Лукьяшко С. И. Новая находка длинного скифского меча с золотой обкладкой рукояти / A NEW FIND OF A LONG SCYTHIAN SWORD WITH A GOLDEN HILT LINING (original) (raw)
Related papers
Topal Denis, “Scythian blade weaponry of 7th–4th centuries BC (South-western part of Eastern Europe)”. For the scientific degree: PhD in History, Kishinev, 2018. Structure of the paper: Introduction, four chapters, general conclusions and recommendations, bibliography, four appendixes including the catalogue of artefacts, figures and maps. Obtained results were published in 15 scientific articles. Keywords: Scythian culture, Carpathian-Danube region, Scythian weaponry, blade weaponry, akinakes. Field of research: 613.01 – Archaeology. The aim of the thesis: generalization and systematization of data on blade weaponry from the territory of the European area of Scythian culture. Objectives of the thesis: Generalization of historiographic observations, allocation of functional groups in the mass of Scythian akinakai, identification of chronologically significant features, allocation of types which have chronological importance and verification of typological constructions on the material of western part of the Scythian area. Methodology: Comparative analysis of the empirical distribution of variation series of features, mapping, comparative chronological analysis of closed complexes, cross-dating. Scientific novelty. The data on the blade weaponry of the western part of Scythian culture were summarized for the first time, and as a result, the local features are revealed. These typological constructions were verified and a new grouping on the territorial principle was proposed, the links between the groups were identified, their chronological positions were refined. Analysis of the distribution of complexes and stray finds has made it possible to identify the routes of penetration of weaponry and their carriers into the Carpathian-Danube region. Solved scientific problem. As a result of research, a scientific problem related to the evolution of Scythian blade weaponry on the South-East of Eastern Europe was solved. The main chronological changes in morphology and origins of Scythian akinakes were identified (North Caucasus, Dnieper forest-steppe, Transylvania). In addition, the dynamics of the moving of these centres was documented chronologically. The theoretical value of the paper is determined by an integrated approach to solving the issues of the chronology of Scythian armament and the problems of penetration of early nomads into South-Eastern Europe. The practical significance of the paper. The results of the research could be used: in compilations on ancient history and archeology of Eastern Europe, as well as on the history of armament of nomads in the Early Iron Age; in the preparation of textbooks and manuals; in the process of the development of special courses in historical disciplines; in the creation of museum expositions. Implementation of scientific results. The results of the research were presented by the author during the 10 International conferences, seminars and colloquia.
Topal Denis, “Scythian blade weaponry of 7th–4th centuries BC (South-western part of Eastern Europe)”. For the scientific degree: PhD in History, Kishinev, 2018. Structure of the paper: Introduction, four chapters, general conclusions and recommendations, bibliography, four appendixes including the catalogue of artefacts, figures and maps. Obtained results were published in 15 scientific articles. Keywords: Scythian culture, Carpathian-Danube region, Scythian weaponry, blade weaponry, akinakes. Field of research: 613.01 – Archaeology. The aim of the thesis: generalization and systematization of data on blade weaponry from the territory of the European area of Scythian culture. Objectives of the thesis: Generalization of historiographic observations, allocation of functional groups in the mass of Scythian akinakai, identification of chronologically significant features, allocation of types which have chronological importance and verification of typological constructions on the material of western part of the Scythian area. Methodology: Comparative analysis of the empirical distribution of variation series of features, mapping, comparative chronological analysis of closed complexes, cross-dating. Scientific novelty. The data on the blade weaponry of the western part of Scythian culture were summarized for the first time, and as a result, the local features are revealed. These typological constructions were verified and a new grouping on the territorial principle was proposed, the links between the groups were identified, their chronological positions were refined. Analysis of the distribution of complexes and stray finds has made it possible to identify the routes of penetration of weaponry and their carriers into the Carpathian-Danube region. Solved scientific problem. As a result of research, a scientific problem related to the evolution of Scythian blade weaponry on the South-East of Eastern Europe was solved. The main chronological changes in morphology and origins of Scythian akinakes were identified (North Caucasus, Dnieper forest-steppe, Transylvania). In addition, the dynamics of the moving of these centres was documented chronologically. The theoretical value of the paper is determined by an integrated approach to solving the issues of the chronology of Scythian armament and the problems of penetration of early nomads into South-Eastern Europe. The practical significance of the paper. The results of the research could be used: in compilations on ancient history and archeology of Eastern Europe, as well as on the history of armament of nomads in the Early Iron Age; in the preparation of textbooks and manuals; in the process of the development of special courses in historical disciplines; in the creation of museum expositions. Implementation of scientific results. The results of the research were presented by the author during the 10 International conferences, seminars and colloquia.
Скіфський меч зі Слов'янська (Scythian sword from Sloviansk)
2019
Recently new chance find of the Scythian long sword was presented in the Sloviansk regional museum. Thanks to attention of activists and officials, it was restored in a proper manner. The sword has zoomorphic antenna pommel, triangular crossguard and long blade with grooves. Due to analogies from the burials, this sword dates by the middle — late 5th century BC. Similar finds are known from Beresniahy, barrow 4, Aktash, barrow 48 and others. This period was time of permanent conflicts and in-stability in Northern Black Sea region. For example, such prominent sites as Motronyn and Western Bilsk hillforts became desolate. It is interesting that range of 5th century BC bladed weapon was very wide. At the same time, Sloviansk region was sparsely populated frontier of the Scythian culture. However, there are known some individual weapon chance finds and separated burials. They are located near the watershed rout that later was named Muravskii way. We can assume that they mark area of nomad’s strategic interests and points of clashes for the salt lakes and fertile floodplains in the Siverskii Dinets basin. In addition, it should be noted that hypothesis about chance finds of swords as remains of Ares’s altar has no reliable evidences
2021
В статье с привлечением новых находок рассмотрены известные на сегодняшний день бронзовые плоские черешковые наконечники стрел с жальцами, обнаруженные в степной и лесостепной зонах Северного Причерноморья. Всего учтено 19 черешковых наконечников стрел с жальцами и три негатива подобных изделий на литейных формах. Ареал распространения таких изделий охватывает всю западную часть региона – между Карпато-Подунавьем и бассейном Днепра. Находки концентрируются в южной части Среднего Поднепровья (9 экз.), Северо-Западном Причерноморье (5 экз.), Верхнем Поднестровье (3 экз.); по одному наконечнику найдено в Подолии и Северной Буковине. Все известные на сегодняшний день литейные формы для изготовления черешковых наконечников стрел с жальцами происходят из Северо-Западного Причерноморья, что позволяет локализовать здесь один из центров по их изготовлению. На основании особенностей конструкции черешка предложено разделение типа плоских черешковых наконечников стрел с жальцами на пять вариантов. Кроме того, рассматривается возможность при необходимости выделения подвариантов: по ширине пера, длине черешка, наличию нервюры в средней части пера, асимметричности жалец, массивности и т. д. В Северном Причерноморье наконечники стрел рассматриваемого типа, контекст находки которых достоверно известен (Магала, Новоселица, Волковка, Гордеевка, Петриков, Старые Буюканы), связаны с закрытыми и замкнутыми комплексами периода BrD – HaB1 (XIII–X вв. до н.э.). В этих пределах могут быть датированы и все случайные находки из региона. На появление в Северном Причерноморье бронзовых черешковых наконечников стрел с жальцами, возможно, повлияли контакты с балкано-карпатскими и ближневосточными культурными центрами. Нельзя также исключать, что в основе регионального изготовления таких наконечников лежит подражание местным кремневым изделиям такого типа, встречающимся в различных культурах эпохи бронзы. The article considers the currently known bronze flat petiolate arrowheads with stings found in the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Northern Black Sea region, along with new finds. In total, 19 petiolate arrowheads with stings and 3 negatives of similar products on casting molds were taken into account. The distribution area of such items covers the entire western part of the region, between Danube-Carpathian region and the Dnieper basin. The finds are concentrated in the southern part of the Middle Dnieper region (9 items), the North-West Black Sea region (5 items), and the Upper Dniester region (3 items). One arrowhead was found in Podolia and another one was discovered in Northern Bukovina. All currently known casting molds for manufacturing petiolate arrowheads stings come from the North-Western Black Sea region, which allows to localize there one of manufacturing centers. Based on the design features of petiolate, it is proposed to divide all flat petiolate arrowheads with stings into five types. In addition, it is considered the possibility of selecting sub-variants if necessary: by the width of the feather, by the length of the petiole, by the presence of rib in the middle of the feather, by the asymmetry of the stings, by massiveness, etc. Arrowheads of the discussed type, with their archaeological context being reliably known (Magala, Novoselitsa, Volkovka, Gordeevka, Petrikov, Stary Buyukany), are associated with closed complexes of the BrD-HaB1 period (XIII-X centuries BC) in the North Black Sea region. All occasional finds from the region can be dated within these limits. The arrival of bronze petiolate arrowheads with stings in the Northern Black Sea region may have been influenced by contacts with the Balkan-Carpathian and Middle Eastern cultural centers. It cannot be ruled out that the regional manufacturing of such arrowheads could be based on imitating local flint implements of the same type, found in various Bronze Age cultures.
In the paper introduce into scientific use the new, previously undefined details of sword hilts, which were found in mounds of the Gnezdovo (the Smolensk region) and the Petrovsky (the Yaroslavl region) cemeteries of the Old Rus’ state formation period. These details present the iron hilt plates of triangular form, encrusted by non-ferrous metal. The paper defines a range of analogies (both direct and remote) to the Old Rus’ hilt plates, originated from Latvia, Denmark, Sweden and Finland. They enable to determine the application of these hilt plates, installed in couples on both sides of a sword wooden hilt and performing solely decorative functions. There is an interesting connection between the hilt plates and the swords of type V (according to the typology of J. Petersen), date from the second half of the X century.
Shelekhan O.V. Blade weapon of the Scythian time in the East-European Forest-Steppe area In the article mapping of the Scythian-time sword and daggers are presented. Finds from the area of the farmer tribes from North-Pontic forest-steppe are analyzed. Over a Scythian period, burials with blade weapon were concentrated in the strategic points. They were associated with land routes and production centers. Spread of the fnds without archaeological context is wider. They are also related with borderlands, wilder- ness, steppe landscapes and foodplains. The earliest specimens on the right bank of Dnipro were detected in the densely populated regions. In the same time, on the left bank of Dnipro and in the basin of Don they could appear even earlier than settlement structures. This features suggest that nomads were the main owners of the blade weapon in the Black Sea forest- steppe. Therefore, the Scythian tribes played a dominant role in the relationship with farmers.
Tyragetia, 2014
Papers devoted to the typology of certain categories of the material culture need the close cooperation with the local schemes. A change of researching “optics” is likely to have a positive effect on the process of studiing the general trends in the material, if this process of research is closely linked with the base of any typological constructions — with the spatial and chronological relations analysis. Besides the publication of new stray finds and partial republication of already known finds from the burial complexes, the main goal of this work is the checking of certain typological tendentions of such category of Scythian culture as akinakai (Scythian swords and daggers) of the Carpathian-Dniester region. A geographical division of Carpathian-Dniester region is proposed: Middle Dniester (Bukovinian) group, Eastern Carpathian (Neamţ) group, Siret-Dniester (Moldavian) group, Lower Dniester and Lower Danube groups. Chronologically, the massive of akinakai of Carpathian-Dniester region could be divided into three groups: Early Scythian (650—550 BC), Middle Scythian (550—450 BC) and Classic Scythian (450—300 BC). The following trends connected with Scythian swords and daggers were noticed: Early Scythian burials with akinakai concentrate in Bukovina and strayfinds in Moldova, Middle Scythian burials — are grouping in Moldavian and the strayfinds — in Neamţ group, and the Classical Scythian burials with akinakai are presented only in Lower Dnister and Lower Danube groups.
Баранов Г.В. Новая находка перекрестья и навершия рукояти византийского меча с территории Черкасского района Черкасской области Украины // Материалы по археологии и истории античного и средневекового Крыма. Вып. 7. – Симферополь-Тюмень, 2015. – С. 87-105.
The article describes for the first time a new find of a Byzantine sword-guard and a pommel in Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine. The items are in a good state of preservation and are made of a non-ferrous metal (bronze?). The sword-guard belongs to the Garabonc type of swords proposed by the Bulgarian researcher Valery Yotov. As was found out, the sword-guard from Cherkasy Oblast is almost identical to sword-guards that are pictured on drawings in the Paris manuscript of Homilies of St. Gregory of Nazianzus (BNF, Grec 510). This allows to date the sword-guard to the last quarter of the 9th century. The sword-guard from Cherkasy Oblast that has almost exact analogies on Byzantine drawings is an important link between monuments of Byzantine visual arts and archeological materials which proves the Byzantine origin of this type of artifacts.