Saliva - An Efficient Tool in the Estimation of Glucose Level - A Comparative Study (original) (raw)
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A pilot study on utility of salivary glucose levels to monitor diabetes mellitus
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2018
Aim: To utilize salivary glucose levels as a measure to monitor Diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: The fasting whole saliva and serum was collected from 100 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and were analyzed for glucose. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: In this study a good correlation was observed between salivary and serum glucose levels. Conclusion: Salivary glucose levels can serve as a marker in diagnosing and monitoring type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Salivary glucose, Serum glucose
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2023
Background: There is alarming rise in number of people with diabetes mellitus over these years. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the fifth most common condition and the sixth leading cause of mortality amongst the elderly. Finding a relationship between the blood glucose level and its concentration in other body fluids such as the saliva can help in developing an on invasive method for blood sugar assessment replacing venous sampling. Objective of this study was to see the correlation between fasting blood glucose and fasting salivary glucose levels. Methods: This cross sectional study included 200 randomly selected subjects, of which 100 were known diabetes constituted test group and 100 were normal healthy subjects, age-and sex-matched individuals constituted the controls. Fasting blood glucose and salivary glucose levels were measured by using glucose oxidase peroxidase methods. Data were recorded on a preforma in Microsoft excel sheet. Pearson's coefficient of correlation was applied to find out any significant correlation between the fasting blood glucose and fasting salivary glucose levels. Results: Results were obtained by statistical calculation and plotted with respect to scatter and bar diagram was done and a p<0.05 was considered significant (with 95% CI). Conclusions: A significant positive correlation exists between fasting blood glucose and fasting salivary glucose in both the test groups.
Correlation of Salivary Glucose Level with Blood Glucose Level in Diabetes Mellitus
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Research, 2012
Objectives: There is alarming rise in number of people with diabetes mellitus over these years. If glucose in saliva is linked to glucose in blood it can be used to detect diabetes mellitus at an early stage. The present study is undertaken with the aim to assess the correlation of salivary glucose level with blood glucose level in people with diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: For investigations, 2 sets of samples of people with diabetes and the age and sex matched nondiabetic subjects were recruited. The salivary glucose was analyzed in unstimulated whole saliva samples using glucose oxidase method. Pearson's correlation coefficient test was applied to assess the correlation between salivary glucose level and blood glucose level. Results: The significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation of salivary glucose level and fasting blood glucose level was observed in people with uncontrolled diabetes in both the sets of samples. Conclusions: Although study suggests some potential for saliva as a marker in monitoring of diabetes mellitus, there are many aspects that need clarification before we reach to a conclusion.
Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences, 2017
Diabetes mellitus is a complex multi-system disorder and is the most common endocrine disorder with potentially devastating complications that affects all age groups worldwide. Currently, a diagnosis of diabetes is achieved by evaluating blood glucose levels. Monitoring blood glucose at frequent intervals causes unnecessary discomfort and mental trauma to patients; therefore, a much simpler and non-invasive technique for the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes is very desirable. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 subjects were included (100 subjects in each group).Based on their clinical history, two groups were created; group I (Diabetic patients) & group II (Healthy controls). Both the groups were screened for plasma and salivary glucose levels. Result: The mean values of blood glucose were 115.230mg/dl ±21.4 for control group and 213.546mg/dl±68 for diabetic group. The mean values of salivary glucose were 4.272mg/dl±2.23 for healthy controls and 13.603mg/dl±5.599 for diabetic group. The correlation coefficient between serum glucose and salivary glucose was calculated and the 'r' value was found to be 0.7686, which was highly significant (P value 0.01). It is worth noting that the significance of the study group was much greater than that of the control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that saliva can be used as a diagnostic tool in assessment of blood glucose concentration. However further studies with larger and varied sample size are needed to strengthen our results.
Role of Salivary Glucose in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences
Objectives: To determine the correlation of fasting salivary glucose with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) for the diagnosis and monitoring of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A case - control study was carried out from 11th March to 30th August 2021, involving 88 participants out of which 44 were healthy controls and 44 participants were known T2DM who had FPG ≥ 126 mg/dl or 7.0 mmol/L. FPG was measured by Glucose oxidase method and HbA1c by National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) certified chromatography. Results: T2DM group had significantly higher FPG, HbA1c and salivary glucose values. Both diabetics and healthy controls showed a positive correlation of fasting salivary glucose with FPG. The correlation coefficient (r) was 0.689 and 0.477 for cases and control groups respectively. Similarly, a positive correlation of fasting salivary glucose with HbA1c was observed with the value of r 0.433 and 0.498 for diabetic and heal...
Can saliva offer an advantage in monitoring of diabetes mellitus? - A case control study
Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry, 2014
Diabetes Mellitus is emerging as a major health problem over these years. Present method of blood glucose monitoring by venepuncture is invasive leading to reduced patient compliance and thereby ineffective judicious monitoring. The need of the hour is to direct research in the direction of establishing painless and more acceptable blood glucose analysis method.The objective of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the concentrations of salivary glucose and blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study assessed glucose levels using the glucose oxidase method in blood and unstimulated saliva in 90 subjects who were divided into 3 equal groups of controlled type 2 diabetes, uncontrolled type 2 diabetes and those without diabetes. Statistical analysis was carried out using one way ANOVA, Post hoc Tukeys tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient test. Salivary glucose levels were significantly higher in patients with diabetes than controls. There was a...
International journal of scientific research, 2021
Aim & Objective: To estimate and compare of serum and salivary glucose level in diabetic and non-diabetic patient and saliva can be used as a non invasive diagnostic uid in Diabetic Mellitus patients. Material and method: This comparative cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Dentistry & orthopaedic, Government medical college Jalaun (Orai) U.P. included 100 subjects aged between 30-60 years including both genders (Male & Female) , which were divided into two groups; Group-I (Control): 50 Non-Diabetic Mellitus patients Group-II (Study): 50 Diabetic Mellitus patients. Serum and saliva collected from all participants and analyzed by auto-analyzer, followed by standard solution and the readings were noted, noted reading used for tabulation master chart and statistical analysis done. Results: One way ANOVA student t test with Tukey HSD applied and found highly signicant value in all groups. Mean age was calculated in group I & II respectively ±43.94 & ±44.64 years. In group I, mean value of serum ±90.1 mg/dl & in group II serum glucose level mean was 188.32 mg/dl and salivary glucose level in group I, ±0.34 mg/dl and group II, ±4.52 mg/dl. When comparison was done between group I and group II on the bases of Fasting Serum glucose level respectively 90.1 mg/dl and 188.32 mg/dl and salivary fasting glucose level 0.34 mg/dl and 4.52 mg/dl respectively. Conclusion: On the behalf of present study saliva is non-invasive, cost effective and multiple sampling in one patient diagnostic biological uid in diabetic mellitus, it can also use on large population, easy to collect and process.
2021
Diabetes mellitus is defined as a group of chronic metabolic diseases that are characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and other related metabolic disturbances. It is caused either by relative/absolute insulin deficiency or cellular resistance to insulin action, or both. Due to delay in the diagnosis process, and fear of the disease and its investigative procedure by some patients, diabetes mellitus has become the major cause of death. The most commonly employed investigative procedure to diagnose diabetes mellitus and controlling glycemia is blood investigation. Unfortunately, the procedure is invasive, painful, and may cause discomfort to patients due to the need for frequent testing. Consequently, a noninvasive, much simpler, and painless procedure is very desirable. Saliva represents an attractive alternative sample and offers a distinct advantage as it can be collected noninvasively and easily without special skill, and is low cost. The present review has found more studies with...
Estimation of glucose levels in blood and saliva-a comparative study
International Journal of Current Advanced Research
BACKGROUND: Blood is the most common biological fluid used in investigatory projects but it is an invasive procedure, saliva is another biological fluid that can be used as an alternative to blood since it is less invasive and most of the biological parameters found using blood can also be identified in saliva AIM: to estimate the glucose levels in blood and saliva and verify if there is a correlation between them. OBJECTIVE: to compare the glucose levels in blood and saliva and estimate the level and justify that the levels in both are equal METHOD: The study group comprised of 25 randomly selected patients. Blood collection: The samples were collected using the venipuncture methods. Values were calculated using a semi auto analyzer to estimate the random blood glucose levels. Saliva collection: Mostly only stimulated saliva was collected from the subjects. The saliva was collected by asking the participants to spit into the eppendorf, after rinsing their mouth. Statistical analysis: Pearson's correlation test was done on the data collected and it showed a negative correlation. RESULT: When the statistical analysis was done it showed a negative correlation in the study, which means that if salivary glucose levels decreases the blood glucose levels increase. CONCLUSION: The present study sheds some light on the importance of early diagnosis and preferment and utilization of non-invasive saliva analysis over the invasive blood analysis. Even though the present study shows a negative correlation more research should be conducted in this area.
Salivary Glucose Level in Diabetic Patients: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study
2014
Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic endocrine disease characterized by hyperglycemic state owing to insulin deficiency or its resistance. Its diagnosis and monitoring requires regular measurement of blood glucose level, which is very apprehensive and painful to the patients. Therefore it necessitates the need of less invasive body fluid like saliva, whose collection is easy, economical, and painless and doesn’t require expertise. Hence this study was carried out to correlate the fasting salivary glucose with fasting serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin in diabetes patients and compare it with healthy control and to substantiate the role of saliva as a diagnostic tool. This was a hospital based comparative cross sectional study. We included 50 newly diagnosed case of diabetes and 50 healthy age and sex matched control after taking their informed consent. Five ml fasting unstimulated saliva and 5 ml fasting blood was collected under standard conditions and the sample were processed immedi...