Ergonomics: Application in Industries (original) (raw)
A Case Study on Industrial Ergonomics
Iconic Research and Engineering Journals, 2022
Ergonomics is the study of how working conditions, machines and equipment can be arranged in order that people can work with them more efficiently. The general approach for designing the work place for the positive outcome of the worker and the corresponding factors. Industrial Ergonomics is a science on how to fit the task and working environment the worker using scientific data drawn from a variety of disciplines. In Industrial System, the science of ergonomics seeks to adapt the job and workplace to the worker by designing tasks within the workers capabilities and limitations. The term ergonomics is neutral, takes no sides, neither of employers nor of employees. The various applications of industrial ergonomics which indirectly plays a vital role in the output of the respective industry. When the ergonomic is set right there is increase in the worker efficiency as well as the output. There is drastic reduction in the injuries to workers when the ergonomics is set up in the right way
Work Place Ergonomics- A Review
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy—An International Journal, 2020
Ergonomics is the study of the interaction between people and machines and the factors that affect the interaction. Its purpose is to improve the performance of systems by improving human machine interaction. This can be done by ‘designing-in’ a better interface or by ‘designing-out’ factors in the work environment, in the task or in the organization of work that degrade human–machine performance. Systems can be improved by • Designing the user-interface to make it more compatible with the task and the user. This makes it easier to use and more resistant to errors that people are known to make. • Changing the work environment to make it safer and more appropriate for the task. • Changing the task to make it more compatible with user characteristics. • Changing the way work is organized to accommodate people’s psychological and social needs. This article presents on overview on current knowledge on work place ergonomics.
Ergonomics in Industry a Review
Industrial Engineering Journal, 2018
The objective of ergonomics is not to fit an individual to the task rather it aims to fit endeavor to an individual. Human Factor Ergonomics [HFE] has sustainable prospective in designing of different kinds of complex structures with man and machines etc., but it faces issues in compatibility and adherence to meet the market needs. This paper aims to describe review of relevant literature to scrutinize human factor in preservation and to establish demand for quality HFE. Review applies a novel framework that has unique combination that ascertains HFE by following categories: fundamental system approach, design driven approach, workplace macro ergonomics, cynosure outcomes as performance & well-being [Human Resource Management]. In terms of preservation, paper yields key insights concerning impact of decision making and also focuses on the quality HFE by providing strategic and specialized research excellence in HFE. The prerequisites for the mentioned structure such as collaboration between group of HFE and IEA has also been discussed.
ANALYSIS OF ERGONOMICS (A Study Conducted in Puducherry State of Specific Industry
ABSTRACT In recent, industrial environment is extremely competitive, complex and dynamic. To sustain such environment the manufacturing system needs to be ergonomically designed so that it is responsive to changes. Ergonomics is the study of work. Ergonomics is the science of designing the work to fit the worker, rather than physically forcing the worker’s body to fit the job in the organisation. The work smart ergonomics is that to maximize productivity by minimizing the potential for work related injuries in both existing and new workspaces. The aim of this research undertakes studies to provide answers to some of the basic issues related to the use of leather manufacturing machine tools. The studies were conducted to investigate human performance on leather machine tools under the impact of machine panel height, panel angle and working distance. The chief aim of these studies involves suggesting framework and analyzing the result to provide important ergonomic information to future leather manufacturing industries. Keywords: Environment, Ergonomic, Machine, Work
3 3 D De ep pa ar rt tm me en nt t o of f P Pr ro od du uc ct ti io on n, , Abstract Today, both workers and management are concerned about the quality of work lives, ergonomics and occupational safety and health. New development such as information and communication technologies and specialized work requiring repetitive tasks add up to a need for Ergonomics. By examining, designing, testing and evaluating the work piece and how people interact in it, ergonomics can create productive, safe, and satisfying work environment. Ergonomics is concerns with the study of the relationship between people and work environment. The scope for the application of ergonomics in our working environment is tremendous. Ergonomics has the essential role to play in increasing work efficiency and productivity by making the tool or machine fit the users and the worker's efficiency. Ergonomics developed into a recognized field during the Second World War, when for the first time, technology and the human science s were systematically applied in a coordinated manner [1]. The application of Ergonomics is very much in Europe and northern America. Recently Southeast Asian countries including Bangladesh are applying the concept of ergonomics industrial workstation design. This paper focuses on the importance of ergonomics in product design, working environment, and its influence in industrial workstation design, the interdisciplinary nature of ergonomics and the implications of ergonomics in industrial engineering function. It also contains the importance of ergonomics for an industrial engineer to design product.
INDUSTRIAL GUIDE TO ERGONOMICS ENGINEERING
INDUSTRIAL GUIDE TO ERGONOMICS ENGINEERING, 2019
Ergonomics is the study of people while they use equipment in specific environments to perform certain tasks. Ergonomics seeks to minimize adverse effects of the environment upon people and thus to enable each person to maximize his or her contribution to a given job. This industry guide: Explains generally how measurements of human traits can be used to further workplace safety, health, comfort and productivity, discusses how to enhance worker safety by combining principles that govern the action of forces with knowledge of the human body, analyzes properties of illumination and explains how proper illumination makes for a safer workplace by reducing worker fatigue, shows how hand tools can be designed to reduce injuries to employees and to lessen trauma to their body members, illustrates ways to recognize proper sitting positions and to construct seating arrangements to minimize stress to the lumbar region, demonstrates how workspaces can be designed to decrease psychological stress and to increase employee motivation, directs attention to the benefits of proper selection and strategic arrangement of controls and displays for the machinery operation, offers general information about ways to reduce back injuries that result from manual lifting and offers more specialized guidelines for evaluating physical stresses imposed by lifting, refines the concept of the worker with a disability and suggests ways of meeting the special needs of people with disabilities, and stimulates new thinking about problems such as those from the sustained operation of computers) brought about by technological advancements. This industry guide demonstrates how benefits are derived from applying the principles of ergonomics to workplace safety and health. It gives the reader a solid
MATEC web of conferences, 2018
Manufacturing Industry is one of the industrial activities in Indonesia, manufacturing industry is an industry with main activities is to change raw materials, components, or other parts into goods which is according to company specifications standards. In the production floor, activity in the manufacturing industry, the workers have different job specifications with each other. Some works consist of human-machine interaction is found by the activity between workers and lathe machine, welding maching, milling machine, frais machine, and others. The manufacturing industry will increase its ability to serve a variety of better quality products caused by the desire or encouragement of the customers. In general, according to the increase of corporate targets, its also need improvement from the aspect of work performance. To obtain a description of the proposed improvement based on human performance, it is necessary to identify the eight aspects of ergonomics include the consumption of nutritionalfor workers (energy), muscle power, body posture, environment, time conditions, social conditions, information conditions, and human machine interaction. This research use cross sectional method approach that is research done at one time, no follw up, to find the correlation between independent variable (risk factor) with dependent variable (effect). The conclusion of this research is needed nutrition intake or nutrition to recover the workers, it is necessary to design facilities such as manufacturing aids to reduce the use of excess muscle or appropriate technology (TTG). After the application of TTG (Appropriate Technology) to reduce the excessive use of muscle to the workers, the company should provide the nutritional intake accordance with workload of employees in the manufacturing industry
Ergonomics Study and Analysis of Workstations of a Garment Manufacturing Factory in Tunisia
Springer Proceedings in Materials, 2022
The workers' performance in the mechanical manufacturing sector is the main factor for the improvement of productivity and quality. At present, it seems that the available information on the ergonomics and the working environment of the mechanical manufacturing actors is scarce. This study deals with the relationship between the working method and the workstation in injection mold manufacturing. An original methodology, based on the survey of operators using participatory ergonomic tools, is proposed in order to evaluate the ergonomic performance of 3 workstations: milling, turning, and drilling. The surveys concerned 3 operators. Obtained results showed that ergonomics play a key role in improving mechanical manufacturing. The results obtained from the analysis showed that ergonomics has a key role in the quality of the various tasks performed by operators. Using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (RULA) and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) investigation tools, the examination of the workstations revealed 4 machining operations and 12 operator postures that have a direct influence on the performance of all machining stations. In addition, data from the analysis conducted on injection mold manufacturing revealed that neither the workstations were ergonomic nor the operators complied with the ergonomic rules. Based on the results obtained, a new standardized score is proposed for the RULA and REBA calculations. This score was applied and validated through another study conducted in a leaf spring manufacturing plant. The results of these studies were concretized by proposing the digital factory where CATIA software was used for the virtual design of the ergonomic workstations and their environments.
Production ergonomics – the science and practice of designing industrial workplaces to optimize human well-being and system performance – is a complex challenge for a designer. Humans are a valuable and flexible resource in any system of creation, and as long as they stay healthy, alert and motivated, they perform well and also become more competent over time, which increases their value as a resource. However, if a system designer is not mindful or aware of the many threats to health and system performance that may emerge, the end result may include inefficiency, productivity losses, low working morale, injuries and sick-leave. To help budding system designers and production engineers tackle these design challenges holistically, this book offers a multi-faceted orientation in the prerequisites for healthy and effective human work. We will cover physical, cognitive and organizational aspects of ergonomics, and provide both the individual human perspective and that of groups and populations, ending up with a look at global challenges that require workplaces to become more socially and economically sustainable. This book is written to give you a warm welcome to the subject, and to provide a solid foundation for improving industrial workplaces to attract and retain healthy and productive staff in the long run.
Ergonomics in the Office Environment: A Review
2009
The evolution of "office ergonomics" has been largely due to rapid growth of information technology. Nowadays most of the offices are based on the concept of non-territorial or free address offices in which a given desk, office or workstation is intended to be used by different people at different times. Ergonomics in the office environment ranges from business process analysis to workplace design including furniture, equipment, computer systems and environmental factors. Recently in the office, there has been a significant increase in the number of injuries due to overexertion and repetitive strain. In this paper an attempt has been made to give deep insight of office environment ergonomics and workstation design issues applicable to flexible office work. With the passage of time flexible office design, has improved to eliminate as far as possible the undesirable effects without compromising the benefits and furthermore, to extend the range of potential benefits afforded by the presence of flexibility in the office. The paper gives the readers a broad overview of the different aspects of ergonomic issues applicable to office work and discuses worker health and safety relating to work performed using a computer as a workstation. However, most requirements are applicable to any office environment, which is considered prudent practice for the avoidance of ergonomic related injuries and losses. These advances will create a new era of office ergonomics that will provide considerable health and cost benefits to computer users. Ergonomics work design is best done by assisting users in making informed decisions to enhance efficiency at work, safety, health, physical and psychological well being of people at work or using facilities or equipment. Intensive use of computer and information technology for long periods of time in the office workplace calls for an examination of employee performance and possible work-related health and stress problems. It also provides an overview of a systems analysis tool using a macroergonomic approach to understand and identify problems and probable casual factors related to such office environments. Flexible office also provides a process for developing strategic and systematic solutions for solving problems arising in a computer intensive office environment. Reductions in weight and size of computer display equipment, along with advances in lift technology will allow creation of optimized office computer work environments that are substantially lower in cost and easier to set up in the future. The paper contains useful information for workplace practices and may be referred to by inspectors with the Ministry of Labor in performing their duties in enforcing the Occupational Health and Safety Act.
Ergonomics of the physical environment
Applied Ergonomics, 1995
This paper considers standards relevant to environmental ergonomics, and includes those that have been, or are likely to be, produced by the International Organization for Standardization
Evaluating the performance of ergonomic working environment in assembly line
ARPN journal of engineering and applied sciences, 2016
Most of the workers in manufacturing industry, especially under assembly department have to perform their job in standing position due to the effectiveness. The research scope and objectives are to obtain the satisfaction of workers standing position to the workers. Besides that, the ergonomically design ergonomic working environment was implemented to reduce the aching feet, low back pain, swollen ankles and calves as well as leg and hip pain at the selected manufacturing plant. The data on the Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) symptoms of pain and the workers’ risks of exposure to vibration were collected via questionnaire and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). After implementing the ergonomic working environment, direct interview was conducted to get the feedback from the workers as well as to verify the working environment. The research found that the workers are having pain in the right heels and left heel with percentage 33.9% and 32.1% respectively. RULA result found that 50%...
Effect of Ergonomical Factors on the Employees
To improve and enlightening production ergonomics is a search widespread to numerous organizations in diverse engineering and management zones. At the foundation is an ambition to eradicate hazards for job concerned musculoskeletal disorders, but recent observations on ergonomics have developed the discipline from a merely physiological, anthropometrical, and Psychosocial influential apprehension to an organizational, systems performance discipline. This research recommends that in an organization ergonomics infrastructure is made up of the structural, technical, executive and stakeholder comparative circumstances that allow or obstruct development of ergonomics. These circumstances spotlight on the positioning of diverse employees towards ergonomics concerns in an organization, the relationships between user, workers or employees, scenario, scheme and strategy they use for arguments, and the manipulate that occur from industryparticular culture, insolences and technical incorporation (or elimination) of ergonomics into engineering and production progressions. The information deduced from the research in this paper has been produced together with pertinent theoretical perceptions originated in the literature, into a Tentative Agenda which conducts empirical data assembly intended at planning the ergonomics infrastructure in an organization. Its step-bystep methodical appraisal of circumstances at diverse hierarchical levels in the organization should serve ergonomics experts and managers alike in classifying pathways and obstructions to improve production ergonomics.
Ergonomics and design: its principles applied in the industry
Work (Reading, Mass.), 2012
Industrial Design encompasses both product development and optimization of production process. In this sense, Ergonomics plays a fundamental role, because its principles, methods and techniques can help operators to carry out their tasks most successfully. A case study carried out in an industry shows that the interaction among Design, Production Engineering and Materials Engineering departments may improve some aspects concerned security, comfort, efficiency and performance. In this process, Ergonomics had shown to be of essential importance to strategic decision making to the improvement of production section.
Ergonomic Design of a Workplace
2018
Even though a lot of jobs are lost due to big changes that came with new technologies and automatization, never before have people paid such attention to designing ergonomic workplaces. This way companies want to improve production and ensure the safety of their workers. There is also some software which can help with designing workplaces with human models. Jack Siemens is one example of this kind of software. This software Jack and principles of ergonomics were used in the company Končar-MES d.d. in one assembling workplace. Two proposals to optimize this operation were using conveyor and a rotating-lifting table.
Human Factors and Ergonomic Studies
International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology IJRASET, 2020
Ergonomics is primarily concerned with improving the performance of man or man-machine systems. Although many applications have produced evident improvements, the terms of reference and the results are not often expressed in measures that are easily converted into financial savings. Cases are cited of increases of productivity resulting from equipment redesign and of savings achieved from the reduction of accidents, and from improvements in the working environment. It is suggested that the use of ergonomic data in a design program should not necessarily be based on the prediction of financial benefits but based on human factors.Most incidents can be prevented by taking simple ergonomic efforts. To outline important issues on safety and health that should be paid attention to, on work places and in Industrial sites for easy reference to the workers, the need for further studies is debated. If we work carefully and take appropriate safety measures, there will definitely be fewer work injury cases and our sites will become a safe and secure place to work in.
ERGONOMICS AT WORK ENVIRONMENT IN INDIA
The article concerns about human factors and ergonomics at workplace, how far a workplace and the equipment used there can best be designed for comfort, efficiency, safety, and productivity of human. Normally we use to blame poorly designed work stations, cars, sofas and other equipment and furniture for our aches and pains. Frequently the missing piece is how we actually use our own body. Even the very best ergonomically premeditated workplace is of narrow importance if the human being using it does not use their own body well. Ergonomics (or human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the thoughtful of the communications among human being and other elements of a organization, and the career that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize person well-being and overall system performance. The goal of this study was to find out the control of suitability of workplace and equipment designs and the work posture ergonomics at tube Products of India, a Unit of Murugappa Group.
Developing Ergonomics: A Categorical Imperative in Industrial Engineering
2021
Ergonomics is a major contribution to systems design. In subscription to supply of high quality application, it's imperative to evaluate its operational challenges in market readiness. The expedient characteristics of system design, design oriented performance are its unique pride. The capacity to strengthen demand to attain quality, applying high quality, doubling awareness among personnel, specialization, linearity is dependent in this paper in terms of excellent research. Ergonomics resolves bottlenecks in major business, environmental hitches regarding work and production service system. Ergonomic, from the practical view point, is underexploited potentially. This paper tends to present a systematic approach for ergonomic to improve demand and practical application of quality operation, with emphasis on key elements; systematic approach, detailed design driven and personnel performance and man machine interaction /well-being goals.
Increasing productivity by reducing MSD's using Ergonomics
State –of –the-art the industrial success greatly depends on the Quality, delivery and uptime. In order to achieve this industry should implement new techniques which will increase the quality, productivity and decrease worker fatigue. One such technique is ergonomics. This paper is a case study on application of ergonomics in improving the quality of work system design, reducing musculoskeletal disorders and increasing productivity. The existing workstation design was studied and suggestion was given to improve the method for productivity by reducing shoulder and wrist injury and fatigue. A good ergonomic work station design showed a better interaction between man–machine systems. Using Digital human modeling to analyze the human fatigueless with four analyzed parameters like Train, Analyze, Safety and Kaizen.