Studies of Water and Sediment Quality of Owalla Dam, Osun State, Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Physicochemical analysis of water and sediments of Usuma Dam, Abuja, Nigeria
Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry
Usuma Dam is the major source of potable water in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The physicochemical properties of water and sediment of the dam was assessed in this study to determine its quality. Electrical conductivity, pH, nitrate, phosphate, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, chloride, total hardness, phosphate, nitrate and sulfate were determined in the water samples. Total organic matter, total organic carbon and particle size were among the parameters analyzed in sediments. The parameters were within recommended limits except for biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand which were more than the recommended limit of 10 mg/L and 30 mg/L respectively. The total organic matter and the total organic carbon in the sediment samples were between 1.56±0.27 – 2.85±0.20 % and 0.13±0.03 – 0.96±0.03 % respectively. The particle size was in the following order: sand >...
Journal of Environmental Systems, 2005
This study examines the impact of selected land use types on surface water quality downstream of Asa dam in Ilorin, Southwestern Nigeria. Water samples were collected at seven points (including a control, 0.50 km from Asa dam). Four-sampling points fall within agricultural land use area, two within light industrial/residential area, and the control was within an undisturbed natural environment. The level/concentration of 10 physico-chemical parameters, color, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, total hardness (CaCO 3), calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, chloride, calcium, and nitrate were determined using standard procedures. GIS was used to determine the extent of land cover by Asa dam and its downstream environment including the length of River Asa in respect to sampling points. This was achieved through the map generated from satellite imageries and the use of GPS. This article presents and discusses the results of laboratory analyses undertaken, spatial variability in the level/concentration of the water quality parameters, as well as the consequences of sustained use of River Asa water without treatment for domestic purposes. The results show that the quality of River Asa downstream of the dam was impaired to different degrees using WHO standards for the selected parameters and land use types. Consequently, using the water for domestic purposes, in particular as currently obtained in the area, portends grave danger to human health and the situation will be worse in the near future if necessary control is not put in place.
The study assessed the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments from Owella reservoir in Osun State, Nigeria with the primary aim of creating a baseline information in aspect of limnology and also to further assess influenced by anthropogenic activities as well as characteristics that were affected mostly by natural sources in the water body. Twenty sampling stations were established along the reservoir representing its three different sections and two zones for a period of two years. On the average, the reservoir sediment was mostly sand, clayey-sand in texture, acidic in chemical reaction, low in nutrients and moderate in organic matter. Although, nutrients were identified to be mostly of anthropogenic origin, while alkali metals and alkaline earth metals were from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The overall order of dominance of the exchangeable cations was: Mg2+ > Ca2+ > H+ > Al3+ > K+ >Na+ and anions in the order PO34- > SO42− > NO3−> Cl−. S...
Physico-Chemical Assessment On Quality Of Watari Dam Water, Kano State, Nigeria
2017
This study evaluated the Physico-Chemical Composition of Watari Dam, Kano State. Monthly variation and composition of physico-chemical parameters of the river were studied for a period of ten months (May, 2012-February, 2013). Physico-chemical parameters result showed monthly variations, where pH, temperature and Electrical conductivity means monthly values ranges between 6.1-8.0, 25-310C, and 61.0-77.0µohm/cm respectively. Dissolve oxygen (DO), dissolve solid (DS) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) mean monthly values ranged between 2.5-3.9, 33-49 and 2.0-4.1 respectively. While suspended solid (SS) and nitrate means values ranges between 2.2-5.8 and 20.4-27.0 respectively. Correlation matrix showed there was significant positive and negative correlation between physico-chemical parameters. The composition of DO, DS and BOD of in the river were affected by seasonal variations. Adequate monitoring of the water quality and regulation of anthropogenic activities in and around the basin are recommended in order to slow down the aging process of the dam and conserve it for a longer period.
The study assessed the physico-chemical characteristics of sediments from Owella reservoir in Osun State, Nigeria with the primary aim of creating a baseline information in aspect of limnology and also to further assess influenced by anthropogenic activities as well as characteristics that were affected mostly by natural sources in the water body. Twenty sampling stations were established along the reservoir representing its three different sections and two zones for a period of two years. On the average, the reservoir sediment was mostly sand, clayey-sand in texture, acidic in chemical reaction, low in nutrients and moderate in organic matter. Although, nutrients were identified to be mostly of anthropogenic origin, while alkali metals and alkaline earth metals were from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The overall order of dominance of the exchangeable cations was: Mg2+ > Ca2+ > H+ > Al3+ > K+ >Na+ and anions in the order PO34- > SO42− > NO3−> Cl−. S...
PLOS Water, 2023
The study aims to investigate the impact of anthropogenic influences within the catchment areas on the sediment physico-chemical quality of Owalla Reservoir in Osun State, Nigeria with the primary aim of creating baseline information on the aspect of limnology. Twenty sampling stations were established along the reservoir representing, its three different sections and two zones. The sampling was conducted for a period of two years to cover both seasons of the year in the area. The sediment samples were collected using a Van-Veen grab of 0.04 m 2 area (0.2m × 0.2m) from the waterbed at each sampling locations; labelled, kept in cooler at 4˚C and transported to the laboratory for the analysis. The reservoir sediment was mainly clayey-sand in texture, while the particle size distribution was in this order: sand (73.1%) > clay (17.4%) > silt (9.4%).
The River Galma basin around Zaria, was studied in order to determine the whether pollution was responsible for the increasingly low fish catches from the river. This was done by comparing the physicochemical parameters of water and sediments in the upstream area before the Zaria dam where human and industrial population is low with the downstream area after the dam where human population is high and industries are concentrated. Water and sediment samples were collected from twenty sampling points (ten points each in both upstream and downstream areas) and thirteen physico-chemical parameters of the River water were analysed. Ten physico-chemical parameters of the sediments were also analysed. Results show that values for pH, total solids, total suspended solids, hardness, nitrate and phosphate were higher in the upstream area while values for dissolved oxygen, transparency and conductivity were higher in the downstream area. It was concluded that the physico-chemical parameters of the River water are favourable for fish production and so pollution may not responsible for low fish landings reported by fishermen. The River water is also a suitable source of water for the Zaria municipal water works. All parameters, except alkalinity and phosphate content, had higher mean values in upstream area sediments than in downstream area sediments and this may be due to the higher residence time of water in the upstream area because of the dam
Assessment of Surface Water Quality: The Perspective of the Weija Dam in Ghana
International Journal of Chemistry, 2011
Investigations into the water quality from the Weija Dam have been carried out. The inhabitants around the dam use the water for drinking and irrigation mainly, apart from fishing activities. Twenty five samples were collected and standard methods were used for the measurement of physical and chemical parameters. The ionic dominance pattern for cation and anion was Na + >K + > Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ and HCO 3 ->Cl ->SO 4 2respectively. The ionic dominance pattern of the study area was in contrast with the ionic dominance pattern of Ca 2+ > Mg 2+ > Na + > K + and HCO 3 -> SO 4 2-> Clfor fresh water and Na + > Mg 2+ > Ca 2+ > K + and Cl -> SO 4 2-> HCO 3 for sea water. Generally, anthropogenic activities along the Densu river basin and rock weathering, as opposed to evaporation-crystallisation and precipitation, could be the source of major ions in the dam. The hydrochemistry gives an indication that the water is soft and suitable for domestic use. The water was also found to be useful for irrigation without prior dilution with low salinity waters.
EVALUATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENT OF SOME SELECTED DAMS FROM KATSINA STATE NIGERIA
This work contributes to the monitoring of water pollution of some selected Dams in Katsina State, North western Nigeria by assessing the degree of heavy metal pollution in the Dams sediment samples. The study was conducted in the year 2017 within some Ecological Risk Index (PERI). The result of this study has shown that generally among the heavy metals evaluated, the highest concentration was observed for Fe (range: 2.6718-4.2830 ppm), followed by Zn (range: 0.4265-0.7376 ppm), Cr (range: 0.1106-0.1836 ppm), Cd (range: 0.1333-0.1273 ppm) and Mn (range: 0.1136-0.1271 ppm). While Pb has the lowest concentration (range: 0.0472-0.0598 ppm). For all the site sampled the heavy metal Ni was below detection level (BDL). From the results of heavy metals I-geo values, according to Muller's classification, all the sediment samples from the selected dams were unpolluted (class 0). The result for the enrichment factor has shown that for all the selected dam sediment samples the heavy metals show deficiency to minimal enrichment. Also based on the contamination factors for all sediment samples the heavy metal Cd has a CF values range of 0.5430-0.6665 (~1), indicating that the sediment samples are moderately contaminated with Cd. In contrast, the rest of the heavy metals exhibit low contamination in general. The value of PLI ranges from 0.2408 to 0.4935, indicating unpolluted to moderate pollution. The Eri values for all samples are all < 40, presenting low ecological risk. The results suggest that the sediment samples from the selected dams in Katsina state has low contamination by the heavy metals evaluated.