Comparative Anthelmintic Efficacy of Caesalpinia Crista, Nigella Sativa and Oxfendazole in Broilers with Experimentally Induced Ascaridia Galli Infection (original) (raw)
Related papers
Aqueous and ethanol extracts of four indigenous medicinal plants namely neem (Azadirachta indica),pan (Piper betle), papaya (Carica papaya\ and korolla (Momordica charartia) were evaluated in aitro anthelmintic activity on adult Ascaridia galli. The research work was conducted in the Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July, 06 to November, 06. Evaluation of freshly prepared aqueous extract of five plant materials revealed in oitro wormicidal properties and the ethanol extract of selected plant materials showed almost similar results against adult Ascaridia galli. A significantly higher efficacy was recorded in 1% aqueous extract of korolla (whole) and 2h aqueous extract of neem leaves. Ethanol extract of korolla (whole) and neem leaves also showed higher efficacy but not significantly different from others. The results show that active anthelmintic ingredients are more concentrated in korolla (whole) than neem leaves. The aqueous solutions of korolla (whole) and neem leaves preparation have significantly increased anthelminthic activity than that of alcoholic extracts. Both of these plant preparations could easily be prepared by farmers. By following the accurate dose of aqueous extract solution of korolla (whole) and neem leaves, the farmers of our country can cheaply control the adult A. galli infection in indigenous chickens.
Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
The antiascarid activity of Caesalpinia crista Linn. seeds, popularly known as Karanjwa, was evaluated in chickens of the Fumi breed, suffering from artificially induced Ascaridia galli infection. Eggs per gram (EPG) counts were determined in the droppings of chickens prior and after treatment with powdered C. crista at doses of 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg of body weight along with its extracts in water and methanol in amounts representing 50 mg/kg of crude powder. The crude drug at the dose rates of 40 and 50 mg/kg and its methanol extract induced a significant (P < 0.001) effect on post-treatment days 10 and 15 while the 30 mg/kg dose was efficacious (P < 0.05) on day 15 only. However, the aqueous extract did not show significant results. These results suggest that a 50 mg/kg dose of C. crista seed powder, its equivalent methanolic extract and piperazine (200 mg/kg) are equieffective in treating the ascarid infection of poultry. The crude C. crista powder appears to be potent and sa...
Veterinary World, 2019
Aim: Intestinal parasites cause severe diseases at poultry farms, especially in developing countries, including Indonesia. Infections cause significant decreases in productivity at poultry farms. Ascaridia galli is a common nematode found in chickens with a prevalence of up to 92%. This study evaluates the in vitro and in vivo effects of Areca catechu crude aqueous extract (AAE) as an anthelmintic against A. galli. Materials and Methods: In the in vitro study, already-infected slaughtered chickens were collected from local slaughterhouses in Yogyakarta. The chicken intestines were carefully examined and transported to the Parasitological Laboratory of Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. A. galli was collected from the intestines and put into a Petri dish containing 0.62% saline solution. Sixty A. galli individuals were soaked in different concentrations of the AAE for 3-6 h. The number of deceased A. galli was recorded by ascertaining whether they had ceased movement using a stereo microscope. The morphological characteristics of the parasites were studied. The in vivo study used 40 female chickens that were 1.5 months old and infected with the eggs of A. galli. Approximately 3000 infective eggs were found in each chicken. There were four treatment groups; Group A served as the control and was treated with Aquadestilata, Group B was treated with 26 mg/ml of AAE, Group C was treated with 79 mg/ml of AAE, and Group D was treated with 50 mg/ml of pyrantel pamoate. The AAE was applied using a pipette for 14 days. The observed parameters include the effect of the treatments on hematology, body weight (BW), and the number of A. galli eggs within each gram of fecal matter. Results: The AAE damaged the morphology, including the anterior end, posterior end, and vulva, of A. galli in vitro. The tegument of the anterior and posterior ends was slightly rougher, wrinkled, and damaged. The vulva and spicule ducts were irregular and indistinct. The average eggs per gram (EPG) in the untreated control increased in vivo from 1450±355.90 to 1975±325.96. The average EPG decreased from 1485±386.62 to 0±0.00 during 14 days of treatment of 79 mg/ml of AAE. The mean BW gain in the treated chickens was significantly (p<0.5) higher than the control. The treatment with 79 mg/ml of AAE increased the total erythrocyte count, total leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume values in the chickens. Conclusion: AAE can cause morphological changes and subsequent death in adult A. galli in vitro and effectively decrease ascariasis severity in chickens, therefore increasing overall BW in vivo.
Bulletin of the National Research Centre
Background Helminthiasis, usually a chronic problem in poultry, is the major cause of economic losses in the poultry industry. This study was undertaken with the aim of evaluating the in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic effects of Vernonia amygdalina methanol leaf extract and fractions on Ascaridia galli in experimentally infected birds. Standard protocols for extraction, phytochemical screening, isolation and infection of parasite and histological examination were followed. Result At 50 mg/ml albendazole (ALB) caused the highest inhibition of embryonation (97.3%) followed by crude methanol extract (CME) (94.5%), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (81.3%) and butanol fraction (BF) (80.3%). The lowest faecal egg counts (FEC) and highest FEC at 21 days post-treatment were observed in the group treated with albendazole (99.2%) and CME at 800 mg/kg (96.9%). Deparasitization at 200 mg/kg caused by ALB was (93.8%), while at 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg, CME was (77.5%, 87.5% and 91.86%), BF was (75.51%...
2008
Comparative anthelmintics efficacy of whole korolla fruit (Momordica charantia) extract and ivermec ® pour on was evaluated in vitro and in vivo on adult Ascaridia galli of indigenous chicken. The total trial chickens (60) were divided equally into 3 groups; group A as control, group B treated with ivermec ® pour on @ 500 µg/kg bwt by dropper through skin absorption for single dose and group C treated with 3% aqueous extract of korolla. Freshly prepared aqueous extract of the korolla fruit was performed as wormicidal properties against adult A. galli on in vitro and in vivo study. 3% aqueous extract of korolla fruit was treated as higher efficacy against A. galli. The live body weight was increased in chicken after treatment in group B and C respectively but in control group body weight was slowly decreased. TEC (million/cu mm), Hb (gm %) and PCV (%30 minutes) were increased significantly in chickens of treated groups whereas ESR was increased in control groups.
Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 2021
This study was to assess the anthelminthic potential of Sterospermum kunthianum leaf extract against Ascaridia galli in experimentally infected broiler chickens. The extract and fractions were evaluated for in vitro inhibition and in vivo anthelmintic effects. Acute toxicity studies of extract revealed no sign of toxicity or death in birds at oral dose range of 1000–5000 and was considered safe. There was a concentration dependent decrease on inhibition of A. galli egg embryonation and deparasitization. At 100 mg/ml, albendazole (ALB) caused the highest inhibition of embryonation (195.3 ± 0.9) which was not significantly different from the decrease caused by crude methanol extract (CME) (188 ± 0.9), hexane fraction (HF) (177 ± 1.2) or ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) (168.3 ± 0.9). The highest inhibition rates (%) were 97, 94, 88 and 85 for ALB, CME, HF and EAF, respectively. The deparasitization obtained at day 21 in ALB (95.62%) treated birds was not significantly (P > 0.05) different from the 81.27% and 89.24% obtained from the crude methanol treated birds. The deparasitization caused by CME at 400 mg/kg (89.24%) was significantly higher than the one caused by EAF at the same dose (50.19%). Day 21 post treatment, significantly (P < 0.05) higher deparasitization was recorded for CME and HF at dosage of 400 mg/kg when compared to 200 mg/kg. Histopathology findings revealed necrosis of the mucosal gland and villi in chickens. In conclusion, the leaf extract and fractions S. kunthianum have been shown to possess anthelmintic activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES, 2021
Limited substantiations are available supporting the pharmacological properties of herbal plants utilized in ethnoveterinary medication which remained sustainable in local communities in spite of advancements in animal health today. This study evaluated through in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic assays the folkloric use of Chrysophyllum cainito and Psidium guajava, which are among the selection of documented florae in the Philippines being used in ethno-veterinary medicine. In vitro anthelmintic evaluation showed time-dependent and concentration-dependent efficacies. The ovicidal action of Chrysophyllum cainito bark ethanolic extract at 60mg/ml has recorded 94.65% inhibition capacity, whereas Psidium guajava bark ethanolic extract generated 92.64% and 96.28% efficacies at 30mg/ml and 60mg/ml dilutions, respectively. The wormicidal activity of the former elicited 88.88% at 60mg/kg, while the latter yielded 88.88% and 94.44% mortalities to worms at 30mg/ml and 60mg/ml dilutions, correspondingly. Probit analysis on the lethal concentration (LC50) against eggs and worms was logged at different magnitudes for both plants. In vivo assessment by means of fecal egg count reduction (FECR) rate has signified biologically, that the tested plants undoubtedly possess anthelmintic property.
Efficacy of neem leaf extract against ascariasis in indigenous chicken
2014
The efficacy of a medicinal plant neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves and a reference anthelmintic (piperazine) was evaluated against adult Ascaridia galli in chicken in vitro and in vivo. The aqueous extracts of neem leaves and a rage of piperazine concentrations were screened for their anthelmintic effects against Ascaridia galli in indigenous chicken. The data revealed that the aqueous extract of neem leaves showed significant anthelmintic efficacy at a dose rate of ranging from 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml, 4 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml against the chicken ascariasis. Shortest time of parasite paralysis was observed at dose rate 20mg/ml. Piperazine was incubated at the dose rate of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 4mg /ml to adult worms. Shortest time of parasite paralysis was observed at dose rate 4mg/ml. Using the extract of neem leaves at a dose of 1gm/kg body weight (bd. wt.) and piperazine at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight single dose for seven consecutive days showed gradual increase of efficacy up to day ...
The research was conducted to investigate the comparative therapeutic efficacy of Ivermectin and Piperazine citrate against Ascaridia galli in commercial layer birds and rural poultry. Two experiments were conducted, each representing commercial layer birds and rural poultry, respectively. Each experiment consisted of 4 groups of 15 birds each, named A, B, C, D, (Experiment-1) and W, X, Y and Z (Experiment-2). At first, Albendazole was administered, @ dose of 14mg /kg, in all birds to make them parasite free. In groups A, B, C, W, X and Y, Ascaridia galli infection was inoculated, PO, @ dose rate of 2500 embryonated eggs/bird, using a crop tube. Five birds, from each treatment group were euthanized at day 28th of confirm parasitic infestation. Ivermectin @ dose rate of 200μg/kg was given PO, in birds of treatment groups A and W and Piperazine citrate, @ dose rate of 32 mg/100 kg, PO, in birds of treatment groups C and Z. At post treatment day 5th and 10th, five birds were euthanized from each group to detect the comparative therapeutic efficacy of anthelmintic used. Piperazine citrate presented better efficacy against Ascaridia galli as compared to Ivermectin.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture, 2019
The study aimed at investigating the population, the protein profile and the ultrastructure of adult worms in the intestine of domestic chicken treated using Areca catechu crude aqueous extract. Fifty domestic female chickens of 6 weeks of age were assigned to 5 groups. Group A (negative control) was not given any treatment and any drug. Groups B, C and D were given the treatment at the doses of 26 mg/mL, 53 mg/mL and 79 mg/mL, respectively. Group E (positive control) was given Pyrantel®. Necropsy was conducted to all of the chickens 14 days after the treatment. Adult worms were collected and counted. The worms used in Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were those collected from the jejunum of the chickens in the groups A, B and C. The biggest number of the worms was found in the jejunum. The results of electrophoresis showed that the dose 53 mg/mL gave fewer protein bands than the negative control (21:12 ratio...