Investigating of Residents Empowering in Physical and Environmental Improvements in Informal Settlements (original) (raw)
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2015
Informal settlement in Iran, like many countries of the world, is a growing phenomenon. Weakness of macro programs for low-income housing has provided the opportunity for the formation of informal settlements. These places, while saving low-income residents, leave negative effects on urban life and developments. The empowerment approach is among the approaches that instead of financial support reduces the negative effects of informal settlements emphasizing on the nature of the problem. This study with the aim of prioritizing the needs of the residents of Foroodgah district of Yazd develops and provides a good model for its organization and empowerment. The research method is descriptive-analytical and it is developmental and applied. Data were gathered through documentary and library studies as well as questionnaires and applying factor analysis, the needs of the community were prioritized and empowerment solutions were presented. Findings of the study revealed that informal settle...
Increasing presence of informal settlements in past decades in Iran shows the inefficiency of devices and exerted policies to encounter them in those decades. Undoubtedly the demolition of such settlements considered as a part of socialeconomical asset of the cities destroys economical asset of low income groups and meanwhile it is an inhuman action. Formalization of informal settlement in itself doesn’t prepare better servicing conditions, increasing private investment, or resolving economical, social and cultural problems. It seems to cooperate with low income groups and take policies and perform programs toward their benefits and Strengthening them is one of directives to encounter this problem. This research is after surveying the relation between people’s literacy level and the quality of their participation for Strengthening the neighborhood. Method of this research is descriptive-analytical and it uses documentary and field study and also uses “SPSS” statistical analysis method for statistical calculations and information analysis. The results show that there is a meaningful relation between people’s literacy level and the quality of their participation for Strengthening the neighborhood
The informal settlements are the most part of the city affected from climate change consequence, insecurity, violence and lack of adequate housing, as the urban poor of the informal settlements may face more difficult challenges than the residents of other formal settlements. In general, the city is facing high urban growth and rapid urbanization rate as well due to both internal migration and transition migration from neighbor countries. At the same time, the situation of urban poverty, informality and inequality is increasing. In fact, there are growing vulnerabilities among slum dwellers in four informal settlements as a consequence of frequent intense rain, strong winds and droughts and slum dwellers of these informal settlements are the most community sectors exposing to these hazards due to lack of adequate housing and infrastructure. On the other hand, housing becomes expensive and non-affordable for the urban poor due to lack of suitable land in risk free zoon and land speculation. At the same time the citizen are facing insecurity situation and violence actions. Tensions regarding listing the priorities of developments are rising due to conflict of interest among community sectors. As well many community sectors are excluded from local planning and development process. That’s not to say that community sectors such as urban poor lacks the knowledge about their problems. In fact, they have knowledge and potentials to tackle their problems. But there should be a space for them to act and be urban actors in achieving inclusive development. As well, take the advantage of funds opportunities delivered by International Aid Agency. Dealing with these challenges required a well structure local participatory asset planning in order to come up with inclusive democratic outcome, poverty reduction solutions and asset adaptation strategy to climate change. The participatory platform techniques should then engage different stakeholders such as local financial institution, local community initiatives, households’ initiatives, the community based organizations, affected communities, International Aid Agency (IAA), International Development Consultant Agency (IDCA) and local governments in the four informal settlements to address the common urban development agendas that meet the needs of people, condition of institutions and interest of local authorities. Taking the reality that The International Aid Agency sets a £3 million to finance housing and infrastructure improvements for a period of three years under the following conditions; 1) Preferably to be for areas facing high poverty severe weather impacts, 2) Engaging the urban poor of four informal settlements in planning process, 3) Strengthen existing community and household initiatives, 4) Community and local authority to cover part of the cost 5) Fund of £0.3 can be used to create revolving fund for housing improvement purpose In general, The International Aid Agency prefers to associate these conditions with the impacts of severe weather. So, it’s recommended to take these conditions in advantage in all planning process, alongside with high consideration for the impact of severe weather. The embassy of the neighbor country where many people living in the informal settlement are coming from have to be engaged in the planning process along with the external migrant as many of them can still be refugees living in informal settlements due to lack of citizenship rights. So theY can be considered a part of stakeholders.
2022
The continued growth and expansion of informal settlements in developing countries has of late been attributed to the high rate at which these countries (especially those in the sub-Saharan region) are urbanising. This urban growth usually results in an increase in the price and demand for housing. Unfortunately, the population that cannot afford access to decent and secure housing end up settling in informal and squatter settlement where economic, social and environmental unsustainability thrives. However, there is a phenomenon that has emerged where informal settlements have begun to transform themselves into sustainable communities without the sole intervention of local authority and government. This transformation is being facilitated by various undocumented actors and new, better and conventional houses have been observed in settlements such as the study area, Mulenga Compound an informal settlement in the city of Kitwe on the Copperbelt Province of Zambia. This study sought to investigate the transformation of informal settlements into sustainable communities, and to establish the actors and the specific roles, the activities and processes and how economically, socially and environmentally sustainable these changes are. In order to establish this, the study employed a qualitative approach. The main instruments for data collection were structured interview schedules and observations. The tool for the analysis was descriptive statistical methods. All stakeholder institutions found were consulted on their views regarding the transformation of informal settlements into sustainable communities. The main stakeholders were Kitwe City Council and various institutions. The sampling of 70 residents was randomly done while purposive and convenience method was used to collect data from the institutional actors. The findings pursued to attain the research objectives designed for the study. This was an attempt to answer the research questions of the study. It was revealed that the Government through the Local Authority is fully involved in carrying sustainable projects those specific to attaining Sustainable Development Goals number 1. Achieving zero poverty, number 6, access to clean drinking water for all and number 11 access to affordable housing for all. However, the study also found that the environmental aspect of sustainability had not been fully addressed in the study area. The study also recommended the need for deliberate action to enhance community participation in realizing Sustainable Development. Key Words: Transformation, Informal Settlements and Sustainable Communities
2012
Extended abstract 1-Introduction Marginalization or as today interpretation informal settlement is the outcome of rapid urbanization and transition to socio – economic paradigm of industrialization while urbanization is the prominent spatial form and parallel with socio – economical aspec of this paradigm. In the past decades from the beginning of information society this phenomenon is so developed as if there is a commitment to its eternity and reproduction. In the past decades along with doing programs and plans of functionalistic and linear socio – economic development, with liberalist sight, everybody expected to resolve problems through hidden hand of market and laissez fair
From Informal Settlements to sustainable communities
Alexandria Engineering Journal, 2017
Informal Settlements and urban informality is a serious and common problem in Third World countries. These settlements are not marginal actors in the real estate market. They play an important role affecting greatly the housing supply and demand market. In Egypt, Informal Settlements emerged in and around big cities since the sixties of the twentieth century, due to natural growth and the flux of rural-urban migration. Alexandria-as the second biggest city in Egypt after Cairo-is witnessing a rapid population increase, therefore monitoring Informal Settlements locations, expansion and growth is important for possible urban development. This study focuses on the continued transformation of Alexandria's backdrop productive agricultural land into Informal Settlements causing serious encroachment on agricultural land. The study intends to find solutions through examining local needs and potentials for a selected case study named ''Houd 10". This case is an example that sheds the light on means that can be utilized in Informal Settlements to improve living conditions and reach socioeconomic potentials. Analyses of the current situation and challenges at Houd 10 are examined on three levels; economic, social and environmental. The research also highlights the role of non-profit organizations and social participation for developing such areas.
Sustainable livelihoods in informal settlements
The purpose of this essay is to provoke how we can empower people living in the informal settlements through the concept of sustainable livelihoods. This concept arose at the early 1990’s by R.Chambers1 and then developed by further researches done, the most important were the ones done by the DfID2 (Department for International Development). The aim of this new topic or concept is to make the livelihoods of the people sustainable by using the capabilities and opportunities available to the people. To achieve this new kind of sustainability we need to know our tangible and intangible resources that can help us in this kind of development. We can define these resources as assets, capabilities and activities. The most important aspect of sustainable livelihoods is to deal with the people as an asset and to make them centered in the whole process to achieve sustainability (DfID 1999b). This can help in solving the issue that informal settlements’ dwellers are being marginalized as the governments cannot solve their problems and cannot deal with their rapid growth in population.
World applied sciences journal, 2009
One of the fundamental social and economic characteristics of the southern countries is the lack of development of spatial planning system whose symptom is the irregular expansion of urban settlements. Due to the ecological traits and national policy-making manner, this expansion has caused the centralization of regional metropolises in these countries. In the geographical spaces of Iran, specially in the east, metropolis of Mashhad has proven to have these characteristics. The centralization of economical and service facilities and welfare prosperity, the increase of immigrants and the lack of economical power of rural immigrants has caused informal settlement. It creates environmental issues and social economic problems such as drug addiction, the spread of the center of moral corruption and finally instability in the urban system. The basic question is how we can properly manage the stability of these urban neighboring spaces. The result of recent studies in the metropolis of Mashhad shows that the final answers are the participation of new urban immigrants in these unstable parishes and the organization of the urban self-sufficient units as self-regulating municipalities with financial, service and developmental supports of governmental systems for a short period, as long as these management units can get autonomy.
Urban and Regional Planning, 2023
Informal settlements represent a significant housing stock in Algeria. Faced with this situation, the government settled on acknowledging them by means of regularizing their illegal status with the aim of integrating them into the general fabric of cities. This public reconciliation is defined by certain measures such as authenticating land ownership and housing tenure, and by initiating urban upgrading operations. This study aimed to identify the concept and importance of resident participation in the improvement of their informal settlement by analyzing an urban upgrading project. It is a field project concerning an informal residential neighborhood called La Rocade located in the city of M'sila in Algeria. The project was led by the municipal authority in collaboration with the university members and with the assistance of residents' representatives. Since this study concerns resident participation in urban intervention projects, the emphasis was on the third party, the representatives of the residents, by studying them as a group of individuals in their context using the method of ′active participant observation′. The group, as an equal social partner, was actively engaged in all stages of the project process, sharing experiences and opinions to be used in the improvement of its urban environment. The group was also the proponent of the negotiating dialogue between members of the local community and the municipal authorities responsible for such urban initiatives. Results suggest that using urban upgrading projects to learn about resident participation can be considered an effective strategy for social-urban improvement since the insights gained can be used to determine and develop policies for civic involvement in public projects and the recognition, funding and inclusion of informal settlements.
2018
Social sustainability has focus on the type of development that promotes social interaction and inclusion. It gives emphasis to inclusive community, social cohesions, quality of life, social equity and diversity. In fact, as one of the three domains of sustainability social sustainability plays a vital role in enhancing the community by the means of giving delivering equal opportunities, creating vibrant, diverse and inclusive environment and fulfill the social needs of the inhabitants.Informal settlement is not a physical problem but it is resulted from macrostructure factors on the national level. It is actually a type of settlement in urban space which marks a significant difference with other types of settlements.In this study, a considerable attention to relationship between density and social sustainability in most populated informal settlement of Hamedan, Khezr district. The variables of social sustainability were examined through 367 questionnaires in accordance with the di...