Study of some water quality parameters of Kolong riverine system of Nagaon, India (original) (raw)
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Assessment of Water Quality Index of the Kolong River of Nagaon District of Assam, India
The objective of the study is to analyze the Water Quality Index (WQI) and analysis of variations of Water Quality Index parameters along the Kolong River,Nagaon, Assam, after the breaching of Hatimura dyke in 2017. WQI provides a single number that expresses overall water quality at a certain location and time based on several water quality parameters.The objective of a WQI is to turn complex water quality data into information that is understandable and useable by the public.Kolong River flows through the heart of the Nagaon urban area dividing the town into Nagaon and Haiborgaon in Assam.The blockage of the river flow was adopted as a flood control measure to protect its riparian areas, especially the Nagaon town, from flood hazard. So, Hatimura dyke was constructed across the river " s takeoff point near Hatimura in 1964. The river, once a blooming distributary of the mighty Brahmaputra, had high navigability and rich riparian biodiversity with agriculturally productive watershed. However, the present status of Kolong River is highly wretched as a consequence of the post-dam effects thus leaving it as stagnant pools of polluted waterwith negligible socioeconomic and ecological value. But in August 2017, due to heavy flood the Hatimura dyke was breached and the breach allowed floodwaters to flow in through Kolongriver. In this study, river samples were collected and analyzed from twelve different study sites during March 2018 to April 2018, i.e. in pre monsoon period covering the entire river to study the after effect of floodwater in the Kolongriver. The physico-chemical parameter of water such as Iron, Ammonia and Bacteria were analyzed. The calculation of Water Quality Index was done by using Weighted Arithmetic Index Method. The WQI value of these samples ranges from 58.87-216.53, which shows that water in all the sites are unsuitable for drinking. Thus, river needs proper treatment to conserve this water body from future contamination and pollutions.
Water Chemistry of Kolong River, Assam, India and Management Strategies
Regular Issue, 2019
Kolong river which is located in Nagaon district of Assam, India is among the 275 most polluted rivers in India, according to a report of the Central Pollution Control Board, Government of India. The rise in pollution with respect to rivers over the last few decades due to their incredible importance in several human uses as well as a medium for provision of ecosystem services all over the world. The present investigation was carried out for a period of four seasons, namely, Pre-monsoon, Monsoon, Retreating Monsoon and Winter for the year 2017. Samples of water from two sites of the River Kolong, namely, Site I (Jakhalabandha) and Site II (Nagaon Town), were collected and analysed. The physico-chemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, Conductivity, Alkalinity, Transparency, Hardness, Chloride, Magnesium, Phosphate, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were evaluated. Observations imply that the water quality in Site II was poor and unfit for drinking, compared to Site I. The present study also includes a discussion on the economic implications of Kolong's water quality and the strategies for its management. The study finally emphasizes that state intervention and people's participation is essential for maintaining and preserving the ecological health of the Kolong river in its pristine state.
Applied Water Science, 2016
The Kolong River of Nagaon district, Assam has been facing serious degradation leading to its current moribund condition due to a drastic human intervention in the form of an embankment put across it near its takeoff point from the Brahmaputra River in the year 1964. The blockage of the river flow was adopted as a flood control measure to protect its riparian areas, especially the Nagaon town, from flood hazard. The river, once a blooming distributary of the mighty Brahmaputra, had high navigability and rich riparian biodiversity with a well established agriculturally productive watershed. However, the present status of Kolong River is highly wretched as a consequence of the post-dam effects thus leaving it as stagnant pools of polluted water with negligible socioeconomic and ecological value. The Central Pollution Control Board, in one of its report has placed the Kolong River among 275 most polluted rivers of India. Thus, this study is conducted to analyze the seasonal water quality status of the Kolong River in terms of water quality index (WQI). The WQI scores shows very poor to unsuitable quality of water samples in almost all the seven sampling sites along the Kolong River. The water quality is found to be most deteriorated during monsoon season with an average WQI value of 122.47 as compared to pre-monsoon and postmonsoon season having average WQI value of 85.73 and 80.75, respectively. Out of the seven sampling sites, Hatimura site (S1) and Nagaon Town site (S4) are observed to be the most polluted sites.
Healthy natural ecosystem is an indispensable prerequisite of a hale and hearty society. Although the socioeconomic , cultural as well as the political well-being of a region is directly correlated to a healthy and sustainable ecosystem, the mankind has relentlessly been tampering with these valued assets of nature for their comfort. Moreover, out of all the existing ecosystems it is a fact that aquatic ecosystem is the most imperiled one. Thus, it is the need of the hour to take some stern and state-of-the-art actions towards upholding the aquatic ecosystems of our environment. Like many other rivers of the world, the Kolong River of Assam is also going through a staid phase of degeneration as a result of human intervention, for the last half century. The objective of the present study is to reveal the ailing condition of the Kolong River along Nagaon town and to assess the change in the trend of its water quality parameters for a time interval of twenty years (i.e. 1992 to 2013). The results revealed that river discharge has diminished with time except for the peak monsoonal period. Similarly, few water quality parameters viz. Conductivity, total alkalinity, BOD, total hardness, calcium, magnesium and chloride has shown an increasing trend while pH, DO and phosphate evidenced a decreasing trend, which in turn highlighted the elevated level of pollution in the river. Thus, the temporal variations of water quality and hydrological variables have led to the escalating focus on work of river restoration and rejuvenation.
Analysis of Water Quality Parameters at Tuensang Town, Nagaland, India
International journal of science and research, 2023
Present study is carried out to asses' different parameters (physiochemical) of water for public health safety. Important results of the physico-chemical analysis of the PHED Water supplied main reservoirs Tuensang town for a period of one year from 5 st January 2022 to 3 rd December 2022, continuous monitoring analysis at District Water Quality Testing Laboratory Tuensang (NABL Accredited lab). During these investigation some of the important parameters which determine the status of taste, color, odour, PH, Turbidity, TDS, Electrical conductivity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, alkalinity, chloride, fluoride, nitrate and iron. It is found that the water sampling is found within the WHO and BIS: 10500: 2012 Permissible limits. However, Turbidity, hardness and PH goes higher during Monsoon season. Results indicate shows water tank is non-polluted and can be used for domestic and human consumption purpose.
Assessment of Water Quality Parameters in Kamle District, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Environmental Monitoring
In the Kamle District of Arunachal Pradesh, rapid constructions, road cutting, excavation, and indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture practices are causing a variety of pollution in the aquatic environment, resulting in deterioration of water quality and depletion of aquatic biota. Humans contract water-borne infections such as typhoid and diarrhea as a result of drinking this contaminated water. As a result, it is required to monitor water quality at regular intervals to evaluate if it is suitable for human consumption or other uses such as irrigation, industry, and so on. The results of investigations on various water quality indicators from various water sources in Kamle District, Arunachal Pradesh, are described in this study paper for both the post-monsoon and pre-monsoon periods. pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total dissolved solids, nitrate, and phosphate, among other physical and chemical water parameters, were tested and rese...
Water quality evaluation of Himalayan Rivers of Kumaun region, Uttarakhand, India
Applied Water Science, 2014
Water quality of Himalayan rivers has been steadily deteriorating over several decades due to anthropogenic activities, dumping of treated or untreated effluents, poor structured sewerage and drainage system, etc. In the present study, the water quality of five important rivers namely, Gola, Kosi, Ramganga, Saryu and Lohawati rivers were investigated which flow through the different districts of Kumaun region of Uttarakhand Himalaya. The water of all these rivers serves as the major source for drinking and irrigation purposes in these districts of the Kumaun region of Uttarakhand. River water samples collected in premonsoon and post-monsoon seasons of the years 2011 and 2012 were analyzed for various water quality characteristics. Statistical analyses indicate positive correlation among most of the chemical parameters. Piper diagram illustrates that all the water samples fall in Ca-Mg-HCO 3 hydrochemical facies, Moreover, the suitability of water for drinking purposes determined by water quality index indicated that river water in both the seasons is unsuitable. Irrigation water quality of all the river water was found suitable during both the seasons according to the result of sodium adsorption ratio, sodium percentage and residual sodium carbonate. The present study revealed that major factors contributing to deterioration of water quality of all the rivers might be eutrophication, tourism, anthropogenic and geogenic processes. Therefore, to restore the vitality and water quality of all these rivers, proper water resource planning programme should be developed.
2020
River Kopili, regarded as one of the most important Southern bank tributaries of the mighty river Brahmaputra, is facing a tremendous pollution threat from its riparian areas, especially in its upper stretches due to anthropogenic activities. The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) in one of its report has placed the Kopili river in 4th rank among the 56 most polluted river of North-East region. The results of the present study showed that water quality index [1] of the river ranges from poor to unsuitable quality of water for drinking in almost all the five sampling stations. The water quality found to be deteriorated during winter season with an average WQI value of 81.88 as compared to pre-monsoon and monsoon season with an average value of 67.13 and 80.12 respectively. According to the water quality index, station 4 and 5 are recorded to be the most polluted stations among the study area. Thus, all the above analysis showed that the riverine ecosystem is moderately polluted, ...
Water Quality Status Based on Physicochemical Parameters of Some Rivers in West Bengal, India
Sanjay Dey , 2022
Various industries water seriously affect river water as it directly falls in the river. WHO indicates that the effects of pollution are an indicator of the quality of water. Water quality indicates that river water is deteriorated by many organic contaminants. Domestic wastes, irrigation are other causes of river pollution. West Bengal has many rivers. Bhagirathi Hooghly is a prime river. Some important rivers are Teesta, Damodar, Rupnarayan, Ajay, Mayurakshi. Periodic evaluation of water quality is necessary for improving water. To maintain water quality, monitoring programs must be essential. The Pollution status of water is mainly measured by WQI. This paper shows the water quality parameters of Rivers in West Bengal.