Determination of oxytetracycline residues in matrixes from a freshwater recirculating aquaculture system (original) (raw)
Related papers
The Analysis of Oxytetracycline Residue in Tissues of Cultured Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)
Health Scope, 2017
Background: Oxytetracycline (OTC) is commonly used in aquaculture industry and has high potency against bacterial diseases. Objectives: The present study aimed at examining the rate of oxytetracycline (OTC) antibiotic residue in the tissues of cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Methods: Samples were taken randomly from the livers and fillets of 45 rainbow trout from 15 large aquaculture ponds in Hamadan province, West of Iran. The OTC residue was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Data analysis was performed with SPSS (V.18) (mean and standard deviation), and Man-Whitney test was employed for statistical analysis. Results: The results revealed that OTC residue were 389 to 641 ppb in the livers and 175 to 295 ppb in the fillets, respectively. However, in 86.66% of the samples (liver and fillet) the amounts of OTC residue was found to be higher than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) in codex alimentarius commission, and 13.33% of the samples (liver and fillet) were within the standard range. Analysis of input and output data using Man-Whitney test showed significant differences in liver and fillet (P < 0.05). Conclusions: This research determined that the use of OTC must be reduced to an acceptable level in aquaculture industry. Also, antibiotic residue in rainbow trout must be controlled before their delivery to the market.
Aquaculture, 1996
The data presented in previously published reports of 17 separate therapeutic administrations of oxytetracycline in marine fish farms have been analysed. The primary aim of these analyses was to investigate the validity of the hypothesis that deposition on the sediment is the fate of the dominant fraction of the administered oxytetracycline. In the majority of studies, deficiencies in the empirical data necessitated the formulation of a number of assumptions particularly with respect to the vertical and horizontal distribution of the oxytetracycline in the under-cage sediments. The inevitability of errors associated with the use of such assumptions was recognised and, as a consequence, each of the assumptions was formulated in such a way as to favour the sediment deposition hypothesis. Despite this deliberate bias in its favour, the analyses of the available data from all but one of the field studies provides a strong refutation of the general applicability of the sediment deposition model. In 13 of the 17 studies there was sufficient data provided to allow the estimation of concentrations of oxytetracycline detected in the immediate under-cage sediment as a function of the amount administered to each cage per treatment. In 12 of these studies the mean sediment concentration, expressed as oxytetracycline concentration in the sediment (kg/g) per kg oxytetracycline administered, to a single cage, during the treatment studied, was 0.76 + 0.67 kg/g/kg/cage.
Aquaculture, 1991
Rogstad, A., Hormazabal, V., Ellingsen, O.F. and Rasmussen, K.E., 199 1. Pharmacokinetic study of oxytetracycline in fish. I. Absorption, distribution and accumulation in rainbow trout in freshwater.
The Analyst, 1994
Oxytetracycline is an antibacterial agent widely used in fish farming. The normal method of administration of oxytetracycline to the fish is to mix the drug into the feed. As a consequence, the concentration of the drug in feed, together with the preparation and the composition of feed, can influence the disposition of the drug itself. An experimental study was carried out to evaluate the residue depletion of oxytetracycline from muscle tissue of channel catfish (Zctalurus punctatus) fed different medicated diets. Three hundred channel catfish were randomly divided into six tanks (50 fish per tank), maintained at water temperatures of 18 "C (three tanks) and 23 "C (three tanks). The animals were fed with three diets, differing in their energy content and composition, for the duration of the experiment oxytetracycline was added to the diets at a level of 7500 mg kg-1 for 7 d. After cessation of the treatment, five fish from each tank were killed and 40. Oxytetracycline residues in muscle tissue were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results indicate that the energy level and chemical composition of the medicated diets administered to channel catfish influence oxytetracycline disposition in fish, and that temperature is an important factor in conditioning the reported dietary effects. Therefore, formulation of specific diets to administer drugs to farmed fish could assure better bioavailability of the chemotherapeutant and shorter withdrawal times.
Oxytetracycline residue in Tilapia
Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 2018
The present study was conducted to determine the persistence of oxytetracycline residue in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) available in local fish markets of Sylhet Sadar Upazila. To carry out this experiment, 24 fish samples were randomly collected from four (4) local fish markets under study area from March 2016 to August 2016. Fish samples were analyzed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method to detect amount of residues of oxytetracycline. In this study, detectable oxytetracycline residues were observed in five (5) samples of Tilapia ranged between 23.77-39.94 ppb (mean 38.88±2.99 ppb). Oxytetracycline residues less than limit of detection were also found in 19 (79.17%) samples. The detected residues of oxytetracycline in these fish samples did not exceed the maximum residue limit (MRL) 100 ppb recommended by the European Commission. However, long term persistence of high level oxytetracyclines could be a potential hazardous for public health. For this reas...
Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 1995
A high-performance liquid chromatographic analytical method was developed for the determination of oxytetracycline in Artemia nauplii. A solid-phase extraction protocol was used to recover oxytetracycline and the internal standard tetracycline, from the Artemia samples. Oxytetracycline was analyzed using a 150 x 4.6 mm I.D. Hypersil-ODS column, a mobile phase of acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran-0.01 M oxalic acid buffer (pH 3.0) (15:3:82, v/v), and an ultraviolet detection wavelength of 365 nm. The calibration curve of oxytetracycline in Artemia was linear (r 2--0.9998) from 0.1 to 6.4 /zg/g of tissue. Using a signal-to-noise ratio of 4:1 the oxytetracycline detection limit was 10 ng/g of tissue. Mean recovery of oxytetracycline amounted to 97%, while intra-assay variability was 1.5%. Quantitative data from an in-vivo feeding study indicated an excellent uptake of oxytetracycline by Artemia, as its levels reached 25.6/xg per g of nauplii.
One-step liquid chromatographic method for the determination of oxytetracycline in fish muscle
Journal of Chromatography B, 2004
A one-step simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of oxytetracycline (OTC) in fish tissue. The method involves liquid extraction of muscle tissue, precipitation of proteins and reversed phase HPLC analysis with spectrophotometric detection. The limit of quantitation of OTC in spiked fish muscle was 0.04 g/g and the method showed high linearity (r 2 = >0.999) in the working range of 0.04-2 g/g. The precision (%R.S.D.) was between 1.9 and 7.5% for the concentration range 0.04-1.0 g/g and there was no significant difference between the concentrations determined on three different test days for all four spiked concentrations. The percentage recovery over the spiked concentration range 0.04-1.0 g/g was consistently within a narrow range of 33-35%. While the method had the advantage of high precision, sensitivity and linearity, the method's additional salient advantages included high sample through-put (60 individual preparations per day) and minimum amount of consumables, time and labour required to perform the analysis. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study.
Aquaculture, 1997
On 15 occasions, during and after a therapeutic treatment of fish in an Atlantic salmon farm, oxytetracycline concentrations were determined in samples of blue mussels collected at two sites in the vicinity of the farm. Oxytetracycline was not detected in any samples of mussels collected 20 m from the cage block at a depth of 1 m. Those mussels sampled from immediately under one cage (Cage 65) at the farm (10-l 1 m depth) contained a concentration of 10.2 pg oxytetracycline g -' of soft tissue on the last day of treatment. After the end of oxytetracycline administration the concentration detected in these samples declined exponentially (u* = 0.94) with a half-life of approximately 2 days.
Journal of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences and Applications, 1995
A high-performance liquid chromatographic analytical method was developed for the determination of oxytetracycline in Artemia nauplii. A solid-phase extraction protocol was used to recover oxytetracycline and the internal standard tetracycline, from the Artemia samples. Oxytetracycline was analyzed using a 150 x 4.6 mm I.D. Hypersil-ODS column, a mobile phase of acetonitrile-tetrahydrofuran-0.01 M oxalic acid buffer (pH 3.0) (15:3:82, v/v), and an ultraviolet detection wavelength of 365 nm. The calibration curve of oxytetracycline in Artemia was linear (r 2-0.9998) from 0.1 to 6.4 /zg/g of tissue. Using a signal-to-noise ratio of 4:1 the oxytetracycline detection limit was 10 ng/g of tissue. Mean recovery of oxytetracycline amounted to 97%, while intra-assay variability was 1.5%. Quantitative data from an in-vivo feeding study indicated an excellent uptake of oxytetracycline by Artemia, as its levels reached 25.6/xg per g of nauplii.
Aquaculture Research, 1999
Oxytetracycline (OTC), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, is used widely to treat bacterial diseases in farmed ®sh. In the present study, the time course of OTC concentrations in freshwater rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), and seawater chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), were compared, tissue by tissue, after receiving a bolus dose of the antibiotic (5 mg kg ±1 or 50 mg kg ±1 ) intraarterially (i.a.). The OTC concentration±time pro®les of rainbow trout tissues were found to be very similar to those of the corresponding tissues in chinook salmon. Therefore, neither water salinity nor ®sh species seemed to play an important role in the disposition and elimination of OTC in these salmonids. In a separate experiment, rainbow trout were implanted surgically with a urinary cannula and received a single dose of OTC (50 mg kg ±1 ) i.a. Urine was collected from the cannula daily for 13 days. The amount of OTC excreted into the bile was found to be larger than that eliminated by the urine. These results show the similarity of OTC pharmacokinetics in freshwater rainbow trout and seawater chinook salmon and render support in using a single ®sh species to study the pharmacokinetics of a drug for other species in the same taxon.