Validation of Three-Dimensional Ray-Tracing Algorithm for Indoor Wireless Propagations (original) (raw)
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Proceedings of the 13th …, 2002
This paper discusses an efficient implementati on of Deterministic Ray Tracing model for indoor wireless propagation and the nth order contribution of reflection components. It is important to characterize the indoor propagation channel to ensure satisfactory performance of a wireless communication system. Ray tracing method is extremely effective in indoor environments for estimating the average propagation loss caused by severe multi path reflections. In this model the dominant rays are calculated using Geometrical Optics implemented by the method of images. Deterministic models are computationally expensive but provide accurate results, which become essential in Indoor Wireless site-specific propagation modeling. A Software package has been developed which performs 3-D ray tracing and calculates signal strength variations in a given wireless environment. To validate software results, experimentation at 836 MHz & 1 GHz was carried out in the building of Electrical Engineering Department at UET Lahore. Measured results were mostly found to be in close agreement with the calculated values, proving the validity of the implemented model.
Ray tracing prediction of indoor radio propagation
5th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Wireless Networks - Catching the Mobile Future., 1994
Indoor wireless systems will be used in a large variety of office, factory and residential environments. Thus, adequate guidelines for radio port placement are needed to ensure satisfactory performance at the lowest cost. These guidelines must be derived from a large body of site-specific propagation data. However, collecting a statistically significant database through measurements is a daunting task. Alternatively, this database can be generated by using propagation models, validated by measurements. Several models exist for the statistical characterization of microwave propagation within buildings. However, statistical models do not provide site-specific information. We propose a hybrid model in which ray tracing is used to predict, a t any given location, the local mean of the received power and the delay profile. Variations about the mean values can then be captured via a statistical description matched to the local environment. We describe an efficient 3-D ray tracing algorithm which accounts for all (transmitted as well as reflected) rays reaching the receiver location after an arbitrary number of reflections. We include the effects of the angle of incidence, the material dielectric constant and the antenna patterns. The predicted values for the local means of the received power are then compared against measurements to establish the accuracy of this approach.
In this paper a three dimensional 'imagebased' ray tracing algorithm for indoor environments is presented. The model is capable of predicting wideband as well as narrowband propagation information for single floor scenarios. To show the practicality of such a model, the ray tracing engine has been used to investigate a typical indoor environment. The influence of internal objects such as windows, doors and partitions is considered. Since externally reflected and diffracted rays are supported, the impact of external building structures on the received power and rms delay spread is examined. The channel characteristics were also studied for different receiver antenna orientations.
A novel 3D ray launching technique for radio propagation prediction in indoor environments
PloS one, 2018
Radio propagation prediction simulation methods based on deterministic technique such as ray launching is extensively used to accomplish radio channel characterization. However, the superiority of the simulation depends on the number of rays launched and received. This paper presented the indoor three-dimensional (3D) Minimum Ray Launching Maximum Accuracy (MRLMA) technique, which is applicable for an efficient indoor radio wave propagation prediction. Utilizing the novel MRLMA technique in the simulation environment for ray lunching and tracing can drastically reduce the number of rays that need to be traced, and improve the efficiency of ray tracing. Implementation and justification of MRLMA presented in the paper. An indoor office 3D layouts are selected and simulations have been performed using the MRLMA and other reference techniques. Results showed that the indoor 3D MRLMA model is appropriate for wireless communications network systems design and optimization process with res...
Adaptive 3D ray tracing approach for indoor radio signal prediction at 3.5 GHz
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE), 2022
This paper explained an adaptive ray tracing technique in modelling indoor radio wave propagation. As compared with conventional ray tracing approach, the presented ray tracing approach offers an optimized method to trace the travelling radio signal by introducing flexibility and adaptive features in ray launching algorithm in modelling the radio wave for indoor scenarios. The simulation result was compared with measurements data for verification. By analyzing the results, the proposed adaptive technique showed a better improvement in simulation time, power level and coverage in modelling the radio wave propagation for indoor scenario and may benefit in the development of signal propagation simulators for future technologies.
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2000
A novel three-dimensional (3-D) ray-tracing model capable of supporting detailed representation of the indoor environment, as well as external building structures, is presented in this paper. The developed algorithm uses a hybrid imaging technique where the two-dimensional (2-D) image generations in vertical and horizontal planes are combined to produce 3-D paths. It also employs the concept of "illumination zones" of the images which greatly simplifies the image map and allows the evaluation of complex indoor scenarios.
Indoor 3D ray tracing predictions and their comparison with high resolution wideband measurements
Proceedings of Vehicular Technology Conference - VTC, 1996
This paper investigates the viability of an 'image based' 3D indoor propagation algorithm for characterising the radio channel in both LOS and non-LOS locations. The channel characteristics were also studied for different receiver antenna orientations. Predictions from the model are compared with high resolution channel impulse response measurements. The measurements highlight the high degree of variability experienced in the indoor channel. The results illustrate that with sufficient detail in the ray model reasonable agreement can be obtained for the power delay profiles.
Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 2018
The main target of this article is to study the provision of indoor service (coverage) using outdoor base station at higher frequencies i.e. 10 GHz, 30 GHz and 60 GHz. In an outdoor to indoor propagation, an angular wall loss model is used in the General Building Penetration (GBP) model for estimating the additional loss at the intercept point of the building exterior wall. A novel angular wall loss model based on a separate incidence angle in azimuth and elevation plane is proposed in this paper. In the second part of this study, an Extended Building Penetration (EBP) model is proposed, and the performance of EBP model is compared with the GBP model. In EBP model, the additional fifth path known as the "Direct path" is proposed to be included in the GBP model. Based on the evaluation results, the impact of the direct path is found significant for the indoor users having the same or closed by height as that of the height of the transmitter. For the indoor users located far away from the exterior wall of building, a modified and enhanced approach of ray tracing type is proposed in this article. In the light of acquired simulation results, the impact of a modified ray tracing approach is emphasized.
An enhanced 3D ray tracing algorithm for indoor EM propagation
An enhanced 3D Ray Tracing Propagation Algorithm for indoor EM Wave Propagation useful at various frequencies (e.g. UMTS, TETRA) is presented. By adopting reasonable simplifying assumptions, computation time is reduced of at least an order of magnitude, if compared to a brute force approach. In order to evaluate path losses, a classical recursive image method has been modified and 3D geometry was reduced to multiple 2D. By using the proposed approach, an higher number of reflections can be evaluated, thus increasing simulation accuracy.