Estudio biodirigido de un extracto alcohólico de frutos de Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz (original) (raw)
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The Cucurbitaceae family represents an important group of domesticated plants including the genera Cucumis, Momordica, Luffa, Lageraria, Citrullus, and in Central America Cucurbita and Sechium stand out because of their nutritious and economic value. Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw., commonly called chayote, is highlighted in this review. The importance of chayote is based on the growing commercial demand of the fruit and its large-scale production in Mexico and Costa Rica, and to a lesser extent, in Guatemala, Brazil, Puerto Rico, Algeria, India, New Zealand, and Australia. Chayote comes from the cloud forest of Mexico and Central America, the central region being the State of Veracruz, Mexico, where the largest infraspecific variation has been identified, recently classified in botanical varieties with different shape, color, and flavor. Despite the large variety, only the chayote called smooth green (Virens levis) has been utilized for large-scale commercial exploitation. For this variety, research has been carried out with respect to traditional and commercial production systems , ecophysiological behavior, disease identification and diagnosis (under field and storage conditions), postharvest technology, medicinal and nutraceutic use, and regulations for international trade, topics referred to in this review.
Chemical Constituents of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz
Der Pharma Chemica, 2014
Chemical investigation of the dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz led to the isolation of a mixture of trans-cinnamic acid (1a) and phenylacetic acid (1b) in 3:2 ratio, 3-octadecenoic acid (2), trilinolenin (3), and α-linolenic acid (4). The structures of 1a, 1b and 2 were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The structures of 3 and 4 were identified by comparison of their 1H and 13C NMR data with those reported in the literature.
Journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research, 2015
The objectives of this research were to study antio xidant activities from various fruit extracts of th ree organs of S. edule using two methods of antioxidant assays which were DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and CUPR AC (Cupric ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity) and corr elation of their total flavonoid, phenolic and caro tenoid content with IC50 of DPPH antioxidant activities and EC 50 of CUPRAC capacities. Extraction was performed by reflux apparatus using different polarity solvents. The extracts were evaporated using rotary evaporat or. Antioxidant capacities were tested using DPPH and C UPRAC assays. Determination of total phenolic, flav onoid and carotenoid content was performed by spectropho tometer UV-visible and their correlation with IC 50 of DPPH scavenging capacities and EC 50 of CUPRAC capacities were analyzed by Pearson’s me thod. Ethyl acetate pedicel extract of S. edule (PD2) had the lowest IC 50 of DPPH scavenging activity 1.3 μg/ml, while ethyl acetate fruit...
Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of fruit on Sechium edule
2010
Vegetables and fruits contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity such as phenols and flavonoids, carotenoids, ascorbate, alimentary fiber, selenium and many substances with antiatherogenics and anticarcinogenics properties. The purpose of this work is to assess some bioactive constituents and the antioxidant activity of the Sechium edule (Jacq) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae) fruit. Total phenol content was higher (p <0,001) in pulp (Sep):124.83mg/100g than seed (Ses): 86.36mg/100g. The antioxidant activity were estimated by: nitric oxide scavenging activity (NO), DPPH radicalscavenging activity (DPPH) and β-carotene bleaching method (β-carotene). The values expressed as percentage (%) corresponds to Ses and Sep respectively: NO 47.51 ± 1.9 and 55.62 ± 1.3; DPPH: 88.87 ± 1.1 and 89.13 ± 1.5 and β-carotene, 63.32 ± 1.5 and 53.15 ± 1.4. The studied samples have important radical scavenging activity and inhibited lipid peroxidation in vitro. We concluded that the present study pro...
Antimicrobial Activity of Nine Extracts of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz
Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease, 2003
The antimicrobial properties of Sechium edule (Jacq) Swartz alcoholic extracts obtained according to the Farmacopea Argentina (6th edn) were tested against bacteria of clinical relevance as nosocomial pathogens. To evaluate antibacterial activity, the disc diffusion assay was carried out with several gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212). This assay was suitable for the screening of a large number of extracts at one time. All ethanolic extracts showed activity against gram-positive bacteria. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined with a microdilution assay. The highest activity was obtained with the 80% aqueous-ethanolic leaf extract (MIC values of 4.16 Á/8.32 m g/ml against staphylococci and enterococci) and with the 96% ethanolic seed extract (MIC values of 8.32 Á/16.64 m g/ml and/8.32 m g/ml against staphylococci and enterococci, respectively). The results indicate that both fluid extract and tincture have very good antimicrobial efficacy against all strains of multiresistant staphylococci and enterococci. In this study the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were identical to the MIC values or twofold higher than the corresponding MIC. This may indicate a bactericidal effect. Stored extracts have similar anti-staphylococcal and anti-enterococcal activity to recently obtained extracts. The results obtained might be considered sufficient to warrant further studies aimed at isolation and identification of the active principle.
Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Patterns in Twelve Sechium edule Varieties
2021
Fruit pulp of twelve Sechium edule Indian accessions were analyzed for phenolic acid and flavonoid constituents. The quantitative evaluation was performed using liquid chromatography mass spectrophotometer method, which showed significant differences in the composition of phenolic acids and flavonoids among accessions. Vanillic acid was the predominant phenolic acid in most of the accessions ranging from 269.28 to 4080.82 μg/g. High amounts of vanillic acid in accession SEC-11 (4080.82 ± 130.92 μg/g) and SEC-06 (1825.46 ± 24.54 μg/g), protocatechuic acid (1736.59 ± 94.90 μg/g) in SEC-09 and syringic acid (1676.97 ± 70.35 μg/g) in SEC-20 was detected respectively. The highest amount of flavonoid present was catechin in the accessions SEC-36 (75.83 ± 4.37 μg/g) followed by SEC-20 (19.43 ± 0.64 μg/g). Data were analyzed using principal component analysis method and the obtained scoring plot showed that all nine accessions had formed one cluster. Discrimination of metabolic profiles of different S. edule accessions using principal component analysis showed that accessions grouping was consistent with the LC-MS results obtained. This method of estimation of metabolites can be successfully employed enabling genetic grouping of S. edule accessions in an effective manner for breeding studies.
Varietal Descriptors for the Distinction of Underutilized Varieties of Sechium edule (Jacq) Swartz
Plants
Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) is a species native to Mexico and Central America. The collection, characterization, and evaluation of accessions maintained in genebanks is essential for the conservation of this species. However, there are no specific varietal descriptors that differ from those used in a phenetic approach and are adapted to international registration guidelines to help distinguish, improve, cluster, and protect intraspecific variants of common use and those obtained by breeding. Therefore, 65 morphological descriptors (qualitative and quantitative) were evaluated in 133 accessions obtained from Mexico, Guatemala, and Costa Rica located in the National Germplasm Bank of S. edule in Mexico. These characteristics were observed to be phenetically stable for five generations under the same agroclimatic conditions. In addition, an analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was applied to 133 samples from a set of 245 accessions. According to the m...
Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research, 2018
Context: The Sechium edule fruit is grown and consumed because of their nutritional values in different countries of Latin America. Costa Rica is one of the most important producers and exporters. It is consumed as an antioxidant because its flavonoid content suggests such activity; however, the selection of varieties to crop does not involve the phytochemical profile of them. Aims: To characterize the phytochemical and antioxidant profile of the S. edule varieties grown in Costa Rica. Methods: The in vitro radical scavenging activity of different S. edule extracts were measured using DPPH and ORAC assays, as well as their inhibition of lipid peroxidation in rat liver and their redox potential by cyclic voltammetry. Flavonoids glycosides were isolated by HPLC and their structures were determined by NMR.Results: The S. edule varieties grown in Costa Rica showed a good radical scavenging activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation; there were significant differences between varieties. In addition, the redox potential determined by electrochemical methods suggested the presence of flavonoids, which was confirmed by the isolation of apigenin 7-O-rutinoside and luteolin 7-O-rutinoside. Conclusions: The antioxidant potential of varieties of S. edule grown in Costa Rica was confirmed, identifying the 845 variety as the best antioxidant profile.
International journal of pharmaceutical sciences review and research, 2023
Sechium edule, known as Chayote, belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is also grown worldwide in tropical and subtropical regions. Because of its medicinal benefits, Chayote is being used as a traditional medicine in different areas of the northeast. Chayote fruit and vegetables show practical components people use in their regular diet. The current review revealed that the plant's edible parts could be used to treat different illnesses due to the presence of other secondary metabolites. The plant has also been shown to possess several pharmacological properties. The toxicological report in the present review also documented that the plant Sechium edule does not contain any neurotoxic or genotoxic metabolites, which will contribute to the toxicological information. Different parts of the plant, such as young stems and seeds, are also consumed in various forms due to the presence of proteins and vitamins. The plant has also shown high contents in aspartic, glutamic acid, alanine, proline, serine and valine which recommends that the plant can offer medicinal benefits and be used in hospital diets.
Pharmaceutical biology, 2017
Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) is used in ethnomedicine, but the diversity of the varietal groups of this species has not often been considered. This is important because we previously reported that different variety of species exhibit different activities across different tumor cell lines. This study investigates the chemical composition and biological activities of extracts obtained from S. edule var. nigrum spinosum. The leukemia P388 cell line and mononuclear bone marrow cells (MNCBMs) were treated with the extract at a concentration ranging from 40 to 2370 μg/mL for cytotoxicity and viability assays. CD-1 mice were treated with 8-5000 mg/kg extract and monitored every hour for the first 24 h and subsequently for seven days for signs of toxicity (LD50). In addition, the chromatographic profile of the extract was determined by HPLC. The extract inhibits the proliferation of both P388 cells and MNCBMs, with IC50 values of 927 and 1911 μg/mL, respectively, but reduced th...