature of 28 o C with 12.34 mg/l and least at 39 o C with 5.12 mg/l, while Acetobacter orleanensis also produced highest at 28

The increasing menace of antimicrobial resistance in many pathogenic microbes has led to the sear... more The increasing menace of antimicrobial resistance in many pathogenic microbes has led to the search for long lasting remedy. The aim of this study was to examine the phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of extracts of Psidium guajava leaves against some clinical bacterial isolates. The plant leaves were extracted in three solvents namely; water, ethanol and methanol. The pathogenic bacterial isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae all isolated from urine samples. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and terpenoids in different proportions. The mean antibacterial activity of the extracts in vitro showed that the ethanolic extract was most efficacious at 25 mg concentration, inhibitin...

Medicinal plants offer an attractive array of phytochemicals with novel microbial disease – contr... more Medicinal plants offer an attractive array of phytochemicals with novel microbial disease – controlling potentials, due to the spectrum of secondary metabolites present in their extracts. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemicals present in leaf extracts of V. amygdalina and to examine its antibacterial properties against some clinical bacterial isolates. Ethanol, methanol and water were used as solvents in the extraction. The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts had tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, phytate and oxalate in varying proportions while alkaloid was the only exclusion in the methanolic extract. The antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract showed an average diameter inhibition zone between 9.0 mm to 24.0 mm against some clinical bacterial isolates such as, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The methanolic extracts showed sign...

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 2018

Aim: Production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride isolated from soil in ... more Aim: Production of citric acid by Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride isolated from soil in Keffi, Nigeria using Hydrolysed potato peels substrate.

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology, 2018

Aim: This study was aimed at the production of citric acid by Trichoderma viride (T. viride) isol... more Aim: This study was aimed at the production of citric acid by Trichoderma viride (T. viride) isolated from soil in keffi, Nigeria, using glucose enhanced substrate. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Microbiology Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences Nassarawa State University Keffi, Nigeria, between April and June 2017. Methodology: Trichoderma viride was isolated from soil in Keffi and identified using standard microbiology methods. Two types of glucose production media were prepared by following standard fermentation conditions. The citric acid produced was estimated using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method respectively. Results: The maximum citric acid production of 12.03±0.31g/l was obtained at pH 6.0 with glucose with soybeans cake by T. viride and on sugar concentration of 160 g/l 15.17±3.01 g/l. The fermentation broth containing glucose and soy beans cake has the highest production of citric acid on both fermentation parameters tested respectiv...

Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology, 2017

Contamination of door handles with antibiotic resistant bacteria can be a major threat to public ... more Contamination of door handles with antibiotic resistant bacteria can be a major threat to public health, as the antibiotic resistant determinants can be transferred to other pathogenic bacteria thus, compromising the treatment of severe bacterial infections. This study investigated the antibiotic susceptibility and plasmid profile of Salmonella typhi isolated from door handles of two tertiary institutions in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. One hundred door handles from each of the two institutions, making 200 in total were sampled and 36(18.00%) S. typhi were isolated. The isolates were 100% resistant to 7 out of the 10 antibiotics tested. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) study on selected multiple antibiotics resistant isolates showed that the isolates were susceptible to the tested antibiotics in the following order: Imipenem = Ciprofloxacin > Ceftazidime > Cefuroxime > Ampicillin > Nitrofurantoin. Fourteen (38.89%) of the multiple antibiotic resistant isolates produced beta lactamase enzymes. Conjugation experiment on the multiple antibiotics resistant S. typhi isolates showed that 7(18.42%) of the test S. typhi isolates transferred resistance plasmid gene to sensitive Proteus mirabilis and the MICs of the recipients increased significantly after Original Research Article Mohammed et al.; AJB2T, 1(1): 1-12, 2017; Article no.AJB2T.34780 2 conjugation. Plasmid profile of the transconjugants and the donors showed the presence of plasmid of different sizes ranging from 1600 to 2500 base pairs in both donor multiple antibiotics resistant S. typhi and transconjugants P. mirabilis. The transfer of resistant plasmids between bacteria could result in serious epidemics that may be difficult to manage.

American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics

South Asian Research Journal of Natural Products, 2021

International Journal of Modern Pharmaceutical Research, 2021

ABSTRACT Phytochemical and Antibacterial activity of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Parkia... more ABSTRACT
Phytochemical and Antibacterial activity of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Parkia
Biglobosa. The antibacterial potential of Parkia Biglobosa, Bark, root and leaf extracts
against bacteria isolated from food items. The test bacteria were isolated from food
items and identified using standard microbiological methods; ethanol and ethyl acetate
were used as solvents in the extraction of the extract from the Bark, root and leaf of
Parkia Biglobosa. The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanol and ethyl
acetate extracts contained tannins, Phenols, Steroids and saponins in varying
proportions. The Antibacterial activity of the extract against the test bacteria was
determined using cup agar plate method and diameter inhibition zones formed around
wells on the agar plates were measured. The mean antibacterial activity of the extracts
in vitro showed that the Ethyl acetate extract of leaves was most efficacious at 50mg
amount of the concentration inhibiting Salmonella sp (11.02mm), E. coli (14.10mm),
Klebsiella sp (18.0mm), Bacillus sp (15.0mm) and S. aureus (13.0mm). The ethanol
extract at 12.5mg amount of the concentration inhibited Salmonella sp (7.0mm), E. coli
(8.0mm) and Klebsiella sp (10.0mm). The ethyl acetate extract of the Root of P.
biglobosa inhibition zone varied from 7.0mm - 21.0 mm against the tested bacteria
such as Salmonella sp, E. coli, Klebsiella sp, Bacillus sp and S. aureus. The ethyl
acetate Bark extract of P. biglobosa extracts were found to be less efficient than
ethanol extracts. This study has revealed that the extract of P. biglobosa contains
antibacterial and phytochemical substances which can be harnessed

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS, 2021

Citric acid is an Organic acids, commercially valuable product extensively used in different indu... more Citric acid is an Organic acids, commercially valuable product extensively used in different industries for various purposes. This study aimed at citric acid production by A.niger and A. awamori isolated from soil in Keffi using waste starch from corn milling factory. A.niger and A. awamori was isolated from soil in Keffi and identified using standard microbiology methods. Starch production media was prepared by following standard fermentation conditions. The citric acid produced was estimated using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) method. The occurrence of Aspergillus species showed that Pyanku had the highest percentage occurrence with 100%. The screening for citric acid producing A.nigerand A. awamori showed that isolates from location A, C and D showed ability to produce citric acid. Effect of different temperature on citric acid production showed that A.awamoriA1produced highest at 28 o C with 3.10 mg/ml and A.awamoriA2 produced lowest at 26 O C (2.08mg/ml). A. niger F4 produced the highest at32 O C with 5.03mg/ml and A.niger F5 lowest at 26 O C with 3.10mg/ml. Fermentation duration showed duration by A. awamori A2 after 144hours with 5.00mg/ml and A. awamori A1 showed lowest yield after 24hours with 0.71mg/ml while A. niger F5 yield highest after 168 hours with 5.02mg/ml and A. niger F4 yield lowest after 24hours with 0.91mg/ml. Effect of pH on citric acid production showed that A. awamoriA1 yield highest at pH 4.5 with 5.19mg/ml while A. nigerF5 produced highest at pH 5.0 with citric acid yield of 5.69mg/l.

Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology

Free living nitrogen fixing bacteria are those that lives freely on rhizosphere of a young growin... more Free living nitrogen fixing bacteria are those that lives freely on rhizosphere of a young growing plant or those living in a close association with root of plants (Rhizobacteria) but not symbiotically. In most tropical soil, Nitrogen and other essential nutrients element are the most limiting nutrients which deficiencies could lead to slow growth and reduced crop production. Free living nitrogen fixing bacteria has the potential of secreting nitrogenase enzymes and produces organic acids such as glycolic, acetic, malic, succunic acids which fix atmospheric nitrogen directly into the soil for plants growth and development. To this end, the study on isolation, identification and screening of Azotobacter chroococcum from soil of Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria was carried out from May to September 2018. Soil samples were collected from eight different locations and Azotobacter strains were isolated and identified using standard microbiological methods. The 16SrRNA gene sequence analysis of the strain showed maximum similarity of 96% with Azotobacter chroococcum of the reference type strain deposited in RDP Gen Bank database. Azotobacter strains isolated from four different locations showed coloured zone ranging between 16-10mm. Similarly, Percentage amount of nitrogen released by each Azotobacter strain in the culture broth ranging between 1.19%-5.11% in an increasing order.

The increasing menace of antimicrobial resistance in many pathogenic microbes has led to the sear... more The increasing menace of antimicrobial resistance in many pathogenic microbes has led to the search for long lasting remedy. The aim of this study was to examine the phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of extracts of Psidium guajava leaves against some clinical bacterial isolates. The plant leaves were extracted in three solvents namely; water, ethanol and methanol. The pathogenic bacterial isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae all isolated from urine samples. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and terpenoids in different proportions. The mean antibacterial activity of the extracts in vitro showed that the ethanolic extract was most efficacious at 25 mg concentration, inhibiting P. aeruginosa (9.50 mm), E. coli (9.00 mm), S. pneumoniae (10.50 mm) and K. pneumoniae (9.50 mm). The aqueous extract at 100 mg concentration inhibited E. coli (12.50 mm), S. aureus (14.50 mm) and S. pneumoniae (9.00 mm). This study has revealed that the leaves extract of P. guajava contains antibacterial and phytochemical substances which can be harnessed in satiation of human quest for better and healthier living.

Hemoglobin variants, ABO and Rhesus blood groups are known to vary from one population to another... more Hemoglobin variants, ABO and Rhesus blood groups are known to vary from one population to another. This study therefore sought the frequency of these indices among a cohort of pregnant women of African descent. The result will serve as a platform for instituting genetic counselling services with a view to reducing hemoglobinopathies and hemolytic diseases of newborns. One hundred and eighty two consenting pregnant women were recruited and screened for hemoglobin variants by standard alkaline cellulose acetate electrophoresis. ABO and Rhesus blood groups were determined by the hemagglutination technique. Of the 182 pregnant women screened, those with blood group O were the most prevalent (47.8%) followed by those with blood groups B (26.4%), A (19.2%) and AB (6.6%). Rhesus D antigen was positive for 86.3% and negative for 13.7% of the study population. This study reported the predominance of blood group O over the others. The prevalence of rhesus negative pregnant women was relatively very high (13.7%) compared to results from studies of unskewed populations in Nigeria. Also women with blood group B were found to be more being Rhesus negative than the others. Four types of hemoglobin genotypes were observed in this study. The most prevalent was HbAA (65.4%) followed by HbAS (32.4%) while HbSS and HbAC occurred with the same rate in the study population (1.1%). The relatively large number of rhesus negative pregnant women calls for close monitoring of pregnant women from this area because of the risk of developing moderate to severe forms of hemolytic disease of the new born. There was a low prevalence of sickle cells disease in this population (1.1%) although the prevalence of the sickle cell trait (32.4%) was above the earlier reported reference range for Nigeria. Therefore the culture of genetic counselling must be encouraged and sustained in the general population.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Jan 30, 2023

Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology, 2012

Veterinary World, 2018

South Asian Research Journal of Natural Products, May 21, 2021

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 2018

South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology, 2018

Asian Journal of Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology, 2017

American Journal of Biological and Environmental Statistics

South Asian Research Journal of Natural Products, 2021

International Journal of Modern Pharmaceutical Research, 2021

International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS, 2021

Frontiers in Environmental Microbiology

The increasing menace of antimicrobial resistance in many pathogenic microbes has led to the sear... more The increasing menace of antimicrobial resistance in many pathogenic microbes has led to the search for long lasting remedy. The aim of this study was to examine the phytochemical and antimicrobial properties of extracts of Psidium guajava leaves against some clinical bacterial isolates. The plant leaves were extracted in three solvents namely; water, ethanol and methanol. The pathogenic bacterial isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae all isolated from urine samples. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and terpenoids in different proportions. The mean antibacterial activity of the extracts in vitro showed that the ethanolic extract was most efficacious at 25 mg concentration, inhibiting P. aeruginosa (9.50 mm), E. coli (9.00 mm), S. pneumoniae (10.50 mm) and K. pneumoniae (9.50 mm). The aqueous extract at 100 mg concentration inhibited E. coli (12.50 mm), S. aureus (14.50 mm) and S. pneumoniae (9.00 mm). This study has revealed that the leaves extract of P. guajava contains antibacterial and phytochemical substances which can be harnessed in satiation of human quest for better and healthier living.