Pyrolysis process to produce fuel from different types of plastic – a review (original) (raw)
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Pyrolysis of plastic waste for liquid fuel production as prospective energy resource
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
The worldwide plastic generation expanded over years because of the variety applications of plastics in numerous sectors that caused the accumulation of plastic waste in the landfill. The growing of plastics demand definitely affected the petroleum resources availability as non-renewable fossil fuel since plastics were the petroleum-based material. A few options that have been considered for plastic waste management were recycling and energy recovery technique. Nevertheless, several obstacles of recycling technique such as the needs of sorting process that was labour intensive and water pollution that lessened the process sustainability. As a result, the plastic waste conversion into energy was developed through innovation advancement and extensive research. Since plastics were part of petroleum, the oil produced through the pyrolysis process was said to have high calorific value that could be used as an alternative fuel. This paper reviewed the thermal and catalytic degradation of plastics through pyrolysis process and the key factors that affected the final end product, for instance, oil, gaseous and char. Additionally, the liquid fuel properties and a discussion on several perspectives regarding the optimization of the liquid oil yield for every plastic were also included in this paper.
Plastic Waste Into Fuel Using Pyrolysis Process
This paper discuss about the fuel preparation from low density plastic wastes. Plastics have woven their way into our daily lives and now pose a tremendous threat to the environment. Over a 280 million tone's of plastics are produced annually worldwide, and the used products have become a common feature at overflowing bins and landfills. Here, the process of converting waste plastic into value added fuels is explained as a viable solution for recycling of plastics. Thus two universal problems such as problems of waste plastic and problems of fuel shortage are being tackled simultaneously. In this study, plastic wastes (low density polyethylene) were used for the pyrolysis to get fuel oil that has the same physical properties as the fuels like petrol, diesel etc. Pyrolysis runs without oxygen and in high temperature of about 300°C. The waste plastics are subjected to pyrolysis to obtain different value added fuels such as petrol, kerosene, and diesel, etc. Converting waste plasti...
Oil Production by Pyrolysis of Real Plastic Waste
Polymers, 2022
The aim of this paper is for the production of oils processed in refineries to come from the pyrolysis of real waste from the high plastic content rejected by the recycling industry of the Basque Country (Spain). Concretely, the rejected waste streams were collected from (1) a light packaging waste sorting plant, (2) the paper recycling industry, and (3) a waste treatment plant of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). The influence of pre-treatments (mechanical separation operations) and temperature on the yield and quality of the liquid fraction were evaluated. In order to study the pre-treatment effect, the samples were pyrolyzed at 460 °C for 1 h. As pre-treatments concentrate on the suitable fraction for pyrolysis and reduce the undesirable materials (metals, PVC, PET, inorganics, cellulosic materials), they improve the yield to liquid products and considerably reduce the halogen content. The sample with the highest polyolefin content achieved the highest liquid yield (70....
Pyrolysis of Waste Plastic into Fuel
2019
Due to the current continued use of fossil fuels such as crude oil, natural gas and coal, the current economic growth rate is unstable. Therefore, renewable energy sources are being exploited, but some resources, such as plastic waste, need to be developed into a fullfledged economic activity. Modernization and development have led to a huge increase in the production of all types of plastics, which have their widespread applications and low cost. The landscape of plastic recycling practices is reviewed in this paper. Its aim is to provide an in-depth analysis of the pyrolysis of plastic waste obtained in current recycling technology. Since the calorific value of the plastic is equal to the value of the hydrocarbon fuel, it provides a good opportunity to use the fuel generated waste from the plastic waste and generate the fuel. The technique of fueling plastic waste through the pyrolysis process is discussed. Therefore, efforts have been made to overcome the problem of plastic waste...
Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste into The Fuel Oil
2019
Plastic distillation with pyrolysis method is one of the ways that can be used to convert plastic waste into useful chemicals and fuel oil. The purpose of this research is to design a simple plastic waste distillation design model, knowing the oil yield that can be obtained and the calorific value of oil from plastic distillation. The distillation device consists of a 12-liter volume reactor and a condenser with 0.5-inch copper pipe formed spiral with a total length of 1.5 meters and liquid cooled. The test was carried out with 2 kg Polyethylene Terephthalate type plastic material per process with 3 variations of temperature of 300 ° C, 350 ° C, 400 ° C and using LPG as fuel. The test results, the highest amount of oil produced is 49 gr at a pyrolysis temperature of 400 ° C with the heating value obtained from the distillation oil is 1537 J / gr.
Production of Conventional Fuel from Plastic Waste and Biomass by Pyrolysis
IRJET, 2022
The conversion of waste plastic into liquid fuel is an unintended outcome of the progress made toward more sustainable waste management. The best and optimum way to convert waste plastic is to do pyrolysis process by creating oxygen free atmosphere. This is an effective measure by converting waste plastic into combustible hydrocarbon liquid as an alternative fuel. The plastics used in this process include polypropylene, polyethylene and high-density polyethylene. In some trials, plastics were copyrolyzed with other materials such as biomass (rice husk). The fuel obtained was of high yield and could be brought in use for commercial purpose after creating a setup for large scale production. In our process we got nearly 65% yield of fuels. The quality of fuel after the process of pyrolysis of plastic and co-pyrolysis of plastic + biomass, is compared to conventional diesel fuel after purification to check the similarity between two. The fuel samples were analyzed through FTIR and the components present were identified. This oil, after purification, can be readily used in industries to heat the boilers. We believe that modifications in our process and use of biomass reduced the time required to carry out the process, increased the fuel yield. Residue was converted into Nanosilica by acid treatment which has a wide use as an adsorbent in industries. Thus, two problems such as waste plastic management and fuel shortage could be tackled simultaneously and hence through this method we could reduce the damage caused to the environmental.
Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste for Liquid Fuel Production
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2021
Due to rapid industrialization as well as increase in medical waste, plastic waste which is non-biodegradable is increasing day by day. Plastic waste management was found to be done by several methods such as plasma process, incineration and pyrolysis out of which catalytic pyrolysis was found to be most economical as it gives alternative for non-renewable sources of energy. Fuel oil can be produced from several raw materials such as biomass, plastic, tyres etc. here polypropylene was used as raw material due to its low melting point also it gives higher calorific value fuel oil. Batch reactor has certain drawbacks as compared to continuous rectors such as manpower requirement, char getting accumulated inside reactor, higher residence time, less pure oil, higher operating temperature etc. in this review various reactors used for pyrolysis have been discussed along with effect of parameters affecting the pyrolysis. Non-condensable gases can be used to heat reactor and minimize waste heat loss.
Journal of Energy
Plastics are cheap, lightweight, and durable and can be easily molded into many different products, shapes, and sizes, hence their wide applications globally, leading to increased production and use. Plastic consumption and production have been growing since its first production in the 1950s. About 4% of global oil and gas production is being used as feedstock for plastics, and 3–4% is used to provide energy for their manufacture. Plastics have a wide range of applications because they are versatile and relatively cheap. This study presents an in-depth analysis of plastic solid waste (PSW). Plastic wastes can be technically used for oil production because the calorific value of the plastics is quite comparable to that of oil, making this option an attractive alternative. Oil can be produced from plastic wastes via thermal degradation and catalytic degradation, while gasification can be used to produce syngas. Plastic pyrolysis can be used to address the twin problem of plastic waste...
Conversion of Waste Plastic to Energy by Pyrolysis Process: A Review
International Journal for Scientific Research and Development, 2020
Recently many countries have started work for the replacement of fossil fuels. Many researchers have reported that vegetable oil and biodiesel can be used as a substitute of petroleum fuels. This review article deals about the state of art of energy extraction from waste material by thermochemical conversion methods. The world is facing lot of problem due to accumulation of different types of waste such as waste plastic, waste tires, waste lubricating oils, waste transformer oil etc. It is very much essential to find an efficient process as a potential solution of these wastes. Thermochemical conversion methods are the best way to convert this waste material into potential energy form. In this article the various methods such as direct combustion, liquefaction, pyrolysis, gasification has been discussed. This article also gives information about scope of use of the products obtained by these processes.