Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients (original) (raw)
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Pakistan J. Zool, 2010
Five hundred patients, visiting the government hospitals and diabetic clinics at Faisalabad were examined for retinopathy and their blood samples were analyzed for HbA 1c and lipid profile. Retinopathy was found 41.4% and its prevalence was found higher in patients with HbA 1c >8%. Besides that the age of patients, duration of diabetes, history of hypertension and smoking status were found to be significantly (P<0.05) associated with the prevalence of retinopathy in the diabetic patients. It was concluded that the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was higher in patients with poor glycaemic control, duration of diabetes and history of hypertension.
Frequency of retinopathy among diabetics admitted in a teaching hospital of Lahore
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the blood vessels of the retina and leads to blindness. Although 4-8 million diabetics exist in Pakistan, very little work has been done on this complication of diabetes. The present study was undertaken to estimate the frequency of retinopathy among diabetics admitted in a teaching hospital of Lahore. Every patient of diabetes mellitus, admitted in departments of Medicine, Surgery, Ophthalmology and Obstetrics & Gynecology at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore between June 2001 and September 2001 was included in the study. After adequate mydriasis, detailed fundus examination using indirect ophthalmoscope was carried out to determine the presence of diabetic retinopathy and its type. Out of 4414 admissions, 540 patients--340 females and 196 males were diabetics. Among 540 diabetics, 132 had Type-1 diabetes (24.4%) while 408 had Type-2 diabetes (75.6%). The duration of diabetes ranged from 10 to 12 years. The prevalence of ...
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 2013
Objectives: To find out the risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methodology: It was a cross-sectional study involving 300 patients of type 2 diabetes. Clinical history, relevant examination including fundoscopy and lab investigations were done. Data was analysed with SPSS 17.0. T-test and chi square/Fischer exact were applied to determine significance. Results: Mean age of the patients was 49.04 ± 0.69 years with slight female predominance with male to female ratio of 3:4. Average duration of disease was 7.17 ± 0.38 years. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed in (74, 23.9%). Mean HbA1c was 8.15% in patients with retinopathy and 8.884% in those who had no retinopathy (p=0.08). However, duration of DM, age of patients, male gender, high total cholesterol, high LDL and microalbuminuria were significantly associated with the development of retinopathy. Conclusions: Diabetic retinopathy was found in 23.9% of type 2 diabetics. It was associated with duration of disease, age at presentation, male gender, high total cholesterol, high LDL and microalbuminuria. A single high level of HbA1c was not associated with retinopathy.
Frequency of Diabetic Retinopathy in Karachi, Pakistan: A Hospital Based Study
Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences, 2015
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in diabetes patients presenting to the National Institute of Diabetes and Eye out patient department of Dow University Hospital (Ohja campus), Dow University of Health Sciences. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which known diabetics were recruited between the period of 1st July 2011 till 31st July 2012.They were then referred to the Ophthalmology unit for eye examination. Subjective refraction was done with Snellens chart, anterior segment examination and fundus examined was done using a TopCon PS-61E Slit lamp BioMicroscope. All patients were dilated with eye drop tropicamide 1% instilled every ten minutes for thirty minutes and the fundus was examined with Volk 90D lens. Classification of diabetic retinopathy was done using the International clinical diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale study. The data was analyzed using Statistical package for social Science (S...
Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology, 2021
Purpose: To find out the frequency of diabetic retinopathy and factors responsible for poor diabetic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in a trust hospital. Place and duration of Study: Akhtar Saeed Medical College, from January 2018 to December 2019. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: Total 395 diabetic patients belonging to lower socioeconomic class were included in the study. Type 1diabetes, age below 20 years, high myopia, papilledema, dense cataract, corneal scar and patients on dialysis were excluded. Age, gender, duration of disease, family history of diabetes, drugs used for diabetic control, compliance with drug, random serum sugar level at presentation, HBA1c level, best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp and fundus findings were noted. Results: There were 270 (68.4%) females and 125 (31.6%) males (total 395). Random serum sugar was below 200mg/dl in 188 (47.6%). Family history of diabetes was positive in 145 (36.7%). Duration of diabetes ...
https://www.ijhsr.org/IJHSR\_Vol.12\_Issue.7\_July2022/IJHSR-Abstract.31.html, 2022
The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated factors among diabetic patients at Goyal Eye Institute, New Delhi. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among diabetic patients. A total of 345 (mean age: 47±2.53 years) participants-male=192 & female=153, were enrolled in this study. They were selected through systematic sampling procedure. Explanatory data were extracted from medical records and interviews. Blood pressure (BP), Blood sugar, weight, height, and visual acuity and refraction tests were assessed. Retinal examination was performed with a Forus (3nethra) fundus camera. All the collected data was processed and analysed by Chi-square test in SPSS version 21. Results: It was found that out of 345 subjects, 86 (24.9%) had Diabetic retinopathy (DR). Among the diabetic retinopathy patients, 68.4% had the pre-proliferative type. Five in ten (46.3%) of the patients had visual acuity problems and showing DR symptoms. Poor glycemic control (95% CI 1.46-2.41), > 10 years' diabetes duration (95% CI 1.68-3.64), >20 years' diabetes duration (95% CI 1.88-2.72), body-mass index >25 kg/m2 (95% CI 1.32-3.54), and hypertension (95% CI 1.44-2.62), smoking (95% CI 1.93-2.58) were factors significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy. All factors mentioned were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) with the Pearson Chi-square in SPSS version 21. Conclusion: This study shows about a-fifth of diabetic patients had diabetic retinopathy. Risk factors of Diabetic retinopathy were significantly associated with poor glycemic control, hypertension, bodymass index (obesity), and duration or onset of illness. Routine blood sugar assessment as well as eye examination and early control of those associated factors may be important in reducing both the prevalence and impact of diabetic retinopathy.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 2022
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is the major and leading cause of mortality among the local population of Asian countries. Routinely increase in the number of diabetes mellitus can produce financial and health crises. Aim and Objective: This study aims to evaluate the diabetic retinopathy among the diabetes mellitus type-II at tertiary care hospital of Hyderabad. Materials and Methods: The current research was conducted for the period of 06 months at Department of Medicine, tertiary care hospital of Hyderabad. Total 158 patients were selected with confirmed report of diabetic retinopathy. Demographic data was taken from all participants. Eye examination was performed by ophthalmologist and results were analyzed. Results: After proper collection of data, results were compiled accordingly, total 158 participants were included in the study, from them 92 were males, 66 females. 49 patients were fall in the category of 33-39years of age group, 87 patients were having less than 1 year diabe...
2014
whose guidance at every step was a beacon of light. His extremely valuable comments on this study has made it what it is now. I would like to express my gratitude to my co-superisor, Professor Abdur Rasheed Khokhar for his time and guidance during my field work. I would like to thank my teacher and Vice Chancellor of Dow University of Health Sciences, Professor Masood Hameed Khan, who showed faith in me for this M.Phil Program, and, also to my teachers Professor Nazeer Khan and Professor Nighat Nisar for their support at every step and Dr. Tafazzul Haidar Zaidi and Prof. Saleem Ilyas for their recommendations. I would also like to thank Dr. Sarfaraz Abbasi for his support and help in data collection. Also I would like to express my gratitude to Mr. Ibrahimu Mdala for his priceless support in statistical analyses. My deepest and heartiest thanks to my three best friends and colleagues Budhi, Rashid and Momodou, I have been really lucky to have their company during these two years of my M.Phil. Last but not the least, my special thanks to my family; my parents Mr. & Mrs. Rizwan Akhtar Khan, my sister Soobia Khan and brother-in-law Saad Javed Khan and especially to my wife, Dr. Syeda Quratulaen Tahir, who supported me on every step of this M.Phil. And finally, my love and thanks to my two beautiful sons, Maaz & Musab for understanding my busy schedule with their innocent smiles.
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Retinopathy is one of the most frequent and serious complication of diabetes mellitus and leading cause of blindness worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine frequency and pattern of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients at tertiary care settings in Abbottabad. This was a descriptive cross-sectional comparative study being conducted at Ayub Teaching Hospital and Northern Institute of Medical Sciences Abbottabad. It included 100 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients who were attending diabetic clinics of these tertiary care hospitals. Already diagnosed type 2 patients taking anti-diabetic medication, type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, retinal vasculitis, retinal vessel occlusion, and sickle cell retinopathy were excluded. After pupillary dilatation, detailed fundoscopic examination was carried out via direct ophthalmoscopy and further confirmed by an ophthalmologist. According to fundoscopic findings, retinopathy was graded into background, pr...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
Diabetic retinopathy is a microangiopathy primarily affecting pre-capillary venules, although larger vessels may also be involved. Retinopathy exhibits features of both microvascular occulusion and leakage. Diabetic maculopathy is the most common cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients. AIMS To asses the prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) in diabetic patients. To find the correlation of diabetic retinopathy with various risk factors. SETTING AND DESIGN Hospital based prospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Detailed history with visual acuity, slit lamp examination, fundus examination, IOP and Gonioscopy were recorded. INVESTIGATIONS Blood sugar (F) and (PP), Lipid profile, Hb1ac. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Chi-square test and Fisher exact test. Crude Odds' ratio for strength of association. RESULTS Prevalence of DR was found to be 72%: NPDR (59.3%), PDR (5.4%) and maculopathy (7.3%). Chances of retinopathy were found to be more with increased duration of diabetes. Males were found to have more chances of developing retinopathy. No significant association with increased IOP, hypertension or altered lipid profile was found. CONCLUSION Diabetic retinopathy risk in diabetic patients depends on age, sex, duration of diabetes, blood sugar (F) levels, altered renal function and also on types of diabetes.