CHANGES IN BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TREES BY AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS (original) (raw)
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Physiological Responses of Some Tree Species to Air Pollution Stress around Bhadravathi Town, India
Monitoring the effects of air pollutants on vegetation is very important to assess their possible damage to natural vegetation and crop plants. In this sense, ambient air quality monitoring was carried out during 2006-2008 at five sampling sites of Bhadravathi town. The concentration of suspended particulate matter was higher (41.02-236.56 μg/m 3) than the concentration of nitrogen oxides (4.15-19.69 μg/m 3) and sulfur dioxide (1.90-13.23 μg/m 3). Four tree species (Polyalthia longifoia, Mangifera indica, Pongamia pinnata and Acacia auriculiformis) were selected to determine the effect of air pollution; the tested trees showed variation in biochemical parameters between sampling sites. The reduction in the range of ascorbic acid (1.80-4.99 mg/g of tissue), pH (5.2-6.5), relative water content (49-79%) and total chlorophyll content (1.39-2.77 mg/g of tissue) in tested trees at sampling sites versus trees at control site was significant. The variation among the biochemical parameters in the leaves of tested trees was directly attributed to the air pollution at Bhadravathi town.
Harmful effects of air pollutants in biochemical parameters of plants
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2008
Variations in biochemical parameters can be used as indicators of air pollution. Analysis data reveals that TSPM and RSPM level was exponentially higher during winter and summer season. The concentration of SO2 and NOx was greatly influenced by the automobile emission. Higher concentration was found in commercial area while NOx concentration was found higher than SO2. Higher level of pheophytin reduction was found in winter season in all the plant species, when the pollution level was high. The average pheophytin content in plant leaves all the location showed that values were higher than chlorophyll content, which indicates the conversion of chlorophyll to pheophytin or reduced biosynthesis. Protein content was found reduce in both plants species, and the maximum reduction was found in plants at commercial locations where the pollution level was comparatively high. An increase in POD activity was observed at commercial location ion comparison to residential locations. This study observed that at commercial locations and in winter season, stress on plants was higher.
The effect of selected gaseous air pollutants on woody plants
Forest Research Papers, 2015
The article discusses gaseous air pollutants that have the greatest impact on forest ecosystems. This group of pollutants ncludes sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxides (NO and NO2) and ozone (O3). In the 20th century, the major contributor to forest degradation was sulfur dioxide, a gaseous substance with direct and powerful phytotoxic and acidifying effects. Since then, sulfur dioxide emissions have been significantly reduced in Europe and North America, but they continue to grow in East Asia along with China’s economic boom. Nitric oxides affect woody plants directly by entering through the stomata and indirectly through soil acidification and environmental eutrophication. Ozone, in turn, is found in photochemical smog and is produced by conversion of its precursors (nitric oxides, organic compounds and carbon monoxide). It is a strong oxidizing agent which disrupts various physiological processes, mostly photosynthesis and water use in plants, but is also the air pollutant that exe...
Plant Physiology, 2015
Trees can improve air quality, but at the same time, pollution might put them at risk. Plane(Platanus orientalis L) and willow trees (Salix babylonicaL) are important trees in the green space of Tehran. Plane trees in Tehran have experienced early autumn in recent years due to severe air pollution. The present study, investigated some physiological traits of these trees under study to determine the cause of early autumn phenomenon. Three regions in Tehran were chosen for the study: Sadra Park as a clean region, Al-Mahdi Park as the polluted region 1, and Avesta Park as the polluted region 2. The results showed that the highest levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, and anthocyanins were observed in the leaves of the plane trees of Sadra Park and the leaves of the willow trees of the Avesta Park and Sadra Park. The average concentration of lead (Pb) in the plane leaves was observed in the Avesta Park and the highest cadmium concentration was recorded...
Trees under polluted environment
The air pollutants such as gaseous, aerosols and dust effect directly and indirectly on plants leaves with or without visible damages. The leaf is a part of the plant that first and most obviously exhibit visible symptoms of injury and that can serve as bioindicator for tolerance of the species. Nevertheless, even without visible injures, biochemical, physiological and cellular changes can take place to mitigate stress and the ample used of the plant internal resources. Typically under ambient air pollution tree plants adapt through leaf blade modifications. Evaluation of leaf alterations in plants exposed to air pollution is an important task for biological monitoring and mitigation strategies.
BIOEDUSCIENCE
Background: Air pollution is a threat to the environment. Sources of air pollutants in urban environments can be in the form of dust, heavy metals, and hydrocarbons. Plants can help clean air pollutants from the atmosphere by absorption through the stomata, accumulating them, or by adsorption on the leaf surface. The Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) is used as an evaluation benchmark for the Physiological conditions of plants exposed to air pollution. This research aims to study the physiological conditions of six tree species in air conditions in the Depok City area and to assess the plants' tolerance level based on the APTI calculation. Methods: The physiological parameters measured to calculate APTI were ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, leaf extract pH, and Relative Water Content (RWC). The six tree species used as objects in this study were Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Bauhinia purpurea, Ficus septica, Filicium decipiens, and Nephelium lappaceum. Result...
Identification of tree species that can biologically monitor air pollution and can endure air pollution is very much important for a sustainable green belt development around any polluted place. To ascertain the species, ten tree species were selected on the basis of some previous study from the campus of the University of Burdwan and were studied in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The study has been designed to investigate biochemical and physiological activities of selected tree species as the campus is presently exposed to primary air pollutants and their impacts on plant community were observed through the changes in several physical and biochemical constituents of plant leaves. As the plant species continuously exchange different gaseous pollutants in and out of the foliar system and are very sensitive to gaseous pollutants, they serve as bioindicators. Due to air pollution, foliar surface undergoes different structural and functional changes. In the selected plant species, it was observed that the concentration of primary air pollutants, proline content, pH, relative water holding capacity, photosynthetic rate, and respiration rate were higher in the pre-monsoon than the post-monsoon season, whereas the total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, sugar, and conductivity were higher in the post-monsoon season. From the entire study, it was observed that the concentration of sulfur oxide (SO x), nitrogen oxide (NO x), and suspended particulate matter (SPM) all are reduced in the post-monsoon season than the pre-monsoon season. In the pre-monsoon season, SO x , NO x , and SPM do not have any significant correlation with biochemical as well as physiological parameters. SPM shows a negative relationship with chlorophyll 'a' (r = −0.288), chlorophyll 'b' (r = −0.267), and total chlorophyll (r = −0.238). Similarly, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and the total chlorophyll show negative relations with SO x and NO x (p < 0.005) during the post-monsoon season. Proline shows a positive relationship with SO x in the pre-monsoon season whereas in the post-monsoon season proline content shows a positive relationship with both SO x and NO x. The present study facilitates to screen eight sensitive and two moderately tolerant tree species according to their air pollution tolerance index (APTI) values.
Effect of Air Pollution on Metabolic Contents of Some Trees in Amravati City (MS)
Increasing level of pollution load in environmental conditions severely alters metabolism in any organism. One of such significantly contributor pollution is air pollution. Industrial and automobile revolution is the main cause behind the rise in pollution load in the environment. Amongst the respondents to this pollution plant are more threatened due to their static nature. They suffer from the number of problems leading to metabolic disorders and consequent changes in the growth performance. The aim of this investigation is to determine the effects of air pollution on the morphology and metabolism of the plant in terms of the levels of total soluble sugar, ascorbic acid, protein, prolein, chlorophyll in four tree species and assess the role of these parameters as a marker for plant damage. It was determination of the current health status of tree species surviving in the polluted area and its comparison to the plants from the area where environment was more clean and healthy. To a...
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS), 2023
Air pollution is a global issue that has a harmful impact on living things and the environment. It is commonly recognized that bioremediation, including the use of tree plants, helps reduce air pollution. Tree plants can respond physically to air pollution. The value of the air pollution tolerance index (APTI) can be used to determine the physiological response. Based on APTI values, this study seeks to determine the tolerance levels and physiological response differences of six tree plant species (Mangifera indica, Pterocarpus indicus, Cerbera odollam, Pometia pinnata, Syzygium myrtifolium, and