COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF SEVEN NIGERIAN MEDICINAL PLANTS (original) (raw)
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Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants
International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
Medicinal plants play an essential role in the development of human life. Medicinal plants are used by local people to cure various diseases. All the plants in this study were biologically active and were used for different ailments. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds obtained from the plant and are widely applied in the traditional herbal medicine. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals is a valuable step in the detection of bioactive principles present in medicinal plants and may lead to novel environmentally friendly drug discovery. The objective of the study was to screen such phytochemicals in selected Nigerian medicinal plants. Fresh plant material (leaves) were collected and processed prior to phytochemical screening. Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponin, tannin, steroids, phenols and protein distribution in six medicinal plants belonging to different families were assessed and compared using aqueous and ethanolic leave extract. The medicinal plants investigated were Parkia biglobosa, Boswellia dalzielli, Carica papaya, Bridelia feruginea, Acalypha wilkesinia and Anogeissus leiocarpus. It was observed that almost all the plant leave extract (aqueous and ethanolic) contains the important phytochemicals like alkaloids, saponin, tannin and phenol. It was concluded that the plants studied were rich in phytochemicals with significant pharmacological and medicinal applications. Hence, the use of the medicinal plant should be encouraged.
Phytochemical screening of ten Nigerian medicinal plants
The purpose of the present study is to show the quantity and quality of ten Nigerian medicinal plant used in Nigeria and African for both tradition Alternative medicine and also, serves as an encouragement for the production of new antibiotics locally and the importance of natural endowed gift of nature. The ten medicinal plant are Pseudocedrela kotschyi, Anogeissus leiocarpus, Terminalia glaucescens, Garcina kola, Zanthoxylun Lessmamul, Sarcorcephalus latiolia, Olax subcorpidica, Alchornea laxiflora, Spondia mombin and Morinda Lucida. It was observed that all ten plant contains the important phytochemical like Alkaloids, Phenols, Flavonoids, Saponins, Essential oil and Tannins at appreciable quantity and quality. The use of medicinal plant should be encouraged.
Journal of Anesthesiology, 2018
Nigeria is naturally blessed with both savannah and tropical rainforests vegetation and these offer a wide distribution of plants believed to possesses secondary metabolites which are responsible for treating or curing various diseases. Several researches have been carried out in order to explore and identify the chemical compositions responsible for various pharmacological activities in Nigerian medicinal plants. This paper discussed the meaning and historical development of medicinal plants. A brief account of phytochemicals (alkaloids and flavonoids) were also given. The plants presented in this paper confirmed the pharmacological activities of these plants and includes;
Phytochemical and bioactivity screening of six Nigerian medicinal plants
2017
Traditional herbal medicines play an important role in the health maintenance in developing countries, and higher plants continue to be promising sources of new medicines. In this work, we have extracted and screened six Nigerian medicinal plants for biological activity. Chloroform extracts from the aerial parts of Aristolochia ringens, the bark of Chrysophyllum albidum, the stems of Costus afer, the leaves of Opilia celtidifolia, the bark of Terminalia catappa, and the bark of Vitellaria paradoxa, were obtained and screened for phytochemical constituents, antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities. Aristolochia ringens showed excellent antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus and good antifungal activity against Candida albicans. A. ringens was also cytotoxic to Hep-G2 and MCF-7 cells. Chrysophyllum albidum showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and cytotoxic activity to Hep-G2 cells. Costus afer showed good cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 cells and...
Phytochemical constituents of some Nigerian medicinal plants
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2005
Alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroid, terpenoid, flavonoids, phlobatannin and cardic glycoside distribution in ten medicinal plants belonging to different families were assessed and compared. The medicinal plants investigated were Cleome nutidosperma, Emilia coccinea, Euphorbia heterophylla, Physalis angulata, Richardia bransitensis, Scopania dulcis, Sida acuta, Spigelia anthelmia, Stachytarpheta cayennensis and Tridax procumbens. All the plants were found to contain alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids except for the absence of tannins in S. acuta and flavonoids in S. cayennsis respectively. The significance of the plants in traditional medicine and the importance of the distribution of these chemical constituents were discussed with respect to the role of these plants in ethnomedicine in Nigeria.
Comparative Studies on the Phytochemical Properties of Five Nigerian Medicinal Plants
Aims: This work investigated the phytochemical composition of five Nigerian medicinal plants and the significance of the phytochemicals with respect to the treatment of diseases were discussed. Study Design: Fifteen phytochemicals were qualitatively analysed from the plants ethanolic extracts while five out of these were quantitatively determined. Place and Duration of Study: 2 presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, steroids, terpenoids and carboxylic acids in all the plants ethanolic extracts. A. indica contained all the phytochemicals except coumarin, while there was the absence of anthraquinone, phlobatannin, and quinone in A. sativum. Phlobatannins was also absent in C. papaya and P. guajava extracts. There was also the absence of anthraquinone and cardiac glycosides in P. guajava and Z. officinale respectively. Resins were not detected in the plants extracts of C. papaya and Z. officinale. The quantitative analysis of the five selected phytochemicals revealed that there was significant difference in the mean values of alkaloids and flavonoids contents of the plants at P<0.05. P. guajava however, had the highest alkaloids content (1.90±0.02%) while A. sativum had the highest flavonoids content (4.20±0.02%). A. indica contained the highest phenols and tannins, (0.36±0.01%) and (2.63±0.01%) respectively. Saponins was found highest in A. sativum (2.60±0.02%). Conclusion: The results justified the medicinal potentials of these plants in the treatment of diseases.
Phytochemical and ethnobotanical study of some selected medicinal plants from Nigeria
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012
This study involves the phytochemical screening and ethnomedicinal survey of twenty-three medicinal plants belonging to thirteen families commonly found in Nigeria. Semi-structured interviews and discussions with selected informants were adapted to collect ethnobotanical information on the plants. It was discovered that all of them possess alkaloids, tannins and saponin. Steroid is present in only twelve of the plant species, only five have phlobatannin; terpene is present in twenty of the plants, flavonoid is present in nineteen of the plants, while cardiac glycoside is present in sixteen of the species. Leea guineensis and Uvaria chamae were the only plants among the 23 plant samples that contain all the eight phytochemicals tested. The phytochemical present in the samples were juxtaposed with their ethnomedicinal significance, and from this, several suggestions were deduced on the secondary metabolites responsible for the pharmacological actions of the plants. Conclusively, it could be said that the ethnomedicinal significance of the selected plants for this study corresponds to the pharmacological actions of the secondary metabolites they contain.
Comparative phytochemical and ethnomedicinal survey of selected medicinal plants in Nigeria
Scientific Research and Essays, 2012
Phytochemical screening and ethnomedicinal survey of twenty-two medicinal plants distributed in fifteen different families were carried out in order to know the distribution of secondary metabolites and the diseases being treated with these plants. It was discovered that alkaloids, tannins and saponin were present in all. Flavonoid was absent only in Peperomia pellucida; five out of these plants lack terpene, ten of them have steroid; eleven of them have cardiac glycosides while only four of these twenty-two have phlobatannin. The ethnomedicinal survey revealed a wide range of human ailments being treated with these plants, ranging from eye infections, respiratory infections, inflammations, urinary diseases, jaundice, anaemia, arthritis to diabetes and dysentery. This study therefore, justifies the ethnobotanical significance of the plants by the presence of secondary metabolites, which if extracted, can be of significant medicinal usefulness in the synthesis of bioactive drugs. Therefore, the findings of this study are recommended for further screening to identify specific photochemical compounds of medicinal significance for bioprospecting and pharmaceutical production.
Ten medicinal plants including Aframomumme leguata, Chromolaenaodorata, Cissampelousowariensis, Pergulariadaemia,Perquetinanigrensis, Ocimumbascilicum, Ocimumgratisimum, Tithorniadiversifolia, Venoniaamygdalina, Zingiberofficinale used for curing different ailments in the Oye Local Government area of Ekiti Stat, Nigeria were examined in this study. The contents of all the plants were found used for different types of ailments. The plants were found to contain alkaloids, saponin, tannins, phylobatanins, flavonoids, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. Also the quantitative analysis was conducted to reveal amounts of phytochemicals in these plants. Results obtained revealed that ethnobotanical information obtained from these plants could constitute a baseline for the production of synthetic drugs from them.
Preliminary Studies on Some Medicinal Plants in Girei, Adamawa State of Nigeria
British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2015
Ten medicinal plants' parts (roots, stembarks, and leaves) were studied to assert their suitability for use in pharmaceutical industries as raw materials. The presence (qualitative analysis), concentration (quantitative analysis) and antimicrobial activities of such phytochemicals as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steriods, phlobatannins, terpenoids, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides (CGs) were carried out on the extracts from the plants' leaves, stembarks and roots. Result indicates an interesting presence of all the phytochemicals in the medicinal plants (i.e. in either of the studied parts), although there are slight variation in the composition of the plant parts. Averagely, tannins shows the highest amount in all the plant studied, followed by alkaloids, while steriods, terpenoids, phlobatannins and cardacglycosides which together constitutes the general phenol shows the least amount. Antimicrobial test reveals the activities of the phytochemicals in the different plant parts, and these has justified the use of the plants in the synthesis of bioactive drugs and hence their medicinal significance for bioprospective and pharmaceutical productions.