Barbara Giovanna Bello | University of Tuscia (Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo) (original) (raw)

Articles in Peer-Reviewed Journals by Barbara Giovanna Bello

This essay aims to delve into the concepts of 'race' (more in depth) and 'ethnic community' (more... more This essay aims to delve into the concepts of 'race' (more in depth) and 'ethnic community' (more succinctly) in the Weberian thought, jointly with some relevant methodological aspects. One may concede that, in many respects, Weber was 'son' of his time but despite the criticisms moved to both notions as anachronistic to examine racial-and ethnic related issues in contemporary societies, the assumption that guides my analysis is that, many of his intuitions marked a turning point on the matter and are worth to think of the present. In particular, concerning 'race', this contribution focuses on the 'color line', whose direct observation during the trip to America seems to have strengthened his interest in investigating the social implications of 'race', as a 'sociological phenomenon' and to have moved him more clearly away from his early writings; furthermore it reveals to be relevant in discussing ethnic communities too.

Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 2023

The contribution delves into some main implications of the current soft and hard legal framework ... more The contribution delves into some main implications of the current soft and hard legal framework related to the Internet governance for tackling online hate speech, from the perspective of legal and social actors based in the European Union. Given the dynamic constellation characterised by centripetal trends towards UN-fostered international governance, Council of Europe and EU soft and hard legal instruments, co-existing with centrifugal forces of national legislations, the article explores how inter-legality may contribute tackling online hate speech in today’s fast changing and complex legal scenario. Hence, due to the lack of a universally recognised definition of hate speech and a global regulation of online communication, inter-legality may be operationalised in still unexplored places – that is, not only by judges but by lawmakers, independent authorities on communication, and even platforms.

La contribución profundiza en algunas de las principales implicaciones del actual marco jurídico vinculante y no vinculante relacionado con la gobernanza de Internet para hacer frente a la incitación al odio en línea, desde la perspectiva de los actores jurídicos y sociales con sede en la Unión Europea (UE). Dada la constelación dinámica caracterizada por las tendencias centrípetas hacia la gobernanza internacional promovida por la ONU, los instrumentos jurídicos blandos y duros del Consejo de Europa y de la UE, que coexisten con las fuerzas centrífugas de las legislaciones nacionales, el artículo explora las áreas en las que la interlegalidad puede ser fructífera para contribuir a hacer frente a la incitación al odio en línea en el cambiante y complejo escenario jurídico actual. Por lo tanto, debido a la falta de una definición universalmente reconocida de la incitación al odio y de una regulación global de la comunicación en línea, la interlegalidad puede ser operativa en lugares aún inexplorados, es decir, no sólo por los jueces, sino también por los legisladores, las autoridades independientes de comunicación e incluso las plataformas.

Fin dall'introduzione del termine nel noto saggio della giusfemminista nera Kimberlé Crenshaw Dem... more Fin dall'introduzione del termine nel noto saggio della giusfemminista nera Kimberlé Crenshaw Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics del 1989, l'intersezionalità-come concetto e quale strumento analitico-ha suscitato un acceso dibattito, condizionato anche geograficamente, all'interno di un'ampia varietà di ambiti disciplinari, interessati a mettere in luce, nei rispettivi studi, le complesse intra-azioni (Lykke 2010, 51, termine ispirato da Barard 2003, 815) tra differenti soggettività, identità, processi di strutturazione sociale, sistemi e pratiche di discriminazione, oppressione ed esclusione, così come tra soggettività ed identità, da una parte, e processi di strutturazione sociale, sistemi e pratiche di discriminazione, oppressione ed esclusione, dall'altra. Crenshaw utilizzò l'intersezionalità per muovere una critica al tradizionale ragionamento delle corti statunitensi che, imperniato sulla logica della cd. somiglianza/differenza e su un approccio di tipo monocategoriale, trascurava quando non lasciava sistematicamente fuori di tutela i diritti delle donne nere (Crenshaw 2011; MacKinnon 2016). Tuttavia, è ormai assodato che Crenshaw abbia sempre inteso

Desde que la iusfeminista negra Kimberlé Crenshaw, en "Mapping the Margins:

Call for articles “Doing intersectionality: Unexplored places” of the Journal AG About Gender. In... more Call for articles “Doing intersectionality: Unexplored places” of the Journal AG About Gender. International Journal of
Gender Studies (https://riviste.unige.it/aboutgender ), co-edit by Barbara Giovanna Bello (University of Milano), Nina Lykke (University of Linköping, Sweden and Aarhus University, Denmark), Pablo Moreno-Cruz (University Externado de Colombia), and Laura Scudieri
(University of Genua, Italy). All relevant information is included in the attached call.
Abstracts (max 150 words) should be sent by February 28, 2022 to the following email address: intersezionalita.aboutgender@gmail.com

Cosmopolis. Rivista di filosofia e teoria politica, 2021

https://www.cosmopolisonline.it/articolo.php?numero=XVII122020&id=13

Stato, Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, 2020

Accomodamenti ragionevoli basati sulla religione tra diritto antidiscriminatorio e diversity mana... more Accomodamenti ragionevoli basati sulla religione tra diritto antidiscriminatorio e diversity management * SOMMARIO: 1. Introduzione-2. Premessa teorica: la funzione di orientamento sociale del diritto-2.1. Chiarezza dei messaggi normativi (a monte)-2.2. Chiarezza dei messaggi normativi (a valle)-3. Accomodamenti ragionevoli nel diritto antidiscriminatorio dell'Unione europea-3.1. Perché manca una disposizione sugli accomodamenti ragionevoli basati su tutti i fattori?-3.2. Perché ampliare la norma sugli accomodamenti ragionevoli?-4. Dalla norma inderogabile al diversity management-5. Ripensare il diritto antidiscriminatorio e il diversity management in una prospettiva interculturale-6. Considerazioni conclusive.

DPCE Online, 2020

Celebrating the anniversary? Reflections on the European Union's anti-discrimination law twenty y... more Celebrating the anniversary? Reflections on the European Union's anti-discrimination law twenty years after its enactment-In 2000, the "new" European Union's anti-discrimination law was adopted launching a new phase of protection from discrimination. Firstly, this contribution aims to reconstruct the origins of this body of legislation, as well as to describe its major innovations. Secondly, starting with the analysis of the recently published volume "Anti-Discrimination Law in Civil Law Jurisdictions" edited by Barbara Havelková and Mathias Möschel, the paper critically reflects on the implementation and effectiveness of this legislation. It requires a theoretical framework that combines the well-known distinction between the internal and external legal culture with the evaluation of the law effects "from below".

Although public policy evaluation, program evaluation and legislative evaluation have often run p... more Although public policy evaluation, program evaluation and legislative evaluation have often run parallel,
they share some common concerns, such as – in a world where evaluation is supposed to influence policy
and law makers – questions of social justice and democracy (including equal participation) in the
evaluation process, as well as of establishing what kind of rule people are more likely to follow. Without
claim of completeness, this introductory note describes some paradigms and approaches emerged in the
field of evaluation, while in the last paragraph it provides an overview of the contributions to the
monographic part on Contemporary and multidisciplinary perspectives on law and policy evaluation.

Jura Gentium, 2017

This essay delves into male violence against Roma women who live in the “camps” in Italy through ... more This essay delves into male violence against Roma women who live in the “camps” in Italy through the lens of human security. It suggests that the inclusion of “camps” — as places of social exclusion and, at the same time, social relations — in the analysis of male violence against Roma women helps to unveil the conditions of human insecurities in Roma women’s lives, which might prevent laws and policies tackling violence against women from achieving their goals.

Ragion Pratica, 2019

Critical reflections on the Italian criminal law against hate speech within the multi-level syste... more Critical reflections on the Italian criminal law against hate speech within the multi-level
system from the perspective of the paradigm of the social working of law
This contribution aims at critically reflecting on the content and effectiveness of the
Italian criminal legislation against certain cases of hate speech, which are punished by
the Italian criminal law by applying the aggravating circumstance provided for by art.
604-ter of the Italian Criminal Code (before it, by article 3 of Law 205/93) to insult
(until its decriminalisation in 2016), defamation and threat. On the one side, in Italy it
has been noted that a progressive erosion of the offenses subject to criminal sanctions,
less harsh criminal sanctions and a low rate of judicial application of the aggravated
circumstance in these cases of hate speech have occurred; on the other side, an extensive
interpretation of the antidiscrimination law by civil courts and a greater engagement of
such social actors as organisations in monitoring and denouncing cases of hate speech
have taken place in most recent years. An analysis of the legislation within the paradigm
of the “social working of law”, elaborated by John Griffiths, leads to the conclusion that
the criminal law against hate speech exerts special and general effects, rather than merely
symbolic effects at the shop floor.
Keywords: Hate speech – Aggravating circumstance ex art. 604-ter Criminal Code – legal
effectiveness – social actors.

Sociologia del Diritto, 2019

The “other” youth between inclusion and exclusion: a socio-legal look at Roma second generations.... more The “other” youth between inclusion and exclusion: a socio-legal look at Roma second generations.** This essay will focus on the social exclusion of Roma second generations living in the “camps” in today’s Italy. Based on Nancy Fraser’s conceptualization of social exclusion as a matter of social injustice, which is defined by three dimensions (recognition, distribution and political participation), this article suggests that Italian law, policies and practices have particularly prevented Roma second generations from participating in society on equal foot with their peers. However, for some of them informal political participation
has represented a site of resistance from where to start to raise awareness on the need to foster their social inclusion.
[Roma youth – Camps – Social exclusion – Informal political participation – Nancy Fraser]

A partire dalla recente pubblicazione di due numeri monografici sul tema dell'intersezionalità pr... more A partire dalla recente pubblicazione di due numeri monografici sul tema dell'intersezionalità presso Rassegna Italiana di Sociologia e Sociologia del Diritto, l'incontro intende discutere delle molteplici interpretazioni del tema dell'intersezionalità e della sua più recente ricezione ed elaborazione nel nostro paese.

Taking as a reference the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence again... more Taking as a reference the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, this article discusses the trend towards the criminalisation of forced marriages in the European scenario and its pitfalls. It suggests to consider the manifest and latent functions of this practice and of legal responses to them in Western multicultural societies. The general cautions that guide the analysis is to explore other pathways from criminal law protection against forced marriages.

Contribution to the Special Issue Barbara Giovanna Bello, From “books” to “action”: Has protectio... more Contribution to the Special Issue
Barbara Giovanna Bello, From “books” to “action”: Has protection from discrimination become intersectional in Italy?

[Implicit and explicit intersectionality — Antidiscrimination law — Case-law — Implementation — Research]

The aim of this article is to examine the extent to which intersec-tionality has been addressed in different domains in Italy: the anti-discrimination legislation; the case-law; the implementation of non-discrimination principle by equality bodies and through policy strate-gies (e.g., national action plans); civil society; and scholarly literature explicitly addressing intersectionality. Although legal texts, case-law and the implementation of anti-discrimination measures don’t explic-itly refer to intersectionality, the analysis shows that the premises have been coming into being to apply law and policy “intersectional-ly”.

Barbara Giovanna Bello, Dai “testi” all’“azione”: la tutela antidiscriminatoria è diventata intersezionale in Italia?

[Intersezionalità implicita e esplicita — Diritto antidiscriminatorio — Giurispruden-za — Implementazione — Ricerca]

Questo contributo descrive come l’intersezionalità è stata affrontata in vari ambiti in Italia: la legislazione antidiscriminatoria, la giurisprudenza, l’implementazione del principio di non discriminazione da parte di equality bodies e attraverso strategie di policy (come i piani d’azione nazionali), la società civile e, infine, la letteratura scientifica che si è occupata in modo esplicito di intersezionali-tà. L’analisi mostra che, sebbene nella giurisprudenza e nell’implementazione delle politiche anti-discriminatorie non si faccia riferimento esplicito all’intersezionalità, stanno sorgendo i presupposti per un’applicazione intersezionale del diritto e delle politiche.

Diritto e genere visti dal margine: spunti per un dibattito sull'approccio intersezionale al diri... more Diritto e genere visti dal margine: spunti per un dibattito sull'approccio intersezionale al diritto antidiscriminatorio in Italia Law and gender at the margins: A starting point for the debate over the intersectional approach to anti-discrimination law in Italy ABSTRACT Il diritto antidiscriminatorio tende a concepire l'identità delle donne e le loro esperienze di discriminazione come monoliti a sé stanti, prendendo in considerazione una categoria dell'identità alla volta. L'intersezionalità è diventata un concetto predominante nella ricerca sull'identità e sulle differenze e molti studi sono prosperati quasi ovunque per far sì che questo approccio sia al servizio del diritto. Prendendo ispirazione dai contributi di Crenshaw, McCall e Matsuda, questo articolo suggeirsce di portare l'intersezionalità dal margine al centro del diritto (e del diritto antidiscriminatorio in particolare), per realizzare un'efficace attuazione del principio di eguaglianza sostanziale e assicurare una piena tutela a tutte le donne. Anti-discrimination law tends to conceive women's identities and their experiences of discrimination as independent monoliths, taking into consideration one category of identity at a time. Intersectionality has become a predominant concept in research on identity and differences, and numerous studies have been carried almost everywhere to make this approach suite the law. Drawing inspiration from the contributions of Crenshaw, McCall and Matsuda, this article proposes to move intersectionality from the margins of law (of antidiscrimination law in particular) to the center, in order to achieve an effective implementation of substantive equality while providing a full protection to all women.

Chapters in Edited Books by Barbara Giovanna Bello

Italian Youth in International Context: Belonging, Constraints and Opportunities, 2020

Italian Youth in International Context Belonging, Constraints and Opportunities, 2020

Abstract of the whole book About the Book "This book explores changes in security governance in ... more Abstract of the whole book
About the Book

"This book explores changes in security governance in Europe from the 1990s, focusing on some of the most important consequences: the proliferation of ignored insecurities, including the increase of oncological diseases, environmental disasters, shadow economies reproducing neo-slavery and fiscal fraud, and the general damage to the res publica. What is the articulation of removal, reclamation and consequently the implementation of devices and the establishing of prevention practices? Why are the majority of victims and also the control agency professionals seemingly resigned to these ignored insecurities? Following more than 20 years of research in the area, the authors examine these questions and how the securitisation of society has been exacerbated. They argue that the primary cause of the increase in ignored insecurities is the consequence of the neoliberal turn in security governance. This book proposes an innovative approach to security governance, not only through a serious analysis of the balance of the costs and benefits, but also highlighting what is here termed `ignored insecurities'. The authors propose a review of the problems, showing that the governance of security is a crucial element of the contemporary political organisation of society".
The Editor

Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 2023

Desde que la iusfeminista negra Kimberlé Crenshaw, en "Mapping the Margins:

Cosmopolis. Rivista di filosofia e teoria politica, 2021

https://www.cosmopolisonline.it/articolo.php?numero=XVII122020&id=13

Stato, Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, 2020

DPCE Online, 2020

Jura Gentium, 2017

Ragion Pratica, 2019

Sociologia del Diritto, 2019

[Implicit and explicit intersectionality — Antidiscrimination law — Case-law — Implementation — Research]

Barbara Giovanna Bello, Dai “testi” all’“azione”: la tutela antidiscriminatoria è diventata intersezionale in Italia?

[Intersezionalità implicita e esplicita — Diritto antidiscriminatorio — Giurispruden-za — Implementazione — Ricerca]

Italian Youth in International Context: Belonging, Constraints and Opportunities, 2020

Italian Youth in International Context Belonging, Constraints and Opportunities, 2020

Abstract of the whole book About the Book "This book explores changes in security governance in ... more Abstract of the whole book
About the Book

Dossier Statistico Immigrazione

La dimensione femminile dell'immigrazione in Italia’, in Centro Studi e Ricerche IDOS (Ed.), Doss... more La dimensione femminile dell'immigrazione in Italia’, in Centro Studi e Ricerche IDOS (Ed.), Dossier Statistico Immigrazione, 2015.

Dossier Statistico Immigrazione

Seconde generazioni' è il termine usato per riferirsi a giovani 'stranieri', cresciuti (e, di reg... more Seconde generazioni' è il termine usato per riferirsi a giovani 'stranieri', cresciuti (e, di regola, anche nati) in Italia. La declinazione al plurale di questa espressione tenta di rendere l'eterogeneità di biografie e traiettorie, prima ancora che di status giuridico, in essa racchiuse. Nell'accezione allargata rientrano minori che raggiungono il territorio italiano insieme ai propri genitori (profughi o migranti economici); minori ricongiunti; minori nati in Italia da genitori stranieri; minori non accompagnati; minori arrivati per adozione internazionale (M. Ambrosini, 2004. In: M. Ambrosini e S. Molina (a cura di), Seconde generazioni. Un'introduzione al futuro dell'immigrazione in Italia, Fondazione Giovanni Agnelli). I diritti di molti di questi giovani e le loro reali opportunità di partecipare alla vita della società italiana si giocano, prima di tutto, sul filo dell'accesso al permesso di soggiorno e alla cittadinanza italiana. In entrambi questi casi, il compimento dei diciotto anni segna un momento di passaggio che reca con sé cambiamenti e incertezze.

Multiculturalisms: Different Meanings and Perspectives of Multiculturalism in a Global World

Introduzione 1. Note sull'autrice 2. La struttura del testo 3. La traduzione del titolo 4. Il que... more Introduzione 1. Note sull'autrice 2. La struttura del testo 3. La traduzione del titolo 4. Il quesito. Femminismo e multiculturalismo nel pensiero di Susan Moller Okin: il multiculturalismo danneggia le donne? 5. Le risposte 6. Replica e conclusioni Ma come possiamo essere liberi di guardare e studiare quando le nostre menti dalla nascita alla morte sono regolate da una cultura particolare nel limitato modello del nostro Io? Da secoli siamo condizionati da nazionalità, casta, ceto, tradizione, religione, lingua, educazione, letteratura, arte, costumi, consuetudini, propaganda di ogni tipo, pressioni economiche, dal cibo che mangiamo, dal clima in cui viviamo, dalla nostra famiglia, i nostri amici, le nostre esperienze-ogni forma di influenza che vi viene in mente -e di conseguenza le nostre reazioni a ogni problema sono condizionate. Siete consapevoli di essere condizionati? (Krishnamurti)

Treccani.it (Lingua italiana) Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 6 ottobre 2020, 2020

Azione non violenta, 2020

FRA carried out research into how " multiple " discrimination is legally addressed and examines r... more FRA carried out research into how " multiple " discrimination is legally addressed and examines relevant case law with a special focus on health care. It explored health-care users' and professionals' views and experiences on how people of different gender, age, disability and ethnic origin experience discrimination and multiple discrimination when accessing the health system in Austria, the Czech Republic, Italy, Sweden and the United Kingdom. In the research, young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 with a migrant/ethnic background were interviewed. The young adults also had intel lectual disabilities and had various health problems and physical and sensory disabilities. Do you think multiple discrimination should be considered in youth policy making? Why? How? Yes, policy makers should particularly address youth when shaping polices as young people can be especially vulnerable to multiple discrimination in health care. This can be due to limited access to health services, including routine medical treatments, which in turn can lead to health inequalities especially for those people with disabilities. In addition, young women with a migrant or ethnic minority background can be at risk of multiple discrimination when it comes to sexual and reproductive care.

In der Jugendarbeit in Europa zeich-net sich ein Trend ab, der die Komple-xität und die »intersek... more In der Jugendarbeit in Europa zeich-net sich ein Trend ab, der die Komple-xität und die »intersektionelle« Dimension der Identität junger Menschen und den Effekt

Roma and Traveller Inclusion in Europe. Green questions and answers

Discriminazioni multiple e intersezionalità: queste sconosciute! Introduzione Il concetti di disc... more Discriminazioni multiple e intersezionalità: queste sconosciute! Introduzione Il concetti di discriminazione multipla e intersezionalità stanno faticando a permeare la cultura giuridica italiana. Benché un numero crescente di studiosi e studiose -spesso dopo periodi di formazione all'estero o all'interno di progetti di ricerca europei -ne faccia applicazione nell'ambito delle scienze sociali e politiche, essi restano ancora poco conosciuti e, quindi, poco adoperati nella tutela giuridica dei diritti. In prima approssimazione con il termine 'discriminazione multipla' (in senso ampio) ci si riferisce a quei casi in cui una persona è discriminata in base a due o più fattori discriminatori. L'elaborazione dottrinale e, in misura molto minore, l'interpretazione giurisprudenziale hanno contribuito ad articolare questa ampia accezione in almeno tre fattispecie astratte (discriminazioni multiple 'ordinarie', additive e intersezionali, si veda par.2) per indicare diversi modi in cui le discriminazioni multiple possono aver luogo. Perché può essere utile per il giurista occuparsi di discriminazioni multiple? Perché l'identità, come la vita, è complessa e non si presta sempre ad essere spiegata e protetta dal punto di vista di un singolo fattore discriminatorio alla volta (ad. es. solo in base all'etnia o alla religione o al genere e così via). Contrastare le discriminazioni multiple diventa, quindi, una necessità per realizzare una maggiore eguaglianza sostanziale delle persone. Tuttavia, il diritto (e il diritto antidiscriminatorio non fa eccezione) è spesso costruito e applicato in modo rigido e settoriale, tale da considerare i vari fattori discriminatori come se fossero comparti stagni o rette parallele destinate a non incontrarsi mai nelle fattispecie concrete che riguardano i singoli individui. La dottrina che ha approfondito discriminazioni multiple e di intersezionalità riconosce la difficoltà di tradurre questi concetti in termini operativi e pratici. Eppure questi concetti affondano le proprie radici proprio nel terreno del diritto (di common law) e dell'attivismo nordamericano. Non sorprende che la sensibilità per il contrasto delle discriminazioni multiple si sia sviluppata nel contesto sociale e giuridico statunitense già tra la fine degli anni Settanta e la fine degli anni Ottanta, quando emerse chiaramente che né il diritto, né i movimenti per i diritti civili riuscivano a tener conto delle esperienze di discriminazione e violenza vissute dalle donne Black: i movimenti femministi, infatti, davano voce principalmente alle istanze delle donne bianche (istruite, di classe media, eterosessuali, etc.), mentre i movimenti per i diritti delle persone Black erano rappresentati prevalentemente da uomini. In occasione delle Conferenze mondiali dell'ONU di Pechino nel 1995 e di Durban nel 2001, dei relativi incontri preparatori e dei documenti prodotti a seguito di questi eventi, 1 il dibattito sulle discriminazioni multiple ha avuto un'ampia diffusione anche in Europa tra organizzazioni non governative, attivisti, studiosi e rappresentanti delle istituzioni . L'adozione delle direttive antidiscriminazione dell'Unione europea 'di nuova generazione' (par. 3) e il loro recepimento a livello nazionale, l'emanazione di una serie di documenti di soft law (par. 3), insieme a un'accresciuta consapevolezza della diversità e complessità delle biografie delle 1 Conclusioni del Consiglio sulla Conferenza mondiale contro il razzismo, la discriminazione razziale, la xenofobia e l'intolleranza ad esse connesse del 16.07.2001, in cui si chiede "un maggiore attenzione al cosiddetto razzismo multiplo, cioè il caso in cui una persona appartiene a più categorie discriminate, come rom, le donne, le persone disabili", citato anche in

Intersectionality, Society and Law

Alcune parole su VoiceIt… Una governance democratica sostenibile richiede che tutte le persone pa... more Alcune parole su VoiceIt… Una governance democratica sostenibile richiede che tutte le persone partecipino ai processi politici e rappresentino le loro opinioni, valori, interessi e preoccupazioni, indipendentemente dalla loro età, identità di genere, orientamento sessuale, capacità, gruppo d'appartenenza, cultura e origine etnica o religiosa. Il progetto europeo VoiceIt mira ad aumentare la partecipazione e il coinvolgimento diretto delle persone LGBTIQ+ nel processo decisionale politico. Gli obiettivi di VoiceIt sono: • Contribuire all'inclusione delle persone LGBTIQ+ nei processi decisionali politici • Contribuire alla creazione di una visione condivisa riguardante l'inclusione delle persone LGBTIQ+ in politica • Accrescere la partecipazione delle persone LGBTIQ+ al processo decisionale politico • Rafforzare le reti nazionali e internazionali delle persone LGBTIQ+ interessate a partecipare al processo decisionale politico • Aumentare la consapevolezza dei partiti e degli organi politici riguardo all'importanza di promuovere la parità di genere con un focus particolare sulle persone LGBTIQ+. In che modo VoiceIt avrà successo? • Redigendo report nazionali volti a sconfiggere da un lato i luoghi comuni e dall'altro a evidenziare i bisogni contenuti nei diritti LGBTIQ+. • Istituendo gruppi di lavoro prioritari volti a creare una visione condivisa riguardo il futuro dei diritti LGBTIQ+. • Sviluppando un programma informativo sui diritti LGBTIQ+ rivolto alla società civile, agli ufficiali statali e governativi e alle rappresentanze delle istituzioni politiche. • Sviluppando un programma di empowerment sui diritti LGBTIQ+ rivolto alle persone LGBTIQ+, alle persone impegnate nella promozione dei diritti LGBTIQ+ e altre professioni rilevanti • Organizzando seminari per l'empowerment e l'informazione riguardante i diritti LGBTIQ+ • Organizzando attività di empowerment per le parti interessate. Prendi parte a VoiceIt… • Se sei parte della società civile, degli ufficiali statali/governativi o della rappresentanza di una istituzione politica, segui gli aggiornamenti per i nostri seminari informativi sui diritti LGBTIQ+ • Se sei parte della comunità LGBTIQ+ o fai parte di una associazione LGBTIQ+, contattaci per prendere parte ai nostri seminari di empowerment sui diritti LGBTIQ+ • Tutte le parti interessate possono partecipare alle nostre attività di empowerment (dibattiti, workshop sull'attivismo e sull'attivismo LGBTIQ+, workshop sulle arti e la tecnologia). Il contenuto di questo sito Web rappresenta solo le opinioni dell'autore ed è sua unica responsabilità. La Commissione europea non si assume alcuna responsabilità per l'uso che può essere fatto delle informazioni in essa contenute.

Italian Youth in Context. An analysis through multiple dimensions, 2020

Italy is not a country for young people. This book provides a unique and in depth collection of e... more Italy is not a country for young people. This book provides a unique and in depth collection of empirical and theoretical material that leads to this preposition, investigating the living conditions of young people in today’s Italy. We aim to discuss the categories commonly used to depict youth in Italy, whilst taking into account the multifaceted and complex reality in which they have to cope in the present, as well as imagine and plan their future. In particular, the volume considers the coexistence of specific characteristics of the Italian scenario and more recent trends characterizing late capitalist societies. Amongst others, these include the compelling spread of neoliberal-inspired regulations, the impoverishment of the middle classes and heightening conditions of vulnerability and uncertainty. Through this book, we aim to disentangle the impact of global trends on Italian youth and discuss the specific configurations that are produced within this context.
Within the existing international research on Italian youth, contributions have been published by prominent Italian scholars mostly in articles and edited volumes.
The themes that have been addressed relate to specific aspects of youth, from culture (for instance, see Varriale, 2016) to political cultures (Mammone and Veltri, 2010; Cento Bull, 2000; Garau, 2015) or school-to-work transitions (Pastore, 2017) and youth unemployment (Leonardi and Pica, 2015). However, to date there has been no single edited collection targeting Italian youth per se. In addition, the Italian case tends to feature extensively within comparative research, in contrast to other countries, perhaps increasingly so due to the more collaborative projects being pursued across Europe in recent years. Yet, we strongly believe that a specific focus on the multiple aspects of the conditions faced by young Italians is an important add-on to the existing international scholarships in the field.
In order to complete such a project, we invited authors to embed debates regarding young people in Italy within the international literature, with the aim of offering a precise account of the internal mechanisms that have so far seldom circulated outside Italy. The result is a composite and unprecedented collection, in terms of issues covered, methods and theories used. To account for our approach, the structure of this introductory chapter is threefold: first, we introduce the rationale of this book project, its ambitions, and whence it derives, discussing the main issues that guided us in composing the collection and in developing the main analytical frame of reference. Second, we describe the book’s tri-partite structure. In doing so, we present the structural contexts in which youth in Italy live and act and how they resonate – and differ – from other cases in Europe. Third, we present our overarching interpretations of the youth condition in Italy that emerged through the chapters and propose a debate that goes beyond the national boundaries. Although this interpretation is emerging from an insider’s perspective, we are confident that it will link to international debates in a structured way.

Le trasformazioni sociali che derivano dalla nuova realtà digitale costituiscono occasioni propiz... more Le trasformazioni sociali che derivano dalla nuova realtà digitale costituiscono occasioni propizie per riflettere su alcuni aspetti fondamentali della teoria giuridica, nonché sull’effettività dei diritti e sulla necessità di aggiornarne l’elenco e l’applicazione in chiave contemporanea.

In particolare, il volume tratteggia un itinerario volto a indagare le tutele dei diritti (tra cui il diritto alla libertà di espressione), la protezione contro il discorso d’odio e le discriminazioni (ovunque avvengano) e la dimensione partecipativa della rete, a partire dalla configurabilità del cruciale diritto di accesso universale a Internet.

Senza quest’ultimo a vari segmenti della popolazione è precluso l’esercizio della “piena cittadinanza”.

Si tratta, dunque, di fare i conti con luci e ombre degli effetti della tecnologia: se, da un lato, essa può determinare la promozione della “giustizia sociale”, dall’altro, può trasfigurarla in “ingiustizie” anche molto profonde.

Dal Margine al centro? I giovani tra diritto e pratiche sociali, 2021

Il volume si propone di ripensare le relazioni tra giovani, diritto e pratiche sociali a partire ... more Il volume si propone di ripensare le relazioni tra giovani, diritto e pratiche sociali a partire dalle acquisizioni delle teorie critiche del diritto e del campo interdisciplinare degli Youth Studies, consolidatosi dagli anni Settanta del secolo scorso in vari Paesi.
In tale prospettiva, il fine è quello di delineare una possibile critica giovanile del diritto – che porti i giovani dal margine al centro del diritto e della riflessione giusfilosofica e sociologico-giuridica.
Il percorso si snoda principalmente attraverso l’analisi dei più significativi documenti internazionali e sovranazionali non vincolanti espressamente dedicati alla gioventù e volti a orientare gli Stati nell’attuazione di politiche che la riguardano, prestando particolare attenzione allo spazio di voce dei giovani nei processi decisionali, nonché alla tutela dei diritti promossa da tali documenti.
La riflessione si conclude con la proposta di una “Convenzione internazionale sui diritti dei giovani” quale insieme di indirizzi e strumenti per l’affermazione della loro autonomia e uguaglianza.

Italian Youth in International Context Belonging, Constraints and Opportunities (Edited by Valentina Cuzzocrea, Barbara Giovanna Bello, Yuri Kazepov), 2020

By bringing together a variety of approaches and methods, the authors of this collection analyze Italian youth through the lenses of three dimensions: ‘Activism, participation and citizenship’, ‘Work, Employment and Careers’ and ‘Moves, Transitions and Representations’. These dimensions are the analytical building blocks for challenging stereotypes and unveiling misinterpretations and taken-for-granted assumptions that portray young people in Italy as selfish, ‘choosy’, and unwilling to make sacrifices, commit and manage an independent life. These prejudices often underplay the role of constraints they are facing in the transition to adulthood.

Studying Italian youth, therefore, not only allows us to capture their peculiar characteristics but also to reflect more broadly on the conceptual toolbox we need in order to understand contemporary youth more generally. By doing so, the volume aims to contribute to international discussion on the youth condition in Europe.

Since the introduction of the term by Kimberlé W. Crenshaw in 1989, intersectionality has become ... more Since the introduction of the term by Kimberlé W. Crenshaw in 1989, intersectionality has become an increasingly widespread perspective for addressing such issues as identity, difference, diversity and equality in contemporary contexts.
The law should respond to ever new, complex and “unforeseen” instances: intersectionality offers tools to the various social actors to get engaged in fruitful analyses of social and legal changes, undertake new epistemological discourses and promote human beings’ full legal protection.
The book aims to describe intersectionality’s implications in the study of law and society, presents the state of the art of its integration into the supranational and national anti-discrimination protection and finally explores the practices followed by legal operators and associations advocating for marginalized people’s rights, by highlighting the dialogue between the different levels of today’s legal culture and experience.

L'intersezionalità, a trent'anni dall'introduzione del termine da parte di Kimberlé W. Crenshaw nel 1989, è divenuta una prospettiva sempre più diffusa per affrontare temi come l'identità e la differenza, la diversità e l'uguaglianza nei contesti contemporanei.
Il diritto è chiamato a rispondere a istanze sempre nuove, complesse e "impreviste": l'intersezionalità offre strumenti ai diversi attori sociali per operare fruttuose analisi dei mutamenti sociali e giuridici, intraprendere nuovi discorsi epistemologici e promuovere una piena tutela giuridica.
Il volume mira a descriverne le implicazioni nello studio della società e del diritto, presenta lo stato dell'arte della sua integrazione all'interno della tutela antidiscriminatoria sovranazionale e nazionale ed esplora, infine, le pratiche seguite dagli operatori giuridici e dalle associazioni impegnate nell'affermazione dei diritti, evidenziando il dialogo tra i diversi livelli dell'odierna cultura ed esperienza giuridica.

Between insecurity and hope. Reflections on youth work with young refugees, 2018

This Youth Knowledge book presents theoretical references and reflections on the experiences of y... more This Youth Knowledge book presents theoretical references and reflections on the experiences of young refugees and the way they reconcile personal hope with the tensions within their host societies. It also explores learning from practices and their theoretical underpinnings concerning the role of youth work in a cross-sectoral approach. This book aims to be a reference for policy makers, practitioners and researchers in the youth field and stakeholders from other sectors working on inclusion, access to rights and the participation of young refugees.

All the contributors propose a very critical engagement with the reality of young refugees in today’s Europe, where tolerance levels for negative phenomena, such as human rights violations, hate speech and discrimination, are on the rise. However, there is also an underlying message of hope for those willing to engage in a human rights-based youth work practice that ensures safe spaces for being young, no matter who, no matter where. Practices and reflections deal with democracy, activism, participation, formal and non-formal education and learning, employment, trauma, “waitinghood” and negotiating identities.

We hope this book as a whole, and each individual contribution, will inspire youth policy makers and practitioners to take on board the complex realities of unfinished transitions and borderland experiences and create a positive environment for an enriched and transformed youth work for the inclusion of young refugees in their host communities.

Italian Youth in International Context, 2020

Italy is not a country for young people. Why? This book provides a unique and in-depth collection... more Italy is not a country for young people. Why? This book provides a unique and in-depth collection of empirical and theoretical material providing multiple answers to this question whilst investigating the living conditions of young people in Italy today. By bringing together a variety of approaches and methods, the authors of this collection analyze Italian youth through the lenses of three dimensions: 'Activism, Participation and Citizenship', 'Work, Employment and Careers' and 'Moves, Transitions and Representations'. These dimensions are the analytical building blocks for challenging stereotypes and unveiling misinterpretations and taken-for-granted assumptions that portray young people in Italy as selfish, 'choosy', and unwilling to make sacrifices, commit and manage an independent life. These prejudices often underplay the role of constraints they are facing in the transition to adulthood. Studying Italian youth, therefore, not only allows us to capture their peculiar characteristics but also to reflect more broadly on the conceptual toolbox we need in order to understand contemporary youth more generally. By doing so, the volume aims to contribute to international discussion on the youth condition in Europe.

Taking as a reference the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence again... more Taking as a reference the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women and domestic violence, this article discusses the trend towards the criminalisation of forced marriages in the European scenario and its \ua0pitfalls. It suggests to consider the manifest and latent functions of this practice and of legal responses to them in Western multicultural societies. The general cautions that guide the analysis is to explore other pathways from criminal law protection against forced marriages

Italian Youth in International Context, 2020

Journal of Modern Italian Studies, 2018

Doing Intersectionality in Explored and Unexplored Places, 2022

SOCIOLOGIA DEL DIRITTO, 2016

Copyright © FrancoAngeli N.B: Copia ad uso personale. È vietata la riproduzione (totale o parzial... more Copyright © FrancoAngeli N.B: Copia ad uso personale. È vietata la riproduzione (totale o parziale) dell'opera con qualsiasi mezzo effettuata e la sua messa a disposizione di terzi, sia in forma gratuita sia a pagamento. 12 nation cases, respectively. I was keen to find some way of framing the contradictory and compounded nature of this dilemma. Intersectionality became the name for that prism. The 1989 article entitled Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex in Anti-discrimination Law: A Black Feminist Critique [henceforward Demarginalizing, editors' note] featured traffic intersections-among other metaphors-as a way of conceptualizing the interactive dimensions of racism and sexism in the context of employment that some courts rendered legally inconsequential. These interactive dimensions created material conditions that were typically overlooked by judges and advocates alike. Plaintiffs like Emma DeGraffenreid has challenged employment regimes that stratified the workforce in terms of race and gender, but only by combining two causes of action could the plaintiffs prevail. Their arguments were repudiated based on the questionable assertion that Congress had not intended for Black women to combine race and gender claims. The particular risks of being subject to both dynamics were marginalized by courts. These dynamics were also apparent within dominant conceptions of antiracism and feminism. The circumstances that drove the lawsuits discussed in Demarginalizing, courts' repudiation of Black women's claims altogether, constituted the condition that intersectionality sought to disrupt. Beyond the specific doctrinal problems that I hoped to address with intersectionality were the institutional and social dimensions of race and gender discourses that shaped that the temporal context. I have written elsewhere that intersectionality was a lived reality before it became a word, but that lived reality refers not only to the dynamics of race and gender that prompted these Black women to seek legal redress. More broadly, the institutional context that gave rise to the metaphor shaped my intellectual repertoire during a sharply discordant period in the political and legal culture in the United States. The metaphor served not only to frame the vulnerability of Black women to discrimination and erasure, but also mapped the ways that Black women were marginalized within several discursive projects. Each of these discourses-antiracism, feminism, and critical legal perspectives on lawgenerated distinctive ways of capturing social disempowerment. Each was in some way lacking in terms of their engagement with Black women as legal subjects, yet at the same time, when articulated together, they helped to sustain a prisms that could address the particular questions that Demarginalizing addressed. My intellectual foundation was in Africana Studies-a field of Black Studies that foregrounded the structural dimensions of racial power. This emphasis was in tension with the singular focus on individual-level preju-Copyright © FrancoAngeli N.B: Copia ad uso personale. È vietata la riproduzione (totale o parziale) dell'opera con qualsiasi mezzo effettuata e la sua messa a disposizione di terzi, sia in forma gratuita sia a pagamento. Copyright © FrancoAngeli N.B: Copia ad uso personale. È vietata la riproduzione (totale o parziale) dell'opera con qualsiasi mezzo effettuata e la sua messa a disposizione di terzi, sia in forma gratuita sia a pagamento.

Lello, E. Young people and politics in Italy in times of populism. In Bello, B.G., Cuzzocrea, V. e Kazepov, Y. (eds.) Italian Youth in International Context. Belonging, Constraints and Opportunities, London: Routledge: 23-40., 2020

The chapter aims at exploring young Italians’ attitudes, images and expectations towards politics... more The chapter aims at exploring young Italians’ attitudes, images and expectations towards politics mainly through quantitative data (recent surveys carried out by Demos and LaPolis - Univ. of Urbino) but also through some interesting findings developed from qualitative research. The qualitative part of the research is based on 109 semi-structured interviews which have involved youth aged between 18 and 30 and have been carried out between 2008 and o 2016 (the aim has been to include as much heterogeneity as possible in terms of gender, geographical provenience, social and economic background, d degree of education. Evidence based on these data leads us to identify, on the one side, a significant difference between young peoples’ opinions and orientations from the ones shown by adults and even by young-adults. On the other hand, a certain degree of coherence can be traced between young Italians’ perceptions, expectations and behaviors linked to the sphere of politics. It is possible, in other words, to recognize a kind of fil rouge linked to the broader social, political and cultural processes which have marked the period when young Italians of our days have lived (and still are living) the formative phases of their personalities. The period beginning from the half of the nineties appears distinctive, since it is from that time-point that relevant and broad processes of social, economic and political change brought about an unprecedented deconstruction of security and a consequent spreading of uncertainty (Bauman 1999, Beck 1999, Boltanski and Chiapello 1999) together with new kinds of employment contracts and lifestyles, ending up in the spreading of pessimistic attitudes towards the future (Benasayag and Schmit 2003). The fil rouge linking young Italians’ perceptions and attitudes towards politics becomes thus more deeply understandable in the light of those broader changes, which affected young people’s personalities and their capacity to imagine the society’s - together with their own - future. The capacity to imagine and to aspire - according to the elaboration by Appadurai (2004) and, in Italy, by de Leonardis and Deriu (2012) - emerges as a crucial element in order to understand young Italians’ relationship to politics. In fact, their image of politics looks like deprived of the ambition to produce any significant changes, and to aspire to any social scenario which may be different – in a relevant degree – from the status quo. In this sense, I argue that a technocratic kind of politics seems to emerge Evidence shows that young people have little trust in their capacity to influence political decisions, but they also look persuaded that politics itself cannot achieve any relevant changes: it has to content itself with little, fragmented, discrete adjustments. In this perspective, the differences between political identities and cultures tend to loose significance, and this looks consistent with their demand for a strong simplification of the political and the party systems aimed at nurturing governability (instead of representation or inclusion) and decisional and executive quickness together with concreteness. They stand in favor of a strict non-ideological approach where the fundamental criteria for evaluating political action are technical competence and honesty, while other aspects (such as the breadth of political action and its capacity to achieve change) tend to move to the background, or to eclipse. In this sense it is a ‘minimalist’ kind of politics: that is, a kind of politics which reduces itself to the management of the status quo, where the only noteworthy criteria seem to be honesty and effectiveness, and therefore saving time and money.

Elisa Lello, Youth and politics in Italy in times of populism, in Bello, B.G., Cuzzocrea, V. e Kazepov, Y. (a cura di) Italian Youth in International Context. Belonging, Constraints and Opportunities, London: Routledge., 2020

The chapter aims at exploring young Italians’ attitudes, images and expectations towards politics... more The chapter aims at exploring young Italians’ attitudes, images and expectations towards politics mainly through quantitative data (recent surveys carried out by Demos and LaPolis - Univ. of Urbino) but also through some interesting findings developed from qualitative research. The qualitative part of the research is based on 109 semi-structured interviews which have involved youth aged between 18 and 30 and have been carried out between 2008 and o 2016 (the aim has been to include as much heterogeneity as possible in terms of gender, geographical provenience, social and economic background, d degree of education.
Evidence based on these data leads us to identify, on the one side, a significant difference between young peoples’ opinions and orientations from the ones shown by adults and even by young-adults. On the other hand, a certain degree of coherence can be traced between young Italians’ perceptions, expectations and behaviors linked to the sphere of politics. It is possible, in other words, to recognize a kind of fil rouge linked to the broader social, political and cultural processes which have marked the period when young Italians of our days have lived (and still are living) the formative phases of their personalities. The period beginning from the half of the nineties appears distinctive, since it is from that time-point that relevant and broad processes of social, economic and political change brought about an unprecedented deconstruction of security and a consequent spreading of uncertainty (Bauman 1999, Beck 1999, Boltanski and Chiapello 1999) together with new kinds of employment contracts and lifestyles, ending up in the spreading of pessimistic attitudes towards the future (Benasayag and Schmit 2003).
The fil rouge linking young Italians’ perceptions and attitudes towards politics becomes thus more deeply understandable in the light of those broader changes, which affected young people’s personalities and their capacity to imagine the society’s - together with their own - future. The capacity to imagine and to aspire - according to the elaboration by Appadurai (2004) and, in Italy, by de Leonardis and Deriu (2012) - emerges as a crucial element in order to understand young Italians’ relationship to politics. In fact, their image of politics looks like deprived of the ambition to produce any significant changes, and to aspire to any social scenario which may be different – in a relevant degree – from the status quo.
In this sense, I argue that a technocratic kind of politics seems to emerge Evidence shows that young people have little trust in their capacity to influence political decisions, but they also look persuaded that politics itself cannot achieve any relevant changes: it has to content itself with little, fragmented, discrete adjustments. In this perspective, the differences between political identities and cultures tend to loose significance, and this looks consistent with their demand for a strong simplification of the political and the party systems aimed at nurturing governability (instead of representation or inclusion) and decisional and executive quickness together with concreteness. They stand in favor of a strict non-ideological approach where the fundamental criteria for evaluating political action are technical competence and honesty, while other aspects (such as the breadth of political action and its capacity to achieve change) tend to move to the background, or to eclipse. In this sense it is a ‘minimalist’ kind of politics: that is, a kind of politics which reduces itself to the management of the status quo, where the only noteworthy criteria seem to be honesty and effectiveness, and therefore saving time and money.

The 2 nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE of the JOURNAL SCUOLA DEMOCRATICA "REINVENTING EDUCATION" will ... more The 2 nd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE of the JOURNAL SCUOLA DEMOCRATICA "REINVENTING EDUCATION" will be hosted online June 3 through 5 2021, by Scuola Democratica, Centro Interuniversitario per la Ricerca Didattica (University of Cagliari and University of Sassari), Il Mulino. The challenges posed by the contemporary world have long required a rethinking of educational concepts, policies, and practices. The question about education 'for what' as well as 'how' and 'for whom' has become unavoidable and yet it largely remained elusive due to a tenacious attachment to the ideas and routines of the past which are now far off the radical transformations required of educational systems. Scenarios, reflections, and practices fostering the possibility of change towards the reinvention of the educational field as a driver of more general and global changes are centerstage topics at the Conference and will have a multidisciplinary approach from experts from different disciplinary communities, including sociology, pedagogy, psychology, economics, architecture, political science, etc. We hope with this opportunity to confirm the participation obtained at the first edition of the conference. Organizers, promoters and partners of the Conference wish to invite educators, teachers, researchers, scholars, academics, scientists, professionals , experts and policy makers to join the conversation and bring the disciplines towards a more integrated set of alliances by:-promoting a trans and inter disciplinary discussion on urgent topics;-fostering debates among experts and professionals;-diffusing research findings all over international scientific networks and practitioners' mainstreams;-launching further strategies and networking alliances on local, national and international scale;-providing a new space for debate and evidence to educational policies. In current times, alongside the "traditional" track of inequality, discrimination and gender-based violence, we are witnessing the increasing consolidation of another oppressive-and in some respects more insidious than the former one-path linked to new social media: just think of the role of new technologies in facilitating and / or multiplying harmful conducts, to the point of creating new ones. Particularly significant in this respect is hate speech, which is on the rise and takes new forms in contemporary societies , spanning from offline hatred to brutal online attacks, such as cyberstalking, cyberbullying, revenge porn and, more recently, zoombombing. The increase in webinars due to the covid-19 pandemic has indeed led to the spreading of zoombombing against NGOs and scholars during events addressing gender-related or anti-racism issues. "Gender"-understood as a non-binary category, alone or at the intersection with other characteristics of identity figures among the reasons on which hate speech is still largely based (see the yearly "Hate Barometers" issued byAmnesty International). If the growth of the manosphere shows that women in general continue to be hate speech's favorite target (Verza 2020), the attacks against Kamala Harris, in the context of the recent US elections, have once more shown the per-vasiveness of hate particularly against women of color, which requires an intersectional analysis (Ghanea 2013; Bello 2020). National laws do not always sanction hate speech based on all the characteristics of identity: for example, in Italy a draft bill (d.l. Zan) addressing homotransphobia, hatred against women and people with disabilities is currently being debated in Parliament. Schools-starting from primary and secondary education, where gender stereotypes and sexist culture take the first but decisive steps (Abbatecola, Stagi 2017; Biemmi, Leonelli 2016; Cavalli, Scudieri, La Spina 2013), up to the universities, in particular Law Schools-do not regularly include courses either on or in a gender perspective or on hate prevention and countering strategies in their curricula. Obviously, gender sensitive spot projects and interventions to sensitize teachers, pupils and students are insufficient to bring about a real cultural change. Therefore, this panel welcomes contributions from a wide range of disciplines, preferably with an interdisciplinary approach, that provide theoretical and / or empirical research addressing old and new forms of hate speech based solely on gender or, in an intersectional perspective, in connection with other factors, as well as the role played by formal and non-formal education, including clinical education at Law Schools, to prevent and counter them.

Room d5 113 Polo delle scienze sociali, Università degli studi di Firenze, Via delle pandette 35,... more Room d5 113 Polo delle scienze sociali, Università degli studi di Firenze, Via delle pandette 35, 50127-Firenze-Blended on webex. Prior registration is via email to