Phytochemical characterization, anti-cancer and antimicrobial activity of isolated fractions of Alysicarpus vaginalis (original) (raw)
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Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology
The methanolic extract of Alysicarpus vaginalis was selected for fractionation due to its known reported biological activity. The four fractions were separated and subjected for in vitro antimitotic and anti-proliferative assays along with anti-cancer activity on two human cancers cell lines (SK-MEL-2 and Hep-G2). The antimicrobial potential of fractions had been evaluated against bacteria and fungi. From the all fractions, acetone and n-butanol fractions were effective against the cell lines. They show strong inhibitory action with mitotic index 6.2 and 8.4 mg/mL and IC50 values of anti-proliferative assay in between 19.7 to 14.2 mg/mL respectively, which was found to be comparable to the standard methothrexate 5.9 mg/mL and 13.2 mg/mL respectively. In antimicrobial activity, the zone of inhibition had been observed in the range of 12-27 mm and MIC value was found in the range of 0.2-0.1 mg/mL. The acetone fraction was found to be most active against fungi, and E. coli whereas chloroform and n-butanol fractions were more effective against S. aureus and B. subtilis. The phytochemical characterization by HPLC analysis indicated the presence of important polyphenolic and steroidal compounds.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017
Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Alysicarpus vaginalis var. nummularifolius (DC) along with phytochemical analysis. Methods: The crude extract of hexane (AVH), ethyl acetate (AVE) and methanol (AVM) of Alysicarpus vaginalis var. nummularifolius (DC) were prepared and analysed for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. The cytotoxicity activity of the plant extracts was predicted using brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). The antimicrobial activity and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant extracts were examined against 5 bacterial and 2 fungal strains using agar well diffusion method, and two fold serial dilution method, respectively. Results: The phytochemical screening studies showed a higher concentration of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, quinones and terpenoids in AVM than the other two extracts. The LC50 value of AVH and AVE were found to be 900.05 µg/ml and 754.35 µg/ml respectively using BSLA while that of AVM was>1000 ug/ml. All the extracts of the plant showed antimicrobial activity against most of the test organisms. The MIC values of AVM were lower than AVE for all the microbial strains except for Pseudomonas aeroginosa where AVE (107.87µg/ml) exhibited higher value than AVM (51µg/ml). Conclusion: The present study concluded AVM with a high presence of phytochemicals. The AVE and AVM were found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards. The AVM exhibited lesser toxicity when compared with AVH and AVE.
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Objective: Alysicarpus monilifer (Family Papilionaceae) has been used in the Indigenous system of medicine in tumor removal. The present study was designed to isolate and identify the constituent responsible for cytotoxic (anti-tumor) effects of the plant Alysicarpus monilifer. Methods: The plant was powdered and extracted to give a methanolic extract. Initially, Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanolic fractions of the methanolic extract of the plant were subjected to cytotoxic screening using cell line based assay (MTT assay and NRU assay). The chloroform fraction showed significant cytotoxicity, so it was further subjected to column chromatography, to separate the cytotoxic phytoconstituent. The cell lines selected were breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) and Liver cancer cells (HepG2 and HLE cell). Results were calculated as percentage growth inhibition with respect to untreated (control) cells versus treated cells. Result: A triterpene, Betulinic acid, was isolat...
International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2017
Objective: The present study was carried to evaluate free radical scavenging activity and phytochemical analysis of successive extraction with hexane (AVH), ethyl acetate (AVE) and methanol (AVM) of Alysicarpus vaginalis var . nummularifolius (DC.) MIQ., a herb used in home remedies. Methods : The entire plant was dried and powdered, successively extracted (soxhlet apparatus) and concentrated using rotary vacuum evaporator. The extracts were quantitatively analyzed for phytochemicals like total phenolic, flavonoids, alkaloids and carbohydrates following standard methods. The free radical scavenging activity was evaluated with DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), nitric oxide radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging reactions. Results: The quantitative phytochemical studies of the crude extracts showed that AVM extract with highest phenolic, flavonoid, alkaloid and carbohydrate content which is followed by AVE and AVH. The IC 50 values of AVH, AVE and AVM for scavenging DPPH, nitri...
Phytochemical profiling of the bioactive principles of Alysicarpus glumaceus (Vahl) DC. aerial parts
2021
Background and Aims: Alysicarpus glumaceus is a plant used in Africa, Asia and some parts of the Arabian Peninsula with folkloric claims of having anti-tussive, anti-asthmatic, anti-diarrheal, abortifacient, anti-psychotic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and stimulatory activities. The aim of this study was to determine the phytoconstituents present in the methanol extract (ME) of Alysicarpus glumaceus and its fractions. Methods: Standard qualitative phytochemical screening methods such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were employed for the profiling of the plant and identification of the phytoconstituents. Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenes. GC-MS chromatogram showed a total of 57 peaks with 38 different compounds identified, out of which 15 of the compounds were fatty acids ma...
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi tarım ve doğa dergisi, 2020
The Alyssum L. genus which is spread in the Eastern Mediterranean is known by the public as 'Rabid weed' or 'Kevke'. Many of these species are seen as a way to prevent disasters such as erosion, both due to drought resistance and low soil selectivity. Also Alyssum known as 'Tooth weed', it has been used to reduce tooth sore, bladder stones and spasm. In this study, in order to examine antibacterial and antifungal activities, extracts obtained from three naturally growing plants (Alyssum caricum T.R.Dudley and Hub.-Mor., Alyssum discolor T.R.Dudley and Hub.-Mor. and Alyssum sibiricum Willd.) in Turkey were examined on seventeen bacteria and two fungal strains by disc diffusion method. In addition, antimicrobial activity was supported by the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) method. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1picrilhydrazyl) method was used to investigate the antioxidant activities of plant extracts, and crystal violet binding method was used to prevent biofilm formation. As a result, A. caricum ethanol extract showed the best effects in antimicrobial activities. None of plants were effective against fungi. A. sibiricum shows the best activity in antibiofilm activity and A. caricum was showed the best result in antioxidant activity.
SCREENING OF SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ALYSSUM FULVESCENS VAR. FULVESCENS KNOWN AS EGE MADWORT
Acta Biologica Hungarica, 2017
In this research, the phenolic composition, antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of the methanolic extracts obtained from Alyssum fulvescens var. fulvescens aerial parts known as Ege kudu-zotu in western Turkey, were firstly investigated. The antioxidant activity of the extract was determined by DPPH, metal chelating, phosphomolybdenum, β-carotene/linoleic acid and ferric reducing power assays. Moreover, total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract were investigated. The brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) lethality test was used to investigate for the possible cytotoxic activity of the extract. Microdilution broth method was used to study antibacterial potency of extract against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The extract exhibited good biological activities. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract were significantly correlated with antioxidant potentials. HPLC analysis showed that chlorogenic acid was the major phenolic in extract tested. The results indicated that the extract of A. fulvescens var. fulvescens may be considered as a potential source of biological agents and in vivo investigations are needed to test the biological effects of A. fulvescens var. fulvescens.
Ayurveda, the science of life, deals with the drugs of animal, herbal, or mineral origin. Drugs of plant origin occupy more than 90% of the constituents of the Ayurvedic formulations used during treatment. Due to over exploitation and non‑availability of medicinal plants, certain classical drugs are being substituted by locally available ethnomedicinal plants that are being claimed to possess similar activity by the tribal and local practitioners. The authentic source of Prishniparni is Uraria picta Desv. (Fabaceae) and is being substituted by Alysicarpus longifolius W. and A. Prodr. (Fabaceae) by some traditional healers of Gujarat (Saurashtra region). Both the plants are locally known by the names Samervo or Pithvan and both have similar characteristics with reference to leaves and flowers (inflorescence type). Pharmacognostical and Phytochemical evaluation of Alysicarpus longifolius W. and A. Prodr has been carried out and results are reported. Key words: Alysicarpus longifolius, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, Prishniparni, Samervo, Uraria picta
2014
This present investigation was undertaken to study antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol 80% extracts from Alnus rugosa L. aerial parts, as well investigate the bio-active compounds of each extract. Antimicrobial activity of the mentioned extracts against various bacteria and fungi using microdilution method, and cytotoxicity against five different human tumor cell lines, and in a non-tumor liver cells primary culture were tested. Extracts were subjected to phytochemical analysis and column chromatography eluted with different solvents, n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol gradually. The results showed that the extracts had a significant antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacteria and fungi, and proved a significant cytotoxic effect. Methanol 80% extract exhibited the highest antibacterial effect, and ethyl acetate extract was the most active as antifungal agent while dichloromethane extract showed the lowest antifungal effect. Dichloromethane extract was the most active against all the tested tumor cell lines. Chromatographic separation of dichloromethane extract of A. rugosa aerial parts resulted in the isolation and identification of -sitosterol, -sitosterol 3-O--glucoside and apigenin, while from ethyl acetate extract, diosmetin, naringenin, luteolin, and luteolin 7-O--glucoside were identified, and from methanol 80% extract, quercetin 3-O-␣-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin 3-O--glucoside and isorhamnetin 3-O--glucoside 7-O-␣-rhamnoside were identified. In conclusion, the present research provided significant information about antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities and compounds isolated from A. rugosa aerial parts extracts.