Structure Modeling of Machine Tools and Internet-Based Implementation (original) (raw)
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2009
3 Abstract: Modelling and simulation are crucial techniques for the success of recon- figurable machine tools as manufacturing devices. This paper treats the effi- cient modelling and analysis of different machine configurations using en- capsulated submodels, called predefined structural module models. The focus of the presented research lies on the automated generation of the simulation model and on the reliability of the obtained results. The paper gives an over- view of the underlying modelling methodology. It describes the procedure for obtaining a machine model using predefined modules and for analysing it. The development of physical prototype modules is discussed. These are meant to allow the validation of the proposed reconfiguration procedure.
The machine tool model—A core part of the digital factory
CIRP Annals- …, 2009
Machine tool models – the core parts of manufacturing systems – are important for many purposes during development of new or existing systems, from investment, through process planning, NC, layout design, usage, to end of life. Today a lot of important machine tool information is not managed and stored for easy reuse. A machine tool modelling approach is presented and structured in line with principles for generic standards utilizing a manufacturing system ontology for modelling machine tool concepts. It forms a contribution to management of information and knowledge in manufacturing.
The automation processes industry has become increasingly expensive, which is why some small and medium sized enterprises are incapable of buying machine tools with automatic systems. This means that their processes are manual in many cases, and as a result they often have to rework their developed products due to the lack of precision and efficiency in their production processes. Considering that current manufacturing systems with variable machining and turning centers are gradually replacing dedicated systems for medium lot size production, the production systems' basic element, the machine tool, must be capable of working at high speeds with precision, and it must be reconfigurable. These systems must also be compatible and convertible in order to create economic benefits for customers. This article describes a specific software architecture designed to record all the data, information and knowledge concerning manufacturing systems. The software allows for the creation of a new knowledge database and works with it in the reconfiguration of machine tools depending on the rules, requirements and parameters needed to effectively modify production processes or products.
Machine tool configuration and analysis on the base of virtual interactive prototyping
International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM), 2014
Reconfigurable machine tool concept allows rapid changes in the machine structure aiming the increasing its market responsiveness. The reconfiguring time need to be as limited as possible, otherwise the advantage of responsiveness will vanish. Paper proposes a method for machine configuration and analysis based on virtual interactive prototyping. The scope of the current research is to help design engineers make better decisions regarding the reconfigurable machine tools by providing an appropriate reconfiguration method. A method of virtual interactive prototyping of reconfigurable machine tools is present as regard hypothesis, key ideas, algorithm, and practical application phases. For the method feasibility assessment is developed a proof of concept demonstrator. Finally, is concluded that the method is suitable for implementation of the reconfigurable machine tool concept.
A Unified Manufacturing Resource Model for representation of CNC machine tools
2011
The capability of any manufacturing system primarily depends on its available machine tools. Thus machine tool representation is a vital part of modelling any manufacturing system. With the rapid advances in Computerised Numerical Controlled (CNC) machines, machine tool representation has become more challenging task than ever before. Today's CNC machine tools are more than just automated manufacturing machines; as they can be considered multipurpose , multi-tasking and hybrid machining centres. This paper presents a versatile methodology for representing such state of the art CNC machining system resources. A machine tool model is a conceptual representation of the real machine tool, and provides a logical framework for representing its functionality in the manufacturing system. There are several commercial modelling tools available in the market for modelling machine tools. However, there is no common methodology among them to represent the wide diversity of machine tool configurations. These modelling tools are either machine vendor specific or limited in their scope to represent machine tool capability. In addition, the current information models of STEP-NC namely ISO 14649 can only describe machining operations, technologies, cutting tools and product geometries. However, they do not support the representation of machine tools. The proposed Unified Manufacturing Resource Model (UMRM) has a data model which can fill this gap by providing machine specific data in the form of an EXPRESS schema and act as a complementary part to the STEP-NC standard to represent various machine tools in a standardised form. UMRM is flexible enough to represent any type of CNC machining centre. This machine tool representation can be utilised to represent machine tool functionality and consequential process capabilities for allocating resources for process planning and machining.
Modelling and Implementation of Internet-Based Virtual Machine Tools
The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2003
A key factor for realising an Internet-based virtual manufacturing system (VMS) and virtual enterprise (VE) is how to represent the manufacturing elements and process mechanics precisely and effectively. This paper presents methods to represent the motion paths and operation of CNC machine tools on the Web. The method is composed of: 1. Geometrical modelling of the machine tools. 2. Kinematic modelling of the movements of machine tools. 3. Representation of the developed model in the internet infrastructure. 4. Development of a prototype Web-based virtual machine tools (WVMT). WVMT is available on the internet URL http://wvmt. postech.ac.kr, by which the client can interactively operate CNC machine tools, and verify the part program via graphic simulation.
A web-based virtual CNC turn-milling system
This paper presents a different web-based virtual turn-milling system, which aims to address the common problems of existed systems. The system has not only economical value, such as shortening product cycle from design to market, but also scientific interest, like proposing a new trajectory planning method. In other words, it helps sellers and buyers better understand products and enables planners and machinists to make decision or verify CNC codes much more accurate and faster. This system is made up of three levels, which is client browser, server, and database, and every level is divided into several specified functions. Among all the functions, turn-milling simulation function is the most crucial part. To enhance the system's features, many sub-function modules are also adopted in simulation functions. Through these modules, the system implements material removal function, tool trajectory planning function, numerical control (NC) code inputting and compiling function, and so on. To realize these functions, the whole machining system is developed by using the network superiority of Java language and Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) technology interaction, which will also lead to smaller data volume. Owing to the transportability of Java language and VRML technology as well as the good under-standability of the system, this web-based virtual turn-milling system is also suitable to the dynamic demonstration and machining simulation of other NC machine tools. Some future research directions are given to perfect the system in the end.
Development of a novel 3D simulation modelling system for distributed manufacturing
Computers in Industry, 2004
This paper describes a novel 3D simulation modelling system for supporting our distributed machine design and control paradigm with respect to simulating and emulating machine behaviour on the Internet. The system has been designed and implemented using Java2D and Java3D. An easy assembly concept of drag-and-drop assembly has been realised and implemented by the introduction of new connection features (unified interface assembly features) between two assembly components (modules). The system comprises a hierarchical geometric modeller, a behavioural editor, and two assemblers. During modelling, designers can combine basic modelling primitives with general extrusions and integrate CAD geometric models into simulation models. Each simulation component (module) model can be visualised and animated in VRML browsers. It is reusable. This makes machine design re-configurable and flexible. A case study example is given to support our conclusions.
From Open CNC Systems to Cyber-Physical Machine Tools: A Case Study
Procedia CIRP
In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analysis methods are needed. Indeed, most of the known methods aim to analyze a product or one product family on the physical level. Different product families, however, may differ largely in terms of the number and nature of components. This fact impedes an efficient comparison and choice of appropriate product family combinations for the production system. A new methodology is proposed to analyze existing products in view of their functional and physical architecture. The aim is to cluster these products in new assembly oriented product families for the optimization of existing assembly lines and the creation of future reconfigurable assembly systems. Based on Datum Flow Chain, the physical structure of the products is analyzed. Functional subassemblies are identified, and a functional analysis is performed. Moreover, a hybrid functional and physical architecture graph (HyFPAG) is the output which depicts the similarity between product families by providing design support to both, production system planners and product designers. An illustrative example of a nail-clipper is used to explain the proposed methodology. An industrial case study on two product families of steering columns of thyssenkrupp Presta France is then carried out to give a first industrial evaluation of the proposed approach.
Manufacturing preparation by use of product model in computer
Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 1984
This paper describes the general concept and the framework of a product model for design and manufacturing preparation. Machining preparation, such as process and operation planning, generation of NC cutter path, and geometrical and physical simulation of the machining operation, made by utilizing information stored in the preceding stages, are implemented at each stage. Finally the use of information is shown in a product model for off-line programming of robots and for geometric and physical simulation of robot operation.