Antidiabetic Potential of Prosopis farcta Roots: In Vitro Pancreatic Beta Cell Protection, Enhancement of Glucose Consumption, and Bioassay-Guided Fractionation (original) (raw)
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Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2018
A rapidly increasing incidence of Diabetes mellitus throughout the world is a major concern in both developed and developing countries and the drawbacks associated with currently available treatments led to switching researcher's attention towards naturopathy. Since ancient time, herbal plants have been traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes as they consider to be less toxic and free from side effects than synthetic ones. In our previous studies, we had isolated two new compounds (Methyl 5-tridecyloctadec-4-enoate and Nonacosan-8-one), together with three known compounds (Lupeol, β-sitosterol and Stigmasterol) from chloroform fraction of stem bark of P. cineraria (CfPc). The present study aimed to determine the in vivo and in vivo antidiabetic activity of CfPc in streptozotocin induced experimental diabetes and also evaluated their possible mode of action. CfPc was orally administrated to STZ (55 mg/kg b.wt) induced diabetic rats at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt f...
2017
Background: Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of Prosopis species in the treatment of diabetes in traditional medicine. This study was performed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effects of Prosopis farcta (P.farcta) in streptozocin- induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (55mg/kg). Male Wistar rats were treated with either P. farcta (100, 150, and 300 mg/kg.) or glibenclamide (10mg/kg) orally once a day for a period of 28 days. Control rats received saline. Changes in body weight and blood glucose were measured at the end of each week for 4 weeks. Results: The results of this study showed a significant increase in blood glucose, and decrease of body weight in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. P. farcta administration for 28 days in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats suppressed the weight reduction significantly in a dose dependent manner (P<0.001). Also, P. farcta, like glibenclamide, showed significan...
Advanced Biomedical Research, 2016
Background: The use of herbals in the treatment of diabetes mellitus is a well-established practice in traditional medicine. The medicinal plant Prosopis farcta has some antioxidant activity, which may be useful in diabetic patients. Since, there is no report on the antidiabetic effect of the P. farcta, this study evaluated antidiabetic activity of P. farcta bean extract (PFE) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Hyperglycemia was induced in male albino Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (55 mg/kg body weight [BW]), after which, the animals were randomly allocated into six experimental groups as follows: Group 1: Normal rats (received normal saline), Groups 2 and 3: Normal rats received PFE; (50 and 75 mg/kg BW), Group 4: Diabetic control rats, Group 5: Diabetic rats received PFE (50 mg/kg BW), Group 6: Diabetic rats received PFE (75 mg/kg BW). Three days after induction of diabetes, rats were received an extract of PFE orally for 12 days. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture to determine liver enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (AST and ALT), cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high and low density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL). Results: The administration of PFE (50 and 75 mg/kg) in STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly reduced the blood glucose levels when compared with the STZ-control group (227.2 ± 12.00 and 259.6 ± 7.03 vs. 454.6 ± 12.66, P < 0.001). PFE in diabetic groups had no significant effect on the levels of cholesterol, TG, HDL, LDL, AST, and ALT compare to the STZ-control group. Conclusion: P. farcta could reduce blood glucose in diabetic rats.
Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020
The aim of study was to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of extracts obtained from dried Prosopis farcta fruit and seeds against streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. According to the results, glucose, haemoglobin A1c, a-glycosidase activity, liver and kidney damage biomarkers, and malondialdehyde contents of all of the diabetic groups were found to have increased significantly according to the control group. Furthermore, the insulin and C-peptide secretions increased, and liver malondialdehyde level decreased, which were determined as the result of fluctuations in the antioxidant enzyme activities with a dose of 400 mg/kg fruit extract, while seed extract dosages of 100 and 400 mg/kg caused an increase in hepatic demage biomarkers. It was concluded that fruit extract may have insulin secretion stimulating and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects, whereas seed extract might have caused hepatocyte damage changes to the transport functions and membrane permeability of these cells, thus causing enzymes to leak.
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background and Objective: Prosopis farcta fruit (PFF) is known to have antioxidant activity. Antioxidants can reduce and prevent dyslipidemia and hyperglycemic in diabetic patients. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of PFF hydroalcoholic extract on some blood biochemical parameters in insulin resistance model of rats. Methods: In this experimental study, diabetes was induced by feeding the animals with fructose (12% w/v) and soybean (20% dry matter) for 6 weeks followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). The animals were divided into four groups: 1 and 2) Healthy and diabetic controls; 3 and 4) healthy and diabetic rats receiving PFF (100 mg/kg body weight). The blood samples were collected and the serum concentrations of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C and VLDL-C were investigated. Results: Streptozotocin increased serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL-C (P < 0.05), but PFF extract lowered the serum concentrations of these variables (P < 0.05) in diabetic rats. Conclusions: PFF extract might be useful for the treatment of hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic in diabetic patients.
Bioactivity-guided isolation of the antidiabetic principle in Pterocarpus Santalinoides leaf extract
Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2023
Pterocarpus santalinoides is used in Nigerian ethnomedicine to treat diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to establish the antidiabetic property of the plant, and isolate and characterize its active principle. Dried and pulverized leaves (500 g) of P. santalinoides were extracted with 1.8 L of 80 % hydromethanol by cold maceration. The dried extract (10 g) was partitioned into n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol, and water. Antidiabetic activitiy-guided isolation by column chromatographic separation of the EtOAc soluble and purification of the sub-fractions by repeated preparative thin layer chromatography (pTLC) yielded a C-glycosyl flavonoid, identified as isovitexin. The chemical structure was elucidated based on highresolution mass spectroscopy, 1D, and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analyses. Alloxan-induced diabetic rat model was adopted for antidiabetic screening. The extract of P. santalinoides (100-200 mg/kg), fraction F4 (50 mg/kg), sub-fraction F4.3 (10 mg/kg), and the semi-purified compound F4.3.2 (5 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the fasting blood glucose of alloxan-induced diabetic rats, causing 48.4, 69.4, 57.7 and 64.5 % antidiabetic activity respectively, compared with > 68 % recorded in glibenclamide (2 mg/kg) control. These results reveal that isovitexin is the antidiabetic principle in P. santalinoides.
Quarterly of Horizon of Medical Sciences
Aims: Diabetes is a common endocrine disorder that can lead to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of pod Prosopis fracta, on liver histopathology and tissue level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials & Methods: 45 male Wistar rats (200-300g) were divided into 3 groups; control, diabetic and Prosopis farcta extract treated diabetic. Type 1 diabetes was induced in by injection of streptozotocin (42mg/kg). One week after diabetes induction, Prosopis farcta extract (300mg/kg of body weight) was administered to treated diabetic group by gavage for 30 days. Hepatic histological changes were assessed with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining under light microscopy. The liver concentration of MDA was determined as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The obtained data were statistically analyzed using Students T and Mann-Whitney rank sum tests. Findings: Administration of Prosopis fracta extract decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde in liver tissue of treated diabetic group in comparison to diabetic group significantly (p<0.05). Inflation and vacuolation of hepatocytes were observed with disarrangement of hepatic cords and sinusoidal narrowing. All previous signs were improved in Prosopis fracta treated group. Conclusion: Hydro-alcoholic extract of Prosopis fracta pod can reduce the level of malondialdehyde as a marker of lipid peroxidation in liver and prevent the histopathological changes of liver associated with diabetes.
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2017
Three plants from indian origin like aerial parts of Schrebera swietenoides, roots of Barleria montana and aerial parts of Rotula aquatica were extracted with methanol and metanolic extracts were evaluated for antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin induced diabetes for their study. Oral administration of these plant extracts at different dose levels of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg were screened in comparision with the standard drug glibenclimide. Among these plant extracts, extract of Barleria montana at a dose of 400 mg/kg b.w exhibited significant activity within 4th and 8th hour intervals showing a reduction in blood glucose levels are 293.94± 4.63 and 235.04± 2.93 mg/dl. preliminary phytochemical screening also conducted which revealed presence of triterpenes, flavonoids and steroid
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Diabetes mellitus is rampantly increasing and the need for therapeutics is crucial. In recognition of this, untested antidiabetic agents are flooding the market. Diavite TM which is a product consisting solely of the dried and ground pods of Prosopis glandulosa (Torr.) [Fabaceae] is currently marketed as a food supplement with glucose stabilizing properties. However, these are anecdotal claims lacking scientific evidence. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of Prosopis glandulosa as an antidiabetic agent. Materials and methods: Male Wistar rats were rendered (a) type 1 diabetic after an intraperitoneal injection of STZ (40 mg/kg) and (b) insulin resistant after a 16-week high caloric diet (DIO). Zucker fa/fa ZDF rats were used in a pilot study. Half of each group of animals was placed on Prosopis glandulosa treatment (100 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks and the remaining animals served as age-matched controls. At the time of sacrifice, blood was collected for glucose and insulin level determination, the pancreata of the STZ rats were harvested for histological analysis and cardiomyocytes prepared from the DIO and Zucker fa/fa hearts for determination of insulin sensitivity. Results: Type 1 diabetic model: Prosopis glandulosa treatment resulted in significant increased insulin levels (p < 0.001), which was accompanied by a significant decrease in blood glucose levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, Prosopis glandulosa treatment resulted in increased small -cells (p < 0.001) in the pancreata. The body weight of the STZ animals decreased significantly after STZ injection, with Prosopis glandulosa treatment partially preventing this. Zucker fa/fa rats: Prosopis glandulosa treatment significantly reduced fasting glucose levels (p < 0.01) and improved IPGTT, when comparing treated to untreated animals. DIO insulin resistant model: Prosopis glandulosa treatment resulted in an increased basal (p < 0.01) and insulinstimulated (p < 0.05) glucose uptake by cardiomyocytes prepared from this group. Conclusions: The present study showed that Prosopis glandulosa treatment moderately lowers glucose levels in different animal models of diabetes, stimulates insulin secretion, leads to the formation of small -cells and improves insulin sensitivity of isolated cardiomyocytes.
SPJ, 2023
Background: The Ancient system of medicine showed the limelight on the use of herbal remedies and was found to possess minimal side effects and acceptable therapeutic outcomes. In this context, Prosopis juliflora gained importance in managing chronic diseases such as cancer, dermatological diseases, and chronic inflammatory disorders. Hence, P. juliflora was selected for further investigation associated with diabetes and inflammation. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity in chemically induced experimental rats and explore the nature of phytocomponents that may produce this activity. Methods: Experimentally, diabetes was induced by a single administration of streptozotocin at 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally in Wistar rats. The animals were treated orally with P. juliflora at low and high doses (200 and 400 mg/kg) for 10 days. Blood collected from the retro-orbital plexus was analyzed for parameters like blood glucose levels, insulin, adiponectin, PPARγ, Keap1, Nrf2, Glut 2 and AMPK. Besides, at the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed, and the pancreatic tissue sections were subjected for histopathological, morphometrical and immune histochemical exploration. The phytochemical composition of the plant was investigated by GC-MS. Results: The administration of P. juliflora higher dose showed a significant decrease (**p<0.001) in blood glucose levels with a rise in adiponectin, PPARγ, Keap1, Nrf2, Glut 2, and AMPK significantly (**p<0.001). The inflammatory cytokine TNFα was also estimated and was found to be lowered significantly (**p<0.001) in test drug-treated animals. Furthermore, in the pancreatic tissue, the number of Islets, the area, and the number of β-cells were improved significantly with the sub-chronic treatment of P. juliflora extract. The structure and function of β-cells were also revamped. Conclusion: The study results demonstrated a significant effect of P. juliflora on glycemic status, inflammatory condition, and the architecture of pancreatic tissue. In the identification and isolation process by GC MS, it was noticed that P. juliflora contained few phytochemical constituents from which it might be considered a promising drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus.