Chitosan-hydroxyapatite composite obtained by biomimetic method as new bone substitute (original) (raw)
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Preparation and characterization of chitosan and hydroxyapatite composite
International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 2024
Chitosan and hydroxyapatite (HAp) composites were prepared at different ratios (60% chitosan & 40% HAp, 50% chitosan & 50% HAp, 40% chitosan & 60% HAp). The mixtures are dissolved in a 2% acetic acid solution and heated to about 60°C-70°C with continuous stirring for about 1 hour. After that, the solutions are naturally dried on heat-sealing paper placed above a glass sheet. After about 24 hours, chitosan and hydroxyapatite composite films are prepared. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed that Hydroxyapatite is mainly found at lower wave numbers in the range 400-600 cm-1. X-ray diffraction patterns were showed, the crystalline properties of the composites increase with Hydroxyapatite. Differential Thermal Gravimetry (DTG) analysis of the composites indicated that the material is thermally stable up to 300°C. This paper aims to review the literature concerning chitosan-hydroxyapatite composites for bone restoration and discuss the primary methods of preparation and mechanical properties of these materials.
Properties of chitosan-hydroxyapatite Composites Review
Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopedic surgery. The importance of chitosan and calcium phosphates has grown significantly over the last two decades due to its renewable and biodegradable source, also because of the increase in the knowledge of its functionality in the technological and biomedical applications. The excellent biocompability, biofunctionality, and non-antigenic property make the chitosan an ideal polymer material for tissue regeneration. The biomaterials compositions for hard tissue regeneration in many different shapes are deriving from the junction of two or more different materials, containing organic and inorganic substances, which could be used as implants in orthopedic surgery for a scaffolds base for medical applications.
Chitosan–hydroxyapatite composites
Carbohydrate Polymers, 2013
Bone repair or regeneration is a common and complicated clinical problem in orthopedic surgery. The importance of natural polymers such as chitosan and its derivatives, and minerals such as calcium phosphates has grown significantly over the last two decades due to its renewable and biodegradable source, increasing the knowledge and functionality of composites in technological and biomedical applications. The properties of bone in health and disease attract much attention. A great proportion of the population need those medical devices for hard tissue regeneration and/or replacement, the pressure on the health systems in all countries became substantial.
Molecules, 2021
The aim of this work was to fabricate novel bioactive composites based on chitosan and non-organic silica, reinforced with calcium β-glycerophosphate (Ca-GP), sodium β-glycerophosphate pentahydrate (Na-GP), and hydroxyapatite powder (HAp) in a range of concentrations using the sol–gel method. The effect of HAp, Na-GP, and Ca-GP contents on the mechanical properties, i.e., Young’s modulus, compressive strength, and yield strain, of hybrid composites was analyzed. The microstructure of the materials obtained was visualized by SEM. Moreover, the molecular interactions according to FTIR analysis and biocompatibility of composites obtained were examined. The CS/Si/HAp/Ca-GP developed from all composites analyzed was characterized by the well-developed surface of pores of two sizes: large ones of 100 μm and many smaller pores below 10 µm, the behavior of which positively influenced cell proliferation and growth, as well as compressive strength in a range of 0.3 to 10 MPa, Young’s modulus ...
Properties and Structure of Microcrystalline Chitosan and Hydroxyapatite Composites
Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology, 2014
The skeletal system in the human body is very important, provides support and gives shape to the body and provides a network between all soft tissues. The most common problems in hard tissues are bone fractures, defects or diseases which needed to be treated. The developments in artificial bone area seem to solve most of the hard tissue problems, on the other hand artificial bones themselves may cause other problems and in many cases they do not have sufficient mechanical properties and/or good biocompatibility. The importance of chitosan and its derivatives like microcrystalline chitosan has grown significantly over the last two decades due to its renewable and biodegradable source, and also because of the increase in the knowledge of its functionality in the technological and biomedical applications. The excellent biocompability, biofunctionality, and non-antigenic property make the chitosan and its derivatives as a microcrystalline chitosan an ideal material for tissue regeneration. To improve the suitability of chitosan for bone tissue engineering, the composites of MCCh and hydroxyapatite were studied. In the present work the characterization of the MCCh and composites with HAp in form of films and sponges, is based on physico-chemical tests, morphology, structure, particle size of HAp powder and distribution in the polymer matrix. The compositions with film and sponge shape are derived from the junction of two different materials, containing organic and inorganic substances. All sponge preparations, with HAp/MCCh have a well-shaped 3-dimensional structure, which could be used as implants in orthopedic surgery for a scaffolds base for medical applications.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2022
Highly-porous composite structures based on chitosan (CS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) have been prepared using the freeze-gelation method. Biomimetic HA powder was rst synthesized by a wet precipitation method using natural phosphate (NP) ore as a source of calcium and phosphorus ions. The powders and scaffolds have been characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, Rietveld re nement studies, scanning electron microscopy and cell viability test. The raw precipitated powder was composed of HA and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). In the obtained powder Mg 2+ , SiO 4 2− , Sr 2+ , Na + , and Fe 2+ ions were detected as a result of using NP mineral as precursor. After heat treatment over 750°C, β-tricalcium phosphate Mg substituted (β-TCMP) was detected. The culture of human embryonic kidney cells indicated non cytotoxicity of the as-prepared powder. CS/HA scaffolds with different weight ratios (100/0; 90/10; 80/20; 70/30) have been prepared. The CS/HA scaffolds have shown highly porous structure with well interconnected pores and homogeneously dispersed HA particles. Swelling capacity measured in physiological conditions has shown that the addition of HA into the CS matrix e ciently decreased the swelling percentage of the CS/HA scaffolds. The results obtained suggest that composite scaffolds prepared using CS and biomimetic HA derived from an abundant raw material may have effective potential as biocompatible materials for bone tissue engineering.
Research Square (Research Square), 2021
Highly-porous composite structures based on chitosan (CS) and hydroxyapatite (HA) have been prepared using the freeze-gelation method. Biomimetic HA powder was rst synthesized by a wet precipitation method using natural phosphate (NP) ore as a source of calcium and phosphorus ions. The powders and scaffolds have been characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, Rietveld re nement studies, scanning electron microscopy and cell viability test. The raw precipitated powder was composed of HA and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). In the obtained powder Mg 2+ , SiO 4 2− , Sr 2+ , Na + , and Fe 2+ ions were detected as a result of using NP mineral as precursor. After heat treatment over 750°C, β-tricalcium phosphate Mg substituted (β-TCMP) was detected. The culture of human embryonic kidney cells indicated non cytotoxicity of the as-prepared powder. CS/HA scaffolds with different weight ratios (100/0; 90/10; 80/20; 70/30) have been prepared. The CS/HA scaffolds have shown highly porous structure with well interconnected pores and homogeneously dispersed HA particles. Swelling capacity measured in physiological conditions has shown that the addition of HA into the CS matrix e ciently decreased the swelling percentage of the CS/HA scaffolds. The results obtained suggest that composite scaffolds prepared using CS and biomimetic HA derived from an abundant raw material may have effective potential as biocompatible materials for bone tissue engineering.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composites
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing, 2015
Hydroxyapatite (HAp)/chitosan (CS) composites were synthesized via a one-step co- precipitation method from aqueous solution, with the use of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4). CS was obtained via partial deacetylation of chitin with the use of strong sodium hydroxide solution. Composites were prepared with various HAp/CS ratios (30/70, 50/50, 70/30, 85/15) for comprehensive comparison of their properties. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT- IR) analysis showed that hydrogen bonds were formed between the organic matrix and the mineral compound, confirming a successful phase interconnection. X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained, enabling examination of the crystalline properties of the composites, including HAp identification. The porous structure parameters of the composites were investigated, and morphological analysis (SEM) was performed. Differential Thermal Gravimetry (DTG) analysis of the composites indicated that the material is th...
Chitosan-nanohydroxyapatite composites: mechanical, thermal and bio-compatibility studies
International journal of biological macromolecules, 2015
Bionanocomposites of chitosan were prepared with nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) using 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as coupling agent. The tensile and flexural properties for 8% nHA loading showed optimal values. Compressive modulus also considerably increased from 525.16 MPa (0% nHA) to 1326.5 MPa with 10% nHA. Surface functionalization of fillers along with the addition of HEMA as coupling agent led to enhanced mechanical properties similar to human bone. The mechanical properties were further analyzed using micromechanical theories which indicated good interfacial adhesion between the matrix and fillers. The composites showed cytocompatibility. Multiple layers of apatite formation have been observed when the nanocomposites were soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF). Hence, these composites showed potential for bone substitute applications.
International Journal of Biomaterials, 2009
A novel bioanalogue hydroxyapatite (HAp)/chitosan phosphate (CSP) nanocomposite has been synthesized by a solution-based chemical methodology with varying HAp contents from 10 to 60% (w/w). The interfacial bonding interaction between HAp and CSP has been investigated through Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra (FTIR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface morphology of the composite and the homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix have been investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. The mechanical properties of the composite are found to be improved significantly with increase in nanoparticle contents. Cytotoxicity test using murine L929 fibroblast confirms that the nanocomposite is cytocompatible. Primary murine osteoblast cell culture study proves that the nanocomposite is osteocompatible and highly in vitro osteogenic. The use of CSP promotes the homogeneous distribution of par...