Proportions of thyroid disorders in bhopal- a hospital based study (original) (raw)
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JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH
Introduction: Thyroid dysfunction is a common endocrine disorder, defined as the altered serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) levels with normal or altered FT3 and FT4 (triiodothyronine and thyroxine) levels. The spectrum of thyroid disorders includes hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter/ iodine deficiency disorders, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid cancer, as well as subclinical hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. However, further research is required on the spectrum of thyroid disorders, apart from goiter/iodine deficiency disorders in the study population mentioned. Aim: To investigate the prevalence and patterns of thyroid disorders in the clinical biochemistry laboratory of a tertiary care hospital in the hilly region of Uttarakhand, India. Materials and Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted in the clinical biochemistry laboratory of Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali (VCSG) Govt. Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India...
2020
Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine diseases in India. Numerous studies in various countries differ in their prevalence rate for both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. This present crosssectional observational study was conducted in Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal to find out the prevalence of thyroid disorders among the people of this district. This present study was done over 700 patients, attending hospital suspected of having thyroid disorders, were screened for thyroid function. Serum samples were taken and serum Thyrotrophin (TSH) and free tetraiodothyronine (fT4) were estimated by ELISA method. Of this 700 study subjects, 17.14% were found to have thyroid dysfunction; among them, 7.43% had subclinical hypothyroidism, 5.57% had overt hyperthyroidism and 4.14% were suffering from hyperthyroidism. Females were affected more in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism than males. The age group of 21-30 years was affected more than the others in all types of thyroid disorders.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2013
Background: Thyroid disorders constitute the most prevalent endocrine disorder in our country. Thyroid disorders are classified broadly as hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism depending on the functional capacity of the thyroid gland. These two entities are further segregated as sub clinical and overt dysfunction. The present study attempts to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid disorders in north Indian population which is more prone to hypothyroidism due to iodine deficiency observed in the Himalayan belt.
Spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in patients visiting Kantipur Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ, 2013
Thyroid disorder is most common endocrine abnormality in the general population and its prevalence increases with age. The screening of thyroid disorder is advised in high risk population. This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry, Kantipur Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Patients having complains of thyroid disease from February 2010 to January 2011 were enrolled in this study. Thyroid parameters such as FT3, FT4 and TSH were measured by ELISA technique. Among total 472 subjects 393(83.27%) were female whereas 79(16.73%) were male. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 36.0% (n=170). The different patterns of thyroid dysfunction in Kathmandu valley were: hypothyroid (11.6%), subclinical hypothyroid (16.9%), hyperthyroid (4.0%), and subclinical hyperthyroid (3.6%) respectively. Subjects having all thyroid parameters normal i.e. euthyroid were 63.9%. In conclusion, this study reveals a higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in Kathmandu r...
Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction in Community of Duwakot, Bhaktapur
Journal of Pathology of Nepal
Background: Thyroid dysfunction is one of the major public health problems in the Nepalese community and of the common endocrine disorders diagnosed in community primary health care centres. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence of Thyroid dysfunction in Duwakot, Nepal. Materials and Methods: All the patients from Duwakot community who presented with the history of weight gain with tiredness and weight loss with palpitation were subjected to thyroid function test free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine and thyroid stimulating hormone. Results: Thyroid dysfunction was found in 26% with M:F ratio of 1:5. Subclinical hypothyroidism 62 (11.44%) was the most prevalent one followed by Primary hypothyroidism 48 (8.85%), primary hyperthyroidism 16 (2.95%) and subclinical hyperthyroidism 15 (2.76%). Conclusion: Thyroid dysfuntion has been observed despite of nationwide program regarding supplementation of micronutrient iodised salt.
Hospital Based Study of Thyroid Disorders in Rural Population of Gurgaon, Haryana
International journal of current research and review, 2016
Introduction: Endocrine disorders pose a major threat to public health. Current research shows that 300 million people are suffering from thyroid disorders globally and 42 million among them reside in India. Objective: Our objective is to find the prevalence of thyroid disorders in rural population of Gurgaon, Haryana. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in SGT Medical College & Hospital, Budhera, Gurgaon, Haryana from January, 2015 to July, 2016. 3940 patients were screened for thyroid function. Thyroid function was assessed by quantitative estimation of T3 (Triiodothyronine), T4 (Thyroxine) and TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) in serum by chemiluminscent immuno assay. Results: The prevalence of thyroid disorder was found to be 25.17% (992) in the study population. 74.82% (2948) patients were euthyroid. Among the thyroid dysfunction patients 16.85% (665) belonged to hypothyroidism group (11.70% primary, 3.20% sub clinical and 3.24% clinically euthyroid) and 8.29% (327)...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences, 2017
Introduction and objectives-Thyroid diseases are amongst the commonest endocrine disorders worldwide. India too is no exception. In India sub Himalayan belt extending from Kashmir to Assam is well a recognized area of endemic iodine deficiency. The main aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of thyroid disorders amongst the adult population of Barpeta town and to create awareness among the population about the disorder. Material and methods-The current study was a cross sectional study conducted in the Barpeta district, Assam at Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed Medical College and Hospital. 600 participants were included in the study after taking proper consent after explaining the procedure to each subjects. Assays for thyroid hormones (T3 ,T4) and TSH were performed by Electrochemiluminescence(ECL) technology using Immunoassay analyzer Roche Cobas e411. Anti TPO antibodies were also measured by the same analyzer. The prevalence of different thyroid function disorders was summarized as count and percentages. A chi square test was used to assess the trends in the prevalence of the disorders among different age groups and genders. Result-Of the total study population 443 (73.83%) subjects had normal levels of serum T3, T4 and TSH values without history of thyroid medication. Other 157 (26.17%) subjects had abnormal serum thyroid hormones and TSH levels, who were categorized as hypothyroid, subclinical hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and subclinical hyperthyroid. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in the overall study population was 9.67 %(n=58) , of which6.33%(n=20) were self reported cases and 6.33%(n=38) were previously undetected. Subclinical hypothyroidism was observed in 4% of the study population. Hyperthyroidism-a total of 25 (4.17%) participants including 14 females were diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Subclinical hyperthyroidism was seen in 10 subjects including 6 female subjects though significant association between the frequency of the disorder with age or gender was not seen. Anti TPO antibody positivity was seen in 40 subjects without significant variation as per gender and age. Conclusion-Our study demonstrates that hypothyroidism was higher in the older adults with a female preponderance and there is a significant prevalence of hyperthyroidism too.
Incidence of Thyroid Disorders in India: An Institutional Retrospective Analysis
International Journal of Dental and Medical Specialty, 2015
Aim: Thyroid disorders are common endocrine disorders encountered in the African continent. Environmental and nutritional factors are often implicated in the occurrence of most thyroid disorders that occur in the most part of the world. This is a narrative review that seeks to document the pattern, prevalence, and management of thyroid disorders in the continent. To find the incidence and prevalence of thyroid disorders from total body malignancies at our cancer center. Objective: Implementation of thyroid screening camps among the general population. In India, thyroid disorders in childhood and adolescence have not been sufficiently studied. Where studies are available, they were either conducted decades ago or they involved only adults. The objectives of this study are to describe the pattern of thyroid disorders in each individual seen in our hospital and to highlight the management challenges encountered. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective medical record analysis performed in our tertiary care cancer center in Nasik, Maharashtra for a period of 6 years from January 2008 to December 2014. The clinical examination, biochemical studies, serological and histological parameters were used to characterize and evaluate the patients of thyroid disorders. Investigations done, surgical treatment type, types and complications of thyroid disorders, incidence according to age, sex and prognosis were all documented in this analysis. Results: Of 16933 cancer patients, 128 patients suffered from thyroid disorders and the prevalence was 0.8%. The prevalence of thyroid disorders was significantly higher in females than males (33.6% vs. 66.4%, χ 2 = 27.56, P < 0.001). The prevalence of thyroid disorders was significantly higher in higher aged (≥31 years) patients as compared to lower aged (≤30 years) patients (14.1% vs. 85.9%, χ 2 = 132.30, P < 0.001). Of total thyroid disorders, 99 (77.3%) patients had cancers with highest prevalence of follicular cancer (58.6%). Of total thyroid disorders, 79 (61.7%) patients underwent surgery with no postoperative complications and were discharged on 3 rd day of surgery. The mortality rate was 4.6%. Conclusion: There are a high risk and burden of thyroid disorders in India due to lack of nutrition and unavailability of proper therapeutic resources. There are a lack and paucity of data on the epidemiology of thyroid disorders. Due to lack of resources, complete screening for thyroid diseases in the general population is not cost-effective. There must be complete family screening with all genetic relatives in all patients with juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis.
Malnutrition, particularly iodine deficiency, is one of the major contributing factors to thyroid disorders in India. Poverty in India is contributing to the increase of thyroid disorders through malnutrition, poor sanitation, and lack of access to medical facilities. Another factor is the lack of awareness about the symptoms and risk factors of thyroid disorders. Intake recommendations for iodine are provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) developed by the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) at the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. WHO recommends universal iodinization of salt. High levels of iodine intake sometimes are associated with an increased risk of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or autoimmune thyroiditis. We conducted a retrospective study at our hospital from December 2017 to January 2023. A total number of 57 cases were studied. Out of 57 patients, 46 patients presented with hypothyroidism and 11 with hyperthyroidism. Various clinical presentations, pathologies and socioeconomic problems are discussed.
Spectrum of Thyroid Dysfunction in North Coastal Andhra Pradesh
Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare, 2018
BACKGROUND The pathological spectrum of thyroid dysfunction varies from overactive to underactive thyroidism. It is a common Endocrine disorder worldwide and leads to major consequences in the absence of appropriate treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a hospital based retrospective study based on medical records from the period of January 2013 to December 2015. Thyroid hormones were evaluated by RIA for T3 & T4 and IRMA for TSH, kits supplied by BRIT, Mumbai. RESULTS 2322 study subjects comprised of males 403 and 1919 females. Thyroid dysfunction categorized was as hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and Subclinical hyperthyroidism as per reference values for thyroid hormones. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 43.7% in females and females were more affected than males. Hypothyroidism 15.80% and Subclinical hypothyroidism 21.40% were higher than hyperthyroidism 3.91% and subclinical hyperthyroidism 2.58% subjects aged 30-45 years had a higher prevalence. Euthyroid subjects constituted 56.28%. CONCLUSION Study revealed high prevalence of abnormal thyroid function. Females and elderly are more susceptible. Since untreated thyroid disease leads to significant morbidity, public awareness in the context of primary care setting will be valuable.