Physiological Response Differences between Run and Cycle High Intensity Interval Training Program in Recreational Middle Age Female Runners (original) (raw)
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Sports Medicine International Open, 2017
This study compared the effects of long (4×4 min) and short intervals (4×8×20 s) of high-intensity interval exercise bouts (HIIT) on running performance, physiological and perceptual responses, and excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). Twelve healthy college students (8 men, 4 women; mean age=22±2 years) performed long (90–95% of peak heart rate) and short intervals (maximal intensity) of high-intensity training (running on a non-motorized treadmill) with the same total duration on separate days. The total volume of consumed oxygen during recovery was the same in both cases (P=0.21), whereas the short intervals of high-intensity training were performed at a faster mean running velocity (3.5±0.18 vs. 2.95±0.07 m/s) and at a lower RPEbreath compared with the long intervals of high-intensity training. The blood lactate concentration also tended to be lower during the short intervals of high-intensity training, indicating that short-interval training was perceived to be easier ...
Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, 2019
The aim of the present study was to investigate the performance and aerobic endurance effects of high-intensity (HICR) versus moderate-intensity continuous running (MICR), which were nonmatched for total work. Twenty healthy recreational athletes (aged 28 ± 5 years) were randomly assigned to an HICR, MICR, or no-intervention control (C) group. The HICR group (n = 7) performed a 20-min strenuous, almost exhausting, run above lactate threshold (LT) at ∼88% of maximal heart rate (HRmax), whereas the MICR group (n = 7) performed a 40-min run at ∼80% HRmax. Both the HICR and MICR groups performed 3 intervention sessions a week, in addition to ∼60% of their regular aerobic exercise, for 10 weeks. The C group (n = 6) performed regular physical exercise throughout the study. Time to exhaustion, during a ∼4–8-min ramp test procedure, was significantly increased by 23% and 24% (P < 0.01) following HICR or MICR, respectively, with no significant difference in the change in time to exhaustio...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), 2020
Background: Long distance running is a form of continuous running over distance of at least three kilometers. Physiologically it is aerobic in nature and requires stamina as well as strength. Regular aerobic endurance training improves physical fitness and recovery rate.High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a type of exercise training characterized by brief, intermittent bursts of vigorous activity, interspersed with periods of low intensity activity. High intensity interval training appears to be an efficient and practical way to develop potentially large effects on exercise capacity and small time requirement. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of high volume HIIT on Cardiac autonomic function, aerobic capacity, knee strength ,body composition analysis and response to graded normobaric hypoxia in long distance runners. Methodology: A sample of 10 novice long distance runners within the age 21-30yrs males were recruited and informed about the study. Subjects were divided into two groups-Group-1 (control group)which did only long distance running training and Group-2 (experimental group) did long distance running training along with high volume high intensity interval training. Subjects in Group-2 received 1 set of HIIT thrice a week for 6 weeks. Measurements of all criterion measures were collected before and after the training period of 6 weeks. Pre-training measurements were taken a day before the start of training and post-training measurements were done a day after completion of training. Results and Conclusion: There were non-significant changes in cardiac autonomic function, aerobic capacity, knee strength ,body composition analysis and response to graded normobaric hypoxia
HIIT vs moderate intensity endurance training: impact on aerobic parameters in young adult men
2016
The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training such as Billat 30s-30s training (HIIT) vs moderate intensity endurance training (CT+HIIT) on aerobic parameters in young adults men. The study involved 40 young adults men (20,15±0,56 years) who were randomly divided into the two training groups: Billat 30s working at 100% of vVO2max and 30s recovery of 50% of vVO2max (HIIT; N=20); and the moderate intensity endurance training (CT+HIIT; N=20). The training programs have lasted 4 weeks, three times per week. The measurement was carried out at two time points at Cosmed treadmill (model T 150) gas analysers (Quark b2) breath-by-breath method. Participants were tested for each of the following parameters: relative maximum oxygen consumption (rVO2max); absolute maximum oxygen consumption (aVO2max); minimum speed that athletes run when they reach VO2max (vVO2) and maximum heart rate (HRmax). To determine difference between effect of trainings, w...
Frontiers in Physiology, 2020
A crucial subject in sports is identifying the inter-individual variation in response to training, which would allow creating individualized pre-training schedules, improving runner's performance. We aimed to analyze heterogeneity in individual responses to two half-marathon training programs differing in running volume and intensity in middleaged recreational women. 20 women (40 ± 7 years, 61 ± 7 kg, 167 ± 6 cm, and VO 2 max = 48 ± 6 mL•kg −1 •min −1) underwent either moderate-intensity continuous (MICT) or high-intensity interval (HIIT) 12-week training. They were evaluated before and after training with maximal incremental tests in the laboratory (VO 2 max) and in the field (time to exhaustion, TTE; short interval series and long run). All the women participated in the same half-marathon and their finishing times were compared with their previous times. Although the improvements in the mean finishing times were not significant, MICT elicited a greater reduction (3 min 50 s, P = 0.298), with more women (70%) improving on their previous times, than HIIT (reduction of 2 min 34 s, P = 0.197, 50% responders). Laboratory tests showed more differences in the HIIT group (P = 0.008), while both groups presented homogeneous significant (P < 0.05) increases in TTE. Both in the short interval series and in the long run, HIIT induced better individual improvements, with a greater percentage of responders compared to MICT (100% vs 50% in the short series and 78% vs 38% in the long run). In conclusion, variability in interindividual responses was observed after both MICT and HIIT, with some participants showing improvements (responders) while others did not (non-responders) in different performance parameters, reinforcing the idea that individualized training prescription is needed to optimize performance.
Constant versus variable-intensity during cycling: effects on subsequent running performance
European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2006
The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic responses to variable versus constant-intensity (CI) during 20-km cycling on subsequent 5-km running performance. Ten triathletes, not only completed one incremental cycling test to determine maximal oxygen uptake and maximal aerobic power (MAP), but also three various cycle-run (C–R) combinations conducted in outdoor conditions. During the C–R sessions, subjects performed first a 20-km cycle-time trial with a freely chosen intensity (FCI, ∼80% MAP) followed by a 5-km run performance. Subsequently, triathletes were required to perform in a random order, two C–R sessions including either a CI, corresponding to the mean power of FCI ride, or a variable-intensity (VI) during cycling with power changes ranging from 68 to 92% MAP, followed immediately by a 5-km run. Metabolic responses and performances were measured during the C–R sessions. Running performance was significantly improved after CI ride (1118 ± 72 s) compared to those a...
High-intensity cycle interval training improves cycling and running performance in triathletes
European Journal of Sport Science, 2013
Effective cycle training for triathlon is a challenge for coaches. We compared the effects of two variants of cycle highintensity interval training (HIT) on triathlon-specific cycling and running. Fourteen moderately-trained male triathletes (_ V O 2peak 58.7 ± 8.1 mL kg −1 min −1 ; mean ± SD) completed on separate occasions a maximal incremental test (_ V O 2peak and maximal aerobic power), 16 × 20 s cycle sprints and a 1-h triathlon-specific cycle followed immediately by a 5 km run time trial. Participants were then pair-matched and assigned randomly to either a long high-intensity interval training (LONG) (6-8 × 5 min efforts) or short high-intensity interval training (SHORT) (9-11 × 10, 20 and 40 s efforts) HIT cycle training intervention. Six training sessions were completed over 3 weeks before participants repeated the baseline testing. Both groups had an ∼7% increase in _ V O 2peak (SHORT 7.3%, ±4.6%; mean, ±90% confidence limits; LONG 7.5%, ±1.7%). There was a moderate improvement in mean power for both the SHORT (10.3%, ±4.4%) and LONG (10.7%, ±6.8%) groups during the last eight 20-s sprints. There was a small to moderate decrease in heart rate, blood lactate and perceived exertion in both groups during the 1-h triathlon-specific cycling but only the LONG group had a substantial decrease in the subsequent 5-km run time (64, ±59 s). Moderately-trained triathletes should use both short and long high-intensity intervals to improve cycling physiology and performance. Longer 5-min intervals on the bike are more likely to benefit 5 km running performance.
Kaikkonen et al 2012 HRV is related to training load variables in interval running exercises
2013
Overload principle of training states that training load (TL) must be sufficient to threaten the homeostasis of cells, tissues, organs and/or body. However, there is no ''golden standard'' for TL measurement. The aim of the present study was to investigate if post-exercise heart rate variability (HRV) could be used to evaluate TL of interval running exercises with different intensities and durations. Thirteen endurance-trained men (35 ± 5 years) performed MO 250 [moderate intensity, 2 9 6 9 250 m/rec 30 s/5 min at 85% of the maximal velocity of the graded maximal test (V max )], MO 500 (2 9 3 9 500 m/rec 1 min/ 5 min at 85% V max ) and HI 250 (high intensity, 2 9 6 9 250 m/rec 30 s/5 min at 105% V max ) interval exercises on a treadmill. HRV was analyzed during rest, exercise and immediate 15 min recovery. Fast recovery of LFP (P \ 0.001), HFP (P \ 0.01) and TP (P \ 0.01) occurred during the first two recovery minutes after each exercise. Strong negative correlations (P \ 0.01) were found between post-exercise HRV and perceived exertion as well as excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. Postexercise HRV differentiated interval exercises of equal work, but varying intensity or distance of running bout. The results of the present study suggest that immediate post-exercise HRV may offer objective information on TL of interval exercises with different bout durations and intensities.
Journal of human kinetics, 2017
The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological responses to moderate-intensity continuous and high-intensity intermittent exercise. Twelve physically active male subjects were recruited and completed a 5-km run on a treadmill in two experimental sessions in randomized order: continuously (70% sVO2max) and intermittently (1:1 min at sVO2max). Oxygen uptake, excess post-exercise oxygen consumption, lactate concentration, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion data were recorded during and after each session. The lactate levels exhibited higher values immediately post-exercise than at rest (High-Intensity: 1.43 ± 0.25 to 7.36 ± 2.78; Moderate-Intensity: 1.64 ± 1.01 to 4.05 ± 1.52 mmol⋅L(-1), p = 0.0004), but High-Intensity promoted higher values (p = 0.001) than Moderate-Intensity. There was a difference across time on oxygen uptake at all moments tested in both groups (High-Intensity: 100.19 ± 8.15L; Moderate-Intensity: 88.35 ± 11.46, p < 0.001). Both exercise cond...