Liquid chromatography techniques for separation of flavonoids from Droseraceae (original) (raw)
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Secondary metabolites inin vitro cultured plants of the genusDrosera
Phytochemical Analysis, 2005
Extracts from plantlets of different species of the genus Drosera, grown as in vitro cultures, were evaluated for the level of phenolic secondary metabolites from the group of naphthoquinones and flavonols. The profiles of natural products in the extracts obtained from different species were monitored by HPLC with UV detection at 260 and 330 nm. On the basis of the data obtained, Drosera binata, the species with the highest amount of plumbagin, was selected for further studies. The most effective method of extraction of quinones was established and the composition of phenolic secondary metabolites in the tissues was determined. For the identification of phenolic compounds, HPLC-UV and HPLC-ESI/MS were applied.
Bot. Bull. Acad. …, 2004
Plants are a tremendous source for the discovery of new products of medicinal value for drug development. Today several distinct chemicals derived from plants are important drugs currently used in one or more countries in the world. Many of the drugs sold today are simple synthetic modifications or copies of the naturally obtained substances. The evolving commercial importance of secondary metabolites has in recent years resulted in a great interest in secondary metabolism, particularly in the possibility of altering the production of bioactive plant metabolites by means of tissue culture technology. Plant cell culture technologies were introduced at the end of the 1960's as a possible tool for both studying and producing plant secondary metabolites. Different strategies, using an in vitro system, have been extensively studied to improve the production of plant chemicals. The focus of the present review is the application of tissue culture technology for the production of some important plant pharmaceuticals. Also, we describe the results of in vitro cultures and production of some important secondary metabolites obtained in our laboratory.
Therapeutic Agents from Tissue Cultures of Medicinal Plants
Natural Products Chemistry & Research, 2013
Plants are being the important continuous source of pharmacologically active compounds, with many blockbuster drugs being derived directly or indirectly from plants. Despite the current occupation with synthetic chemistry as a vehicle to discover and manufacture drugs, the contribution of plants to disease treatment and prevention is still enormous. However several challenges have been associated with supply of biologically active pharmaceuticals from natural sources. Alternative avenues for plant products have gained prominence during the past few years and plant biotechnology has a major role to play in plant based industries. Recently the production of secondary metabolites using plant cells has been the subject of extended research. Plant cell culture can be obtained from any plant species. In such culture, each cell has all genes necessary for all the functions of a plant including secondary metabolism. Different strategies can also be applied for the improvement of secondary metabolite production. A recent development to overcome the difficulties arising with cell suspension cultures is the genetic transformation of plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Hairy roots have been found to be suitable for the production of secondary metabolites because of their stable and high productivity in hormone-free culture conditions. Plant transformed technology has now reached a platform of commercial reality. Here in this article we outline results of production of few bioactive secondary metabolites from in vitro cultures established in our laboratory.
2019
Plants are an incredible treasure of lifesaving drugs and other products of diverse applications. Plant tissue cultures can be established routinely under sterile conditions from explants like plant leaves, stems, roots, meristems, etc. for both ways for multiplication and extraction of secondary metabolites. Strain improvement , methods for the selection of high-producing cell lines, and medium optimizations can lead to an enhancement in secondary metabolite production. Production of natural as well as recombinant bioactive products of commercial importance through the exploitation of plant cells has attracted substantial attention over the past few decades. Swift acceleration in the production of explicit secondary metabolism compounds at a rate similar or superior to the intact plants has been discovered through innovative plant cell cultures in the last few years. In view of obtaining optimum yields suitable for commercial exploitation, isolation of the biosynthetic activities of cultured cells has been focused upon, which is being achieved by the optimization of the cultural conditions, selection of high-yielding strains, and employment of transformation methods, precursor feeding, and immobilization techniques. Production of secondary metabolites through hairy root system is based on Agrobacterium rhizogenes inoculation and has grabbed substantial attention during the past few decades as an efficient method of secondary metabolite production in the plant roots. Due to certain reasons like very slow growth of root systems of higher plants and very difficult harvesting, alternative methods of bioactive compound production have been utilized and promising results have been obtained.
Industrial Crops and Products, 2013
Hairy root induction in Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss was investigated as a method of producing rosmarinic acid and surface flavonoids, plant secondary metabolites well-known for their antioxidant and anticancer activities. The transformation of D. kotschyi hairy root lines induced by infection with Agrobacterium rhizogenes LBA 9402 was confirmed by PCR detection of rolC and aux1 genes, and their capacity to grow and biosynthesize rosmarinic acid and surface flavonoids was studied. Two types of morphology, typical hairy root and callus-like were observed in the induced root lines. The rolC and aux1 genes were detected in the genome of both morphological types of root lines, although aux1 was more frequently observed in callus-like roots. Our results showed the capacity of the obtained hairy root lines to produce rosmarinic acid and methoxylated flavonoids. Rosmarinic acid content in hairy root lines ranged from 10 to 1500 g/g DW, which at its peak was 15 times higher than in the intact control roots. Surface flavonoids were identified in most hairy root lines, some of which showed a surface flavonoid content higher than the roots of the whole plant but generally lower than the plant leaves.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2014
Approximately 80% of the world inhabitants depend on the medicinal plants in the form of traditional formulations for their primary health care system well as in the treatment of a number of diseases since the ancient time. Many commercially used drugs have come from the information of indigenous knowledge of plants and their folk uses. Linking of the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants to modern research activities provides a new reliable approach, for the discovery of novel drugs much more effectively than with random collection. Increase in population and increasing demand of plant products along with illegal trade are causing depletion of medicinal plants and many are threatened in natural habitat. Plant tissue culture technique has proved potential alternative for the production of desirable bioactive components from plants, to produce the enough amounts of plant material that is needed and for the conservation of threatened species. Different plant tissue culture systems ...
Plant Cell and Organ Culture Methods for Production of High Value Phytochemicals from Plants
—Plants are rich source of beneficial phytochemicals like alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, phenolics, sweetners, bittering agents, pigments and perfumes. These plant-derived chemicals are used in large number of industrial products, including agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and food additives. There is a continued commercial demand for these naturally available chemicals in food and pharmaceutical industries. In vivo production of phytochemicals is mainly achieved by field cultivation of plants. It is difficult to cultivate some plants outside of their original ecosystems. The isolation of these high value compounds through the extraction of organs and seeds of whole plants is difficult and costly. Low yield of secondary compounds from field grown plants, slow growth and variability in accumulation of product have made in vitro culture methods preferred choice for secondary metabolite production. Many studies have reported in vitro production of these bioactive compounds from plants using cell, tissue and organ culture methods. Various methods like free cell suspension culture, immobilization, elicitation, biotransformation and hairy root culture has been developed to produce and accumulate these compounds under in vitro conditions. Most of the studies are focused on development of cost effective and efficient methods for large-scale culturing of plant cells, tissues or organs and harvesting of commercially important phytochemicals. The purpose of this paper is to provide brief overview of plant cell and organ culture methods used in literature for enhanced production of high value plants derived compounds.
Plant cell and organ cultures as a source of phytochemicals
Research Signpost eBooks, 2015
Plant cell and organ cultures constitute a promising platform for the production of numerous valuable secondary compounds. Currently, in vitro culture techniques involve both empirical and rational approaches as suitable strategies to condition high metabolite production and establish competitive plant cell-based bioprocesses. In this context, we have developed hairy root cultures of Panax ginseng, and engineered hairy root cultures of Duboisia, Datura metel and Hyoscyamus spp and plant cell cultures of Centella asiatica and Taxus spp. This chapter describes our work on the development of two different biotechnological systems to improve taxol production in cell suspension cultures of Taxus spp and ginsenoside production in hairy root cultures of Panax ginseng.