The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Sector in Indonesia (original) (raw)

Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on the Indonesian tourism industry

Journal of Indonesian Tourism, Hospitality and Recreation

Tourism plays a significant role in the economic development of Indonesia. Aside from being a source of revenue, tourism creates employment opportunities and promotes the hospitality industry. However, the emergence of COVID-19 has adversely implicated on tourism in Indonesia, as international travel restrictions have been imposed by many countries. This paper dialectically analysed the impact of COVID-19 on the Indonesian tourism industry. It was observed that labour and the earnings in the tourism were severely affected by COVID-19. This was because the number of foreign tourists that visited Indonesia declined significantly as countries partially shut down their economy and imposed travel restrictions. The paper reviewed the government of Indonesia’s regulations and programmes and the tourism sector’s actions to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the country’s economy. It argued that government should introduce structures and guidelines for the introduction of smart tourism throu...

Impact Assessment of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Indonesian Tourism

2020

The global COVID-19 pandemic has brought the world to a standstill, and tourism has been the hardest hit from all major economic sectors. The United Nation World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) estimates that by 2020 the arrival of international tourists around the world could decrease drastically in all countries. Foreign tourist visits to Indonesia through all entrances in June 2020 decreased by 88.82% compared to June 2019. This study aims to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on foreign tourist visits to Indonesia. In addition, to find out the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business actors supporting tourism in Indonesia and to what extent the policy response supports the Indonesian tourism sector during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Hypothetical scenario analysis is used to estimate the decrease in the number of foreign tourists. Two scenarios are presented with relevant alternatives. The first scenario expects a decrease in foreign tourist visits at the same rate...

IMPACT OF COVID-19 TOWARDS ECONOMIC GROWTH IN MALAYSIA TOURISM INDUSTRY

KOREA REVIEW OF INTERNATIONAL STUDIES, 2022

In recent decades, tourism industry had been the catalyst for a country to boost the economic growth. Unfortunately, our world got alarm for a disease named Coronavirus or also known as COVID-19 came from Wuhan, China. This research employed tourism revenue, tourism expenditure, exchange rate, employment in tourism and daily cases of COVID-19 as the indicator for tourism industry. This paper is aiming to study the impact of those variables towards the economic growth of Malaysia tourism industry. The period of the study is from Quarter 1, 2011 until Quarter 1, 2021. This study was analyzed by estimating the Multiple Regression model. The findings show that, the independent variables are significant with the economic growth except for Employment in Tourism (EMP).

Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Bali’s and Indonesia’s Economic Growth

SOCA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic that broke out in 2020, caused foreign tourist visits to Bali and Indonesia to decrease drastically. Sectors related to tourist arrivals such as various service sectors, agriculture and small and medium-sized industries experienced a decline in demand, followed by a decrease in added value for sectors related to tourism. The purpose of the study is to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economy of Bali and Indonesia. The research locations are in the Provinces of Bali and Indonesia, using secondary data source from BPS Bali and BPS RI. The data analysis method used descriptive statistics, comparison methods before and after the Covid-19 pandemic, and qualitative descriptive. The results of the research was found that impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 causing the Balinese economy to contract as deep as -9.31% compared to Bali economic growth 2019. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Indonesian economy, decreased Indonesia's economic growth in 2020 only contracted -2.07% compared to 2019. The novelty of this research is that the Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on reducing Bali and Indonesia economic growth, but the decline of Bali economic growth is more severe than Indonesia economic growth.

Tourism Post COVID-19: What’s New in Indonesian Tourism Demand Trends?

South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics, 2022

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this research is to determine Indonesian tourism demand trends and gather understanding into how to restore tourism following the Covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: This study employs a quantitative approach and was conducted in Indonesia in March-April 2020. Data was collected using a survey method via social media broadcast messages, with 100 respondents. Descriptive statistics were utilized in the data analysis technique. Main Findings: According to the findings of this study, the decrease in the number of domestic tourists is less than that of foreign tourists. Natural and culinary tourism destinations in the country are the most popular, particularly for short trips. This study also discovered that after the Covid-19 pandemic, tourists have positive travel intentions. Implication/Applications: This study's theoretical implication is that catastrophic diseases like Covid-19 have a significant impact on tourist visits and demand. The practical implication of this research is that destination managers, governments, and business stakeholders could utilize this information to develop a tourism development strategy following the Covid-19 pandemic. The Originality of the Study: The limitation of this research is the data collection method which is dominated by surveys. Therefore, further research is expected to conduct an in-depth study related to the reasons tourists are interested in post-covid traveling

The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Tourism Sector in Indonesia Using a Structural Path Analysis Based on Inter-Regional Input-Output Matrix

Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education, 2021

At the end of 2019 the world was shocked by the new emerging infectious disease in China; the Coronavirus disease (Covid-19). This outbreak is spreading fast and has infected almost all countries including Indonesia, the WHO has designated Covid-19 as a pandemic. The Indonesian government issued a policy of limiting community activities in an effort to break the spread of the virus. This restriction resulted in a significant reduction in economic demand. Based on the release of economic growth data by BPS, Indonesia experienced a recession in the third quarter of 2020 with the transportation and tourism sectors being the sectors most affected by this pandemic. This study will analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia on the tourism sector and its relationship with other sectors using Backward Linkage, Forward Linkage, Multiplier Effects, and Structural Path Analysis (SPA) methods on Indonesia's Inter-Regional Input Output (IRIO) data. According to the results of t...

Statistical analysis of the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the small and large-scale tourism sectors in developing countries

Environment, Development and Sustainability

The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has affected the tourism sector by closing borders, reducing both the transportation of tourists and tourist demand. Due to the country-wide lockdown, most activities in the hotel, motel, restaurant, and transportation sectors have been postponed. Consequently, the article investigates four research issues by examining the consequences of global tourism in the private sector before and after COVID-19. As an analytical method, the article suggested qualitative research methodologies to collect information from tourism employees. The opinions of the respondents were gathered through online emails in the questionnaire survey. Further, the article considers people's future desire for specific tourism destinations based on visitor arrivals. Forecasting tourist demand is an essential component of good and efficient tourism management. Consequently, the article proposes an attention-based long short-term memory model for exact demand forecasting. The experimental findings reveal that the model's minimal prediction error accuracy is 0.45%, which indicates that it has a more robust prediction effect, a faster convergence rate, and a greater prediction accuracy. Seasonality has emerged as one of the most distinguishing and defining characteristics of the global tourist business. Accordingly, the article mandated to compare the seasonal and non-seasonal effects of the tourist sector throughout the years 2020-2021. Moreover, Governments must analyse the crises' long-term consequences and, as a result, define the components that constitute government advantages supplied to the tourist sector during the pandemic era. As a result, many governmental policies, especially those about social welfare, may perceive a fresh start during the post-pandemic period, respectively.

How Did COVID-19 Pandemic Affect the Tourism Index in Borsa Istanbul?

Facta Universitatis, Series: Economics and Organization

This study aims to investigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on Turkey's tourism sector. In the study, for the period 12 March 2020 - 31 August 2020 the daily data of the BIST tourism stock index and Covid-19 case and death counts in Turkey were used. The cointegration relationship between the Covid-19 pandemic and the BIST tourism index was investigated with the ARDL bound test. In addition, the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the BIST tourism index was tested with the FMOLS regression method. As a result of the ARDL bound test, it was determined that there is a long-term cointegration relationship between the Covid-19 case and death numbers and the BIST tourism index. According to the FMOLS regression model results, it is seen that the deaths of Covid 19 significantly affect the tourism index. A 1% increase in the number of deaths causes the BIST tourism index to decrease by 0.08%. The coefficient of the number of Covid-19 cases is not significant, showing that the nu...

Impact of COVID-19 on Tourism Sector of Asia & Pacific Countries Evidence from 20 Asia-Pacific Countries

2021

The present study examines the impacts of COVID-19 on tourism industry in 20 countries of Asia and Pacific region, highlighting the effects on international tourist arrivals and tourist receipts, air reservation, hotel bookings and occupancy rates. As the results indicate, Asia and Pacific region reported the highest drop in tourist arrivals, which was-9% in January, 2020 and dropped further down to-98% by October, 2020. Drop in international tourist arrivals caused declining tourist receipts which is eight times higher than that of the global financial crisis in 2009. Apart from that, Asia and Pacific region reported the highest drop (-96%) in flight reservation by November 2020 compared to the previous year. Similarly, the occupancy rate in 2020 has also declined from 55% in January to 27% by March. Moreover, drop in hotel bookings has reached a bottom during April and May of 2020 and drop was more substantial in the regions such as Africa, Europe, Middle East and Asia and the Pacific. Under this scenario, it is apparent that tourism sector of Asia and Pacific countries has been severely affected by COVID-19 and therefore alternative revenue sources should be explored till the tourism sector re-emerged.

IImpact of Economic Growth in Bali and Indonesia during Covid19 Pandemic

BP International, 2023

The objectives of this research are to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the structure and economic growth of Bali and analyzing the impact of Covid-19 on the Indonesian economy. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is not only on public health but also has an impact on economic well-being state to the community economy. The Covid-19 pandemic, which started in 2020, significantly reduced the number of foreign visitors to Bali and Indonesia. Tourism-related industries like various service industries, agriculture, and small and medium-sized businesses saw a decline in demand, which was followed by a reduction in added value. Analysis of the Covid-19 pandemic's effects on Bali's and Indonesia's economies is the study's main goal. The research locations are in the Provinces of Bali and Indonesia, using secondary data source from BPS Bali and BPS RI. The data analysis method used descriptive statistics, comparison methods before and after the Covid-19 pandemic, and qualitative descriptive. The results of the research was found that impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 causing the Balinese economy to contract as deep as -9.31% compared to Bali economic growth 2019. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Indonesian economy, decreased Indonesia's economic growth in 2020 only contracted -2.07% compared to 2019. The novel finding of this study is that while both Bali and Indonesia's economic growth have been negatively impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic, Bali's economic growth has been negatively impacted more severely.