Epidemiology and demographics of head and neck cancers: a hospital based retrospective study in Andhra Pradesh (original) (raw)
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Aim-Oral Cavity Cancer is the most common among all the head and neck cancer in India. Our study evaluates the incidence & the demographic profile of head and neck cancer cases in a urban cancer centre in Eastern part of India.Methods:-This retrospective study was done in Radiotherapy Department of Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMSAR), Burla of Sambalpur district, Odisha, India, for a period of three year, from 1 st April 2014 to 31 st March 2017. Total 368 head and neck cancer cases were reported during this period.Results:-The incidence of Head and Neck cancer was found to be 16.15%. The Male were affected more than the female.The median age of occurrence was 53 years. The most commonly affected age group was 41-60 years (52.45%). Among all the head and neck cancer, Tongue cancer was the most common (28.26%) followed by Buccal Mucosa (19.02%).We found a strong association between the use of tobacco (bhang) and Head & neck cancer. Conclusion:Oral cavity cancers are the most common head and neck cancer and the incidence among the male are more and are associated with tobacco chewing habit. Knowing the etiology, there is a need to intervene by the Government and NGOs at this level which can help to decrease the incidence and prevent early mortality.
Incidence of Head & Neck Cancers in Western India: A Cancer Center Based Retrospective Analysis
Aim: An audit of head and neck cancer cases is a need based study to find its incidence as compared to other total body malignancies. Material and Methods: This is an Institutional retrospective analysis which was done at curie Manavata Cancer Centre in northern Maharashtra, Western part of India from 14 th May 2007 to 21 st September 2014. Total cases operated at the centre were 14368 out of which 1802 were head and neck cancers. Results: Incidence of Head & Neck cancer cases in our 7 years study contributes around 11.1%. Males are more affected for Head & Neck cancer than females contributing for around 82.01% followed by females, which is around 17.9%. Oral cavity malignancies contribute around 76.6% out of all head & neck cancer cases followed by larynx which is around 11.48%. The least affected is caner of cheek which is around 0.01%. Tongue cancers are more commonly affected which is around 33.4% followed by Buccal mucosa which is 29.77%, Alveolus is 8.71%, Tonsil is 2.9 % , Palate is 2.66% and least is RMT which is around 0.1%. The mortality rate is high in buccal mucosa (32.35%) followed by tongue (27.4%) and then alveolus which is around 25.1%.Conclusion: This retrospective study hopes to quantify and analyze the spectrum of Head and neck cancer out of the other total body malignancies. A tremendous effort is needed to identify such high prevalence and incidence, generate awareness and establish treatment modalities to meet this challenging statistical analysis.
Head and Neck Cancer: Global Burden and Regional Trends in India
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2014
The total burden of cancer across the globe is estimated to be around 22 million (WHO-UICC 2003). Approximately 10 million new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year across the globe (WHO-UICC 2003). The cancer incidence of the world in terms of income as per the world bank data is briefly depicted in Table 1. It is evident that more than 5 billion people (85% of the world's population) reside in developing countries that account for only 20% of the global gross national product2. Hence the great majority of new cases (more than 60%) are from the developing world including India. Cancers in all forms are causing about 12% deaths throughout the world (WHO-UICC 2003). In developed country cancer is the second leading cause of death accounting for 21% (2.5 million) of all mortality. In developing countries cancer ranks third as a cause of death and accounts for 9.5 % (3.8 million) of all deaths (NCCP 2006). It is estimated that by the end of the year 2020 over 10 million people world wide would die of cancer every year (WHO-UICC 2003) and that 66% of these would be from the newly industrialized and the developing world (WHO 2003). WHO has categorically stated that in 2020, regions with traditionally low numbers of cancer deaths could see alarming increases in the mortality rates (WHO 2003). Regions including northern Africa, western Asia, south America, the Caribbean and south east Asia would face sharp increases of over 75% in
Indian Journal of Cancer, 2019
BACKGROUND: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a heterogeneous tumor at various anatomic sites and one of the most common cancers in India. Published and existing reports and studies highlight an alarming increase in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality of HNC. Despite its high incidence, there is a dearth of more precise estimates of reliable epidemiological data pertaining to HNC in India. AIM: This protocol aims to conduct a full-scale systematic review and meta-analysis on the HNC epidemiology (incidence, prevalence, and mortality) in 29 states and 7 union territories of India.
Prevalence of Head and Neck Cancers – An Institutional Based Study
2018
Head and neck cancers are showing rising pattern in India due to increased use of tobacco in various forms in younger generations and are responsible for increased prevalence of various head and neck malignancies. Epidemiological studies also report a strong association with human papillomavirus (HPV) in a subset of HNSCC non-smoking cases. Aim: To study prevalence of head and neck cancers in our region. Objectives: 1. To study various age groups with head and neck malignancies 2. To study prevalence of malignancy in various head and neck subsites 3. To study prevalence of various histological variants. Results: 6 th decade is the commonest age group of head and neck malignancies .Oral cavity malignancies are common than various other subsites. Conclusion: This study shows the prevalence of head and neck malignancies in and around Telangana region. Majority of the age group is in their 6 th decade and interestingly high numbers are seen in 4 th decade , predominantly in male populat...
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
Background: In India 53,251 New Head and neck cancer cases are diagnosed every year. Oral cancer is the predominant subsite among both benign and malignant lesions.Methods: A retrospective study of cases with head and neck neoplastic lesions was conducted in department of otolaryngology, head and neck surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital Ludhiana during for a period of 2 years (January 2018 to December 2019). Demographic, gender profile of the patients was studied. Results: Incidence of oral cancer was 21.5% followed by salivary glands 18.9%. among head and neck neoplasms over a period of 2 years (January 2018 to December 2019). The overall male to female ratio was 1:1.25, among benign was 1:1 and among malignant was 1:1.3.Conclusions: Commonest subsite of benign lesions was - oral cavity followed by salivary glands and larynx. Most common malignant subsite was oral cavity followed by larynx and thyroid. Male patients outnumbered the female. Mean age of presentation var...
Trend of Head and Neck Cancers in a National Tertiary Cancer Hospital of Nepal from 2012 to 2017
South Asian Journal of Cancer
Introduction Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are increasing in Nepal and have become a major public health issue. This study aims to describe the trend of HNCs in a national tertiary cancer hospital in Nepal. Methods This was a cross-sectional study with secondary data analysis conducted at B.P Koirala Memorial Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal. The data were obtained from the medical record section and included all new HNC cases registered from 2012 to 2017. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 17. Subgroup analysis was done according to age, gender, site, and year. Results A total of 4,582 new HNCs were registered, of which 3,097 (67.6%) were males and 1,482 (32.4%) were females. Lip and oral cavity cancers (46.5%) were the most common HNCs followed by tonsil and pharynx (18.0%) and larynx (15.8%). The trend of HNCs shows a steady rise in incidence with difference according to the sites. HNCs were more common among males than females except for thyroid cance...
Head & Neck Cancer in Odisha: A five-year retrospective study at a Regional Cancer Centre
Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2017
Background: Head and neck cancers (HNC) constitute about one-third of all cancers in India, in contrast to 4-5% in the developed world. A hospital based five year's retrospective study was conducted to report the present burden of HNC in the state of Odisha, which has about one twenty-eighth population of India at present. Material and Methods: All the patients suffering from HNC who were treated by radiation therapy during 2010-14 at a Regional Cancer Centre (RCC) in Odisha were analyzed year-wise for age, sex, site of disease and their native area. Results: Basing on the census-2011 data, the number of registered HNC patients per annum in radiotherapy per million of population from low, medium and high literacy areas were calculated and found as 5.34, 6.36 and 29.51 respectively. Out of the total HNC patients treated, more than 66.49% were from oral cancer at the median age of 52 years. Discussion: Odisha has 83.3% rural population with literacy below 70%. Due to large number of tobacco users, lack of awareness, higher percentage of illiteracy and unavailability of basic cancer care facilities at their reach, people mainly depend on various unscientific methods for their health care. Conclusion: Strengthening of existing RCC of the state, development of oncology wings in all medical college hospitals by providing basic radiotherapy facilities, emphasising more on district cancer control programs, decent ralising of NGO schemes and facilitating with more cancer screening and awareness programs may help better registration, prevention and treatment of cancer in Odisha.
Journal of Cancer & Allied Specialties
Purpose: Head and neck cancers (HNC) are among the most common cancers in developing countries, especially in the Southeast Asia. Oral cavity is the most commonly affected site. The risk factors are tobacco, betel nut and alcohol. The dimensions of the disease are quite different in developing countries than the western world. Poor socioeconomic status, poverty, lack of healthcare facilities and illiteracy are the factors that pose a major challenge to the management of the disease. The aim of this study is to analyse the database that has been collected over a period of 10 years showing the trends of the disease and the management outcome of these individuals.Methods: Men and women diagnosed with HNC from 2004 to 2014 from Cancer Registry Database of Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre have been retrospectively analysed.Results: In the 10 year period a total of 5027 patients presented to the head and neck clinic at our institution with a mean age + standard ...
Clinicopathological Profile of Head and Neck Cancer Patients in a University Hospital, Bangladesh
Bangladesh Medical Journal
In Bangladesh, the head and neck cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers. The goal of this study was to assess at the clinicopathological characteristics of individuals with head and neck cancer. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2018, 286 patients with head and neck cancer were included at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Department of Clinical Oncology. A pre-made questionnaire was used to collect data from patients during face-to-face interviews. The mean age of the patients was 56.27 (±12.23) years. The bulk of the cases (77.6%) were male, and the most of the patients consumed tobacco (86%). The most common histological type among the patients was squamous cell carcinoma (92%). In terms of primary tumor location, the oral cavity (36%) was the most prevalent. Patients were most often found in stages III (32.2%) and IV (34.6%). In conclusion, head and neck cancer occurs mainly in males and tobacco users. Squamous c...