EVALUATION OF PYROLYSIS OIL FROM PLASTIC AND SOLID WASTE BIOMASS (original) (raw)
Related papers
2020
A design that emphasizes simplicity and cost-effectiveness is applied to the plastic pyrolysis reaction system to produce liquid fuel. The reactor is fabricated from the waste refrigerant tank. The energy source for pyrolysis is generated by the combustion of biomass pellets. Forced convection by an electric blower is utilized to enhance the combustion efficiency and thus increase the heating rate with the overall average temperature at 412 °C. The coiled pipe is employed as a condenser system with water as its cooling media. The quantity of liquid product is measured for a different mass of PET-type plastic waste feed, with a maximum value of 17.7% w/w of feed mass is obtained. The physical characteristic of the liquid product is then analyzed using standard methods. It is found that its characteristics have approached the specification of commercial liquid fuel in the domestic market, with a liquid specific gravity of 0.776 and a heating value of 46 MJ/kg.
2004
A laboratory scale fluidized bed pyrolysis system has been designed and fabricated for obtaining liquid fuel from biomass solid wastes. The components of the system are: fluidized bed reactor, gas preheating chamber, reactor feeder, heating system, heater feeder, liquid condenser and liquid collectors. The reactor operating parameters and dimensions have been considered on the basis of cold model study and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the feedstock. The major components made of stainless steel. A number of trial runs have been carried out with jute-stick as feedstock. At an optimum pyrolysis condition of fluidized bed temperature of 425 o C with 300-600µm feed particle size and 30 l/min fluidizing gas flow rate, the oil product is found to be 50 wt% of dry biomass feed. The oil obtained at this optimum condition is analyzed for their fuel properties-compared with other biomass pyrolysis oils and petroleum product. The fuel properties compared are physical properties, calorific value, elemental (CHNOS) analysis and chemical composition using FTIR spectroscopy.
Now-a-days production of Bio-fuel is a prime concern in the world due to decrease other fuel source. The conversion of devdaru seeds into pyrolytic oil by fixed bed reactor has been taken into consideration in this study. A fixed bed pyrolysis system has been designed and fabricated for obtaining liquid fuel from biomass solid wastes. The major components of the system are: fixed bed reactor, liquid condenser and liquid collectors. The devdaru seeds in particle form is pyrolized in an externally heated 7.6 cm diameter and 46 cm high fixed bed reactor with nitrogen as the carrier gas. The reactor is heated by means of a cylindrical biomass source heater. Rice husk, cow dung and charcoal are used as the energy source. The products are oil, char and gas. The parameters varied are reactor bed temperature, running time and feed particle size. The parameters are found to influence the product yields significantly. The maximum liquid yield is 51 wt% at 5000C for a feed size of <1.18 mm at a gas flow rate of 5 liter/min with a running time of 90 minute. The pyrolysis oil obtained at these optimum process conditions are analyzed for some of their properties as an alternative fuel. We get the higher heating value of devdaru seeds oil is 24.22 MJ/kg. The heating value of the oil is moderate. Abstract-Now-a-days production of Bio-fuel is a prime concern in the world due to decrease other fuel source. The conversion of devdaru seeds into pyrolytic oil by fixed bed reactor has been taken into consideration in this study. A fixed bed pyrolysis system has been designed and fabricated for obtaining liquid fuel from biomass solid wastes. The major components of the system are: fixed bed reactor, liquid condenser and liquid collectors. The devdaru seeds in particle form is pyrolized in an externally heated 7.6 cm diameter and 46 cm high fixed bed reactor with nitrogen as the carrier gas. The reactor is heated by means of a cylindrical biomass source heater. Rice husk, cow dung and charcoal are used as the energy source. The products are oil, char and gas. The parameters varied are reactor bed temperature, running time and feed particle size. The parameters are found to influence the product yields significantly. The maximum liquid yield is 51 wt% at 5000C for a feed size of <1.18 mm at a gas flow rate of 5 liter/min with a running time of 90 minute. The pyrolysis oil obtained at these optimum process conditions are analyzed for some of their properties as an alternative fuel. We get the higher heating value of devdaru seeds oil is 24.22 MJ/kg. The heating value of the oil is moderate.
Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste for Liquid Fuel Production
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2021
Due to rapid industrialization as well as increase in medical waste, plastic waste which is non-biodegradable is increasing day by day. Plastic waste management was found to be done by several methods such as plasma process, incineration and pyrolysis out of which catalytic pyrolysis was found to be most economical as it gives alternative for non-renewable sources of energy. Fuel oil can be produced from several raw materials such as biomass, plastic, tyres etc. here polypropylene was used as raw material due to its low melting point also it gives higher calorific value fuel oil. Batch reactor has certain drawbacks as compared to continuous rectors such as manpower requirement, char getting accumulated inside reactor, higher residence time, less pure oil, higher operating temperature etc. in this review various reactors used for pyrolysis have been discussed along with effect of parameters affecting the pyrolysis. Non-condensable gases can be used to heat reactor and minimize waste heat loss.
Design of Pyrolysis Reactor for Waste Plastic Recycling
There is an increase in the production and consumption of plastics in day to day life. All plastics are disposed as waste after their usage. The need to intervene through proper disposal and management of waste plastics is very crucial. These call the use of thermal pyrolysis, which is a way of making these wastes to become very useful to us by recycling them to produce fuel oil. In this study, the pyrolysis reactor was design and manufactured for recycling of waste plastic into fuel working by the principle of thermal pyrolysis process. Three experiments are carried out to test the proper function of the reactor. It was found that about 84% of fuel obtained from one kilogram of plastic at temperature of 360°C. The feed stock that was used for the experiment was plastic wastes of polyethylene with different proportion LDPE and HDPE. The method feeding the feedstock to the reactor was by opining the top cover of the reactor for every batch. The reactor was heating externally using furnaces built for the purpose and at the outlet of reactor the condenser is attached to condense the vapors coming out of it. The reactor temperature was controlled by thermocouple sensor fixed inside the reactor and this sensor connected to an external PD controller. A separation procedure of fuel was employed by controlling the internal temperature of the reactor. Three types of fuel obtained from these experiments which are similar to gasoil, kerosene and diesel temperature range from 130°C-230°C, 230°C-270°C and 230°C and above respectively. The fuel obtained from the experiment tested and characterized in national petroleum supply enterprise laboratory and meet the physical and chemical characteristic of fuels for different applications.
Pyrolysis of Plastic Waste into The Fuel Oil
2019
Plastic distillation with pyrolysis method is one of the ways that can be used to convert plastic waste into useful chemicals and fuel oil. The purpose of this research is to design a simple plastic waste distillation design model, knowing the oil yield that can be obtained and the calorific value of oil from plastic distillation. The distillation device consists of a 12-liter volume reactor and a condenser with 0.5-inch copper pipe formed spiral with a total length of 1.5 meters and liquid cooled. The test was carried out with 2 kg Polyethylene Terephthalate type plastic material per process with 3 variations of temperature of 300 ° C, 350 ° C, 400 ° C and using LPG as fuel. The test results, the highest amount of oil produced is 49 gr at a pyrolysis temperature of 400 ° C with the heating value obtained from the distillation oil is 1537 J / gr.
International Journal of Process Systems Engineering, 2016
Thermoplastics are converted to hydrocarbon fuels in a chemical reaction called pyrolysis. The work highlights the energy consumption using Aspen HYSYSV8.8 simulations in each process stage starting with granulation, preheating, pyrolysis reactor and condensation as major process steps concluding that the highest required heat duty which is around 61% in the pyrolysis reactor thus having the highest operating cost. Aspen HYSYS is used to calculate energy consumption in each stage. The design is 10 tonne/hour of thermoplastic mixture. Pyrolys is reactor operating temperatures are 550°C at atmospheric pressure. The condensation system shows recovery duty of 3.4 MW of which can be used to heat cold streams. Pinch analysis was also carried out to design a heat exchanger network (HEN) between hot and cold streams in order to reduce energy consumption. Heat recovery from pyrolysis reactor effluent gases shows possible3.439 MW recovery in a 10 tonne per hour pyrolysis plant.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTAION OF A LABORATORY-SCALE PYROLYSIS COMBUSTOR FOR BIOMASS CONVERSION
In this paper, a semi-auto pyrolysis system is fabricated and the fast pyrolysis of biomass residues process was done by using different temperatures. There were three main products that were obtained from the process which were the bio-oil, bio-char and non-condensable gases. The effects of the temperatures in the biomass pyrolysis on the products were studied and compared. The vertical fluidized bed reactor with the dimensions of 1000mm length and diameter ID 25mm was used in carrying out the pyrolysis experiment. Under the experimental conditions of temperature 500ºC, the maximum bio-oil yield obtained was 52.79 wt %, the optimum bio-char yield was 35.11 wt% at the temperature of 450ºC and the highest yield of bio-gases was 58.88 wt% at the temperature of 600ºC. In this study, bio-oil analysis was conducted based on the American Society Testing and Material (ASTM) methods. The pH value obtained was in the range of 2.20 to 2.74, the pour point of the bio-oil was-11ºC, the cloud point was-9ºC, the density calculated was 1054.92kgm-3 and the kinematic viscosity of the bio-oil was 1.61mm 2 s-1 .
Production of Conventional Fuel from Plastic Waste and Biomass by Pyrolysis
IRJET, 2022
The conversion of waste plastic into liquid fuel is an unintended outcome of the progress made toward more sustainable waste management. The best and optimum way to convert waste plastic is to do pyrolysis process by creating oxygen free atmosphere. This is an effective measure by converting waste plastic into combustible hydrocarbon liquid as an alternative fuel. The plastics used in this process include polypropylene, polyethylene and high-density polyethylene. In some trials, plastics were copyrolyzed with other materials such as biomass (rice husk). The fuel obtained was of high yield and could be brought in use for commercial purpose after creating a setup for large scale production. In our process we got nearly 65% yield of fuels. The quality of fuel after the process of pyrolysis of plastic and co-pyrolysis of plastic + biomass, is compared to conventional diesel fuel after purification to check the similarity between two. The fuel samples were analyzed through FTIR and the components present were identified. This oil, after purification, can be readily used in industries to heat the boilers. We believe that modifications in our process and use of biomass reduced the time required to carry out the process, increased the fuel yield. Residue was converted into Nanosilica by acid treatment which has a wide use as an adsorbent in industries. Thus, two problems such as waste plastic management and fuel shortage could be tackled simultaneously and hence through this method we could reduce the damage caused to the environmental.
Conserve: Journal of Energy and Environmental Studies, 2017
The objective of the research was to investigate the influence of heating rate and temperature in the reactor on the yield and properties of pyrolysis oil obtained from waste plastic bag, that is considered as low-density polyethylene (LDPE). The experiments were performed in fixed bed reactor equipped with a steam atomizing burner, a temperature controller, and a condenser. Approximately, the amount of ten kilograms of waste plastic bag loaded into the reactor chamber and then pyrolyzed using the temperature between 250 and 450°C and heating rates of 5 to 15°C/min. The results showed that as the oil yield decreased, the heating rate increased. Alternatively, the oil yield increased with temperature and the wax content decreases as the temperature increases. The highest quantity of pyrolysis oil was produced from waste plasctic bag is 45%, in the temperature 450oC and the heating rate 15°C/min, with wax content of 25%, solid char of 12 % and non-condensable gas of 41%. The physical ...