Acl Injuries in Football Players Research Papers (original) (raw)

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been shown to place a severe burden on the injured athlete and the Australian health care system. Significant research has been dedicated to injury prevention training programs with limited... more

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries have been shown to place a severe burden on the injured athlete and the Australian health care system. Significant research has been dedicated to injury prevention training programs with limited success in reducing ACL injury rates among heterogeneous athletic populations. A contributing factor to unsuccessful injury prevention programs are low athlete attendance, compliance and/or engagement to the training protocol (Donnelly et al, 2012a). Though lower limb injury rates are high among elite level athletes, injury prevention programs are generally considered to be low priority as coaches have a misguided perception that there is an inverse relationship between prophylactic training and athletic performance (ie. speed/agility, aerobic power, and strength). Recent literature has identified the dynamic strength and control of the hip and trunk during dynamic sporting tasks is of paramount importance for reducing an athlete’s peak knee loading and injury risk in sport (Dempsey et al, 2009; Donnelly et al, 2012b; Weir et al, 2014). The purpose of this study was to show that a biomechanically focused ACL injury prevention training protocol is effective in reducing ACL injury rates, while simultaneously having no negative effect on athletic performance.

Cedera atau injury merupakan sesuatu kerusakan pada struktur atau fungsi tubuh yang dikarenakan suatu paksaan atau tekanan fisik. Injury sering dialami oleh seorang atlet, seperti cedera goresan, robek pada ligamen, atau patah tulang... more

Cedera atau injury merupakan sesuatu kerusakan pada struktur atau fungsi tubuh yang dikarenakan suatu paksaan atau tekanan fisik. Injury sering dialami oleh seorang atlet, seperti cedera goresan, robek pada ligamen, atau patah tulang karena terjatuh. Injury tersebut biasanya memerlukan pertolongan yang profesional dengan segera. Injury olahraga secara umum berupa cedera memar, cedera ligamentum, cedera pada otot dan tendon, pendarahan pada kulit dan pingsan. Risiko terjadinya injury dalam perminan futsal diakibatkan pengaruh dari luar (faktor ekstrinsik) berupa tackling atau tabrakan, pukulan atau benturan, lapangan yang jelek dimana menggunakan semen yang dialas dengan rumput sintetis berbahan kasar dan alat yang digunakan dalam bermain kurang baik seperti sepatu yang rusak dan tidak menggunakan alas pelindung tulang kering (deker). Sedangkan injury akibat pengaruh dari dalam (faktor intrinsik) seperti postur tubuh yang kurang baik, gerakan latihan yang salah, kelemahan otot, fisik yang tidak fit, prosedur keselamatan atlet yang kurang terjamin dan otot atau ligament yang berlebihan. Kejadian cedera pada lutut cenderung menyebabkan atlet futsal absen dalam jangka waktu paling lama, cedera di bagian ini juga paling sering membutuhkan operasi pembedahan untuk mengatasinya salah satunya adalah cidera pada Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) (Sumadi, 2018).

We have designed and built up a new piece of leg-extension equipment that minimizes the tibiofemoral shear joint load and suppresses the anterior cruciate ligament stress. This is achieved by a controlled radial displacement of the... more

We have designed and built up a new piece of leg-extension equipment that minimizes the tibiofemoral shear joint load and suppresses the anterior cruciate ligament stress. This is achieved by a controlled radial displacement of the resistance pad along the lower-leg within the knee range of motion: for knee flexion angles greater than 40°, the pad is placed distally on the lower-leg; for knee flexion angles smaller than 40°, the pad is continuously moved proximally (up to 0.165 m from the knee joint) during knee-extension phase and distally during knee-flexion phase. The change in position of the resistance pad does not change the compressive component of the tibiofemoral joint load and the knee muscle torque.
The resistance input lever of a commercial (Technogym S.p.a.) leg-extension machine was modified to include a longitudinal linear guide along which the resistance pad slides by means of a custom plate connection. The pad is moved by an asynchronous motor controlled with a custom-designed LabView algorithm. The maximum speed and acceleration of the pad, given by 5 m/s and 45 m/s2, respectively, were dimensioned to be consistent with almost all kinds of knee-extension exercise kinematics, including ballistic trials. A liner (angular) encoder senses the position of the pad (lever) with an accuracy of 1 mm (0.1 °). Some essential adjustments are built into the mechanical design of the device to optimize the pad displacement and give a comfortable fit to individuals of different sizes.
This new electromechanical device was designed not only to be part of newly manufactured equipment, but also to be implemented in pre-existing leg-extension equipment with simple and inexpensive adaptations. In conclusion, this new device represents a next generation toll, powerful and reliable for early dynamic strengthening of knee extensor muscles in the first stages of rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

There have been numerous treatments developed to address ligament injury, given the functional impact of such injury on lifestyle and participa- tion in physical activities at all levels of recre- ational and competitive endeavors. With... more

There have been numerous treatments developed to address ligament injury, given the functional impact of such injury on lifestyle and participa- tion in physical activities at all levels of recre- ational and competitive endeavors. With regard to commonly diagnosed knee injuries, anterior cru- ciate ligament (ACL) insufficiency is a frequently encountered pathology that often requires surgi- cal treatment to restore the desired level of func- tion. Considering that ligament injuries most commonly affect active individuals who tend to be younger, such injuries can lead to substantial alterations in lifestyle, and therapeutic treatments that restore near-anatomic function of damaged ligaments have the potential to overcome some of the shortcomings associated with current methds of reconstruction, particularly in the case of ACL insufficiency. The incidence of complete injury to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is considerably lower than that of the ACL and is estimated to occur at a rate of 2 per 100,000; however, the prevalence of asymptomatic PCL injury is considered to be not ably higher [1]. Injury to collateral ligaments represents a signifi- cant proportion of knee injuries that present to emergency rooms, and high rates of medial and collateral ligament injuries are associated with collegiate sporting activities, with many of these cases involving noncontact competition [2].
Despite advances in sports medicine, there remains controversy in the treatment of ligament injury, particularly when there is functional insuf- ficiency associated with partial ligament injury. For instance, reconstruction of the ACL is the current gold standard treatment for symptomatic ACL insufficiency, irrespective of injury pattern, and high rates of return to sport are expected [3, 4]. Disadvantages of ACL reconstruction include donor site morbidity, inability to restore normal joint kinematics, and an increased incidence of premature degenerative joint changes [5–8].
There are challenges associated with restoring anatomic function in cases of ligament injury, and biologic therapies have great potential to address some of these concerns. Therapeutic interventions that utilize bioactive growth factors and cellular elements may be used to augment ligament repair processes and can be used inconjunction with surgical treatment modalities. These biologic treatments may be a prominent feature of treatment algorithms as these technolo- gies develop and understanding of reparative pro- cesses at the cellular level advances.

translation during the Lachman test with a Rolimeter and measurement of knee hyperextension with a goniometer for both knees. A standardized pivot shift test was performed in both knees and quantified using image analysis technology.... more

translation during the Lachman test with a Rolimeter and measurement of knee hyperextension with a goniometer for both knees. A standardized pivot shift test was performed in both knees and quantified using image analysis technology. Generalized ligamentous laxity was assessed using the modified Beighton score. Results The average anterior translation of the lateral compartment during the pivot shift test was 1.6 mm (range 0.1– 7.1) with a mean side-to-side difference of 0.6 mm (range 0–2.7). The average anterior translation during the Lachman test was 9.0 (range 2–15). The anterior translation of the lateral compartment during the pivot shift test was significantly higher in females (median, 1.6; range 0.3–4.9) than in males (1.1, 0.1–7.1 mm) (p < 0.05). Anterior translation of the lateral compartment during the pivot shift test was significantly correlated with anterior translation during the Lachman test (r = 0.34; p < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between anterior translation of the lateral compartment during the pivot shift test and knee hyperextension or modified Beighton score (n.s). Conclusion The data from this study show that female sex is associated with increased rotatory knee laxity measured during the pivot shift test and anterior translation during the Lachman test in collegiate athletes. In the future, these data may be helpful in diagnosing and managing ACL injuries in athletes and could be used in the clinic as a baseline by which to compare and identify patients who might exhibit increased rotatory laxity. Level of evidence Diagnostic level II. Keywords Knee · Rotatory knee laxity · Pivot shift · Knee instability Abstract Purpose/hypothesis The purpose of this observational study was to determine which factors, including sex, are associated with increased rotatory knee laxity in collegiate athletes with no history of knee injuries. It was hypothesized that increased rotatory knee laxity, measured by a quantitative pivot shift test, would correlate with female sex, increased anterior translation during the Lachman test, generalized ligamentous laxity, and knee hyperextension. Methods Ninety-eight collegiate athletes with a median age of 20 (range 18–25) years with no history of knee injuries were tested. IKDC and Marx activity scores were obtained and subjects underwent measurement of anterior

Introducción: La reconstrucción del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA) se ha establecido como el estándar de oro para el tratamiento de las rupturas completas del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA) en individuos activos y sintomáticos.... more

Introducción: La reconstrucción del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA) se ha establecido como el estándar de oro para el tratamiento de las rupturas completas del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior (LCA) en individuos activos y sintomáticos. Contra-riamente, el tratamiento de las rupturas parciales del LCA continúa siendo controversial. Las técnicas de reparación del LCA con aumentación biológica se encuentran en expansión en un intento de regenerar y mejorar la cicatrización del LCA nativo. Propósito: El propósito de este trabajo es presentar nuestra técnica de aumentación biológica intra-operatoria con infiltra-ción intra-ligamentaria e intra-articular de médula ósea concentrada y factores de crecimiento plaquetario (PRP) bajo visión artroscópica, para el tratamiento de las lesiones parciales del LCA aisladas en una serie de cinco casos y sus resultados. Diseño del estudio: Serie de casos. Material y Métodos: Cinco pacientes (hombres) entre 15 y 30 años con lesión parcial aislada del LCA que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y fueron controlados prospectivamente por un periodo de dos años. Todos los pacientes fueron intervenidos y se realizaron las infiltraciónes intra-ligamentaria e intra-articular de médula ósea concentrada y factores de crecimiento plaquetario autólogo bajo visión artroscópica siguiendo el mismo protocolo. Resultados: En nuestra serie de casos todos los pacientes volvieron a su actividad deportiva en un promedio de ocho meses con rodilla estable y sin síntomas, con un seguimiento de dos años, sin re rupturas en ese periodo de tiempo. Discusión: El uso de nuevas técnicas biológicas de reparación del LCA, que incluye factores de crecimiento, PRP y células madre han reportado resultados prometedores en estudios pre-clínicos y clínicos a corto plazo. En nuestra serie, la técnica de aumentación biológica intra-operatoria con médula ósea concentrada y PRP para las rupturas parciales, aisladas y agudas del LCA, fue segura, reproducible y tuvo buenos resultados a los dos años de seguimiento. Sin embargo, son necesarios estudios a largo plazo con un mayor número de pacientes y validación de técnicas para evaluar los efectos reales de estos abordajes. Palabras claves: Lesiones parciales del LCA, Médula Ósea Concentrada, Factores de Crecimiento, PRP, Aumentación Biológica del LCA. Abstract Introduction: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been established as the gold standard for the treatment of complete ruptures of the ACL in active and symptomatic individuals. Conversely, treatment of partial ruptures of the ACL remains controversial. ACL repair techniques with biological augmentation are expanding in an attempt to regenerate and improve native ACL healing. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present our intraoperative biological augmentation technique with intra-ligamentous and intra-articular infiltration of bone marrow concentrate (BMAC) and platelet rich in growth factors (PRP) under arthrosco-pic vision for the treatment of partial and isolated ACL tears in a series of 5 cases and their results. Study design: Case series. Material and Methods: Five patients (men) between 15 and 30 years with partial and isolated tears of the ACL who met the inclusion criteria and were prospectively controlled for a period of 2 years. All patients were treated with and intra-ligamentous and intra-articular infiltrations of BMAC and PRP under arthroscopic vision following the same protocol. Results: In our cases series, all patients returned to their sport activity in an average of 8 months with stable knee and without symptoms with a follow-up of 2 years, without ruptures in that period of time. Conclusion: The use of new biological techniques of ACL repair, including growth factors, PRP and stem cells have reported promising results in short-term preclinical and clinical studies. Our work showed that this intraoperative biological augmentation technique with BMAC and PRP for partial, isolated and acute ACL ruptures was a safe procedure, reproducible with good results at 2 years of follow-up. However, long-term studies with a greater number of patients and validation of techniques are necessary to evaluate the real effects of these approaches.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the variability of movement and force production in males and females during a diagonal reaction task. Male (n=8) and female (n=8) subjects performed an unanticipated diagonal side cut task... more

The purpose of the present study was to compare the variability of movement and force production in males and females during a diagonal reaction task. Male (n=8) and female (n=8) subjects performed an unanticipated diagonal side cut task eight times with a 90s rest interval between trials. Variability of dominant limb knee angle and ground reaction forces were calculated for each subject over the eight trials. No significant differences were reported between genders for variability in any of the four parameters. This indicates that the variability of sagittal plane knee movement and ground reaction force patterns is not to be related to the increased incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in females.

The purpose of the present study was to compare lower limb alignment at initial ground contact between groups with normal and abnormal hip rotation range of motion. Male (n=8) and female (n=8) subjects performed an maximal drop jump... more

The purpose of the present study was to compare lower limb alignment at initial ground
contact between groups with normal and abnormal hip rotation range of motion. Male
(n=8) and female (n=8) subjects performed an maximal drop jump diagonal side cut task
ten to the left and ten to the right. Lower limb alignment was assessed through knee
angle, hip angle, ankle angle, thigh rotation and shank rotation at initial foot contact. One
significant difference was reported between groups for the knee angle variable on the non
dominant side. This indicates that the only the knee angle variable is affected by
unbalanced hip rotation range of motion and on the non-dominant side.

Background: A 19-year-old man presented with right knee pain while bearing weight on the right leg and difficulty bending the right knee. He was diagnosed with a complete-tear of the anterior cruciate ligament. After ACL reconstruction... more

Background: A 19-year-old man presented with right knee pain while bearing weight on the right leg and difficulty bending the right knee. He was diagnosed with a complete-tear of the anterior cruciate ligament. After ACL reconstruction this individual was referred to physical therapy treatment. Objective: To investigate if neuroscience pain education, and eccentric training, have any therapeutic significance in post-ACL reconstructive patients. Method: After assessment, the first day of the first week, introduced a treatment protocol consisting of basic range of motion (ROM) and isometric exercises for three sets of 10-30 sec hold. From first to fourth week eccentric exercises along with pain neuroscience education (PNE) sessions were given on alternate days, with three sessions for PNE and eccentric exercises until fourth week. Result: As shown in this study, treatment with a combination of PNE and eccentric training results in improved quadriceps muscle strength, range of motion, and overall function. Conclusion: This report suggested that PNE in conjunction with eccentric exercise has clinical merit. Clinical implication of study is examining the effectiveness of this approach should be conducted in the form of well-designed, clinical studies.

Ligament injury is a frequently cited cause of functional disability and affects people participating in a wide range of physical activities and levels of play. There are numerous potential benefits of ligament repair that include... more

Ligament injury is a frequently cited cause of functional disability and affects people participating in a wide range of physical activities and levels of play. There are numerous potential benefits of ligament repair that include restoration of normal joint kinematics and preservation of proprioception, which may lead to improved long-term preservation of joint anatomy and function. The healing potential for certain ligament injuries is not ideal due to anatomic considerations of vascularity and availability of native reparative growth factors and cellular elements. There are several therapeutic options involving biologic treatments that are becoming more widely used. These therapies include bioactive growth factors and multipotent cellular therapies that can be used in isolation or in combination with surgical treatment to augment ligament repair and regeneration.

Ligament injury is a frequently cited cause of functional disability and affects people participating in a wide range of physical activities and levels of play. There are numerous potential benefits of ligament repair that include... more

Ligament injury is a frequently cited cause of functional disability and affects people participating in a wide range of physical activities and levels of play. There are numerous potential benefits of ligament repair that include restoration of normal joint kinematics and preservation of proprioception, which may lead to improved long-term preservation of joint anatomy and function. The healing potential for certain ligament injuries is not ideal due to anatomic considerations of vascularity and availability of native reparative growth factors and cellular elements. There are several therapeutic options involving biologic treatments that are becoming more widely used. These therapies include bioactive growth factors and multipotent cellular therapies that can be used in isolation or in combination with surgical treatment to augment ligament repair and regeneration.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the joint kinematics in ACL rehabilitated volunteers during landing from a maximal drop jump. Male (n=6) and female (n=7) volunteers with previous ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation... more

The purpose of the present study was to compare the joint kinematics in ACL rehabilitated volunteers during landing from a maximal drop jump. Male (n=6) and female (n=7) volunteers with previous ACL reconstruction and rehabilitation performed a maximal drop jump diagonal side cut task (x20 trials). Knee and hip joint kinematics in all three planes were calculated during the landing component of the task. The range of motion (ROM) of the hip and knee joint, showed differences between the legs. The previously injured leg showed smaller ROM in hip and knee ab-adduction and knee flexion extension. The decreased range of motion in the previously injured leg may be indicative of a less variable landing movement repertoire, which may increase injury risk.

This study reviews the prevalence and the mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. using a comprehensive questionnaire, 266 from the population were interviewed about the events surrounding their ACL injury. The most common... more

This study reviews the prevalence and the mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. using a comprehensive questionnaire, 266 from the population were interviewed about the events surrounding their ACL injury. The most common ACL injury was sport (n =181). Eight-teen of the ACL injury occurred due to a sudden increase in running and 20 occurred due to stop running suddenly .four-teen of them did not report whether their injury occurred in a practice or in a game. Sixteen were listed as road traffic accident, 14 as related to their work. Noncontact mechanisms were classified as sudden deceleration prior to a change of direction or landing motion. here was the rate of anterior cruciate ligament injury higher in men in compare to the women during the study period. Men's football is a high-risk sport for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Unlike running, basketball, volleyball and gymnastics, The level of allowed contact in pivoting sports may be a factor in determining ...

Bagaimana Anda bisa menyebabkan cedera ACL? Ligamentum cruciatum anterior (ACL) menghubungkan tulang tungkai bawah ke tulang kaki bagian atas. Ligamen adalah pita jaringan fleksibel yang mengikat tulang bersama-sama. ACL, menghubungkan... more

Bagaimana Anda bisa menyebabkan cedera ACL? Ligamentum cruciatum anterior (ACL) menghubungkan tulang tungkai bawah ke tulang kaki bagian atas. Ligamen adalah pita jaringan fleksibel yang mengikat tulang bersama-sama. ACL, menghubungkan tulang paha Anda (tulang paha) ke tibia Anda (tulang kering) dan membantu menjaga sendi lutut Anda tetap stabil. Jika Anda berpartisipasi dalam olahraga seperti bola basket, senam, bola voli, sepak bola dan sepak bola, ACL Anda mungkin lebih berisiko. Jika Anda berolahraga seperti ini, Anda akan banyak stres pada lutut Anda. Ketika Anda berputar, berputar, tiba-tiba mengubah arah, dan melompat ACL Anda bisa merobek. Jika Anda hyperextend lutut Anda (ketika sendi lutut kembali lebih berbulu dari biasanya) itu juga bisa sobek. Cedera ACL terjadi ketika ligamen di lutut Anda robek. Ketika ligamen ini robek lutut Anda mungkin terasa seperti longgar. Mungkin terasa seperti itu mungkin "memberikan." Apa saja gejala cedera ACL? Rasa sakit yang ekstrem tepat setelah Anda mempertahankan cedera. Anda mungkin pernah mendengar suara pop atau retak pada saat cedera. Pembengkakan lutut Anda bisa kecil atau lebih luas atau bahkan tertunda. Anda mungkin merasa seperti Anda tidak bisa meluruskan kaki Anda. Anda mungkin merasakan kelembutan di sekitar area yang terluka. Lutut Anda mungkin terasa tidak stabil. Ketika Anda melukai ACL Anda, Anda mungkin ingin menggunakan penjepit. Mengapa menggunakan penyangga lutut untuk cedera ACL? Ada banyak penopang lutut ACL di pasar dari mana Anda dapat memilih. Pengungkit lutut ACL dapat membantu dengan cedera ringan dan yang lebih serius. Anda dapat memakai banyak jenis kawat gigi saat bermain olahraga kontak. Penguat lutut ACL membantu Anda meningkatkan tingkat aktivitas Anda dengan memberikan dukungan dan perlindungan. Penahan lutut ACL dapat membantu ACL cedera Anda untuk menyembuhkan sementara memungkinkan Anda kebebasan bergerak. Pengungkit lutut ACL dapat membantu mengurangi rasa sakit Anda dengan menjaga lutut tetap stabil. Kawat gigi berikut menyediakan tingkat IV (maksimum) perlindungan. The Townsend Rebel PRO Ligament Brace, Ligament Xig Ligament Brace Breg, dan Ligament Ligament DonJoy FULL adalah semua kawat gigi yang sangat baik untuk digunakan jika Anda telah menyakiti ACL Anda. Setiap penjepit memberi Anda perlindungan dan dukungan tingkat tinggi.Peranjang ini harganya $ 595,00, $ 515,95, dan $ 549,95 masing-masing. The Townsend adalah salah satu alat penguat terbaik untuk cedera ligamen meskipun itu yang paling mahal. Untuk olahraga dengan intensitas tinggi, dianjurkan. Harga ini telah dirujuk dari Braceshop.com. Sumber: https://dokter.my/ortopedi/cedera-acl

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Persistent rotatory instability is often described in association with ACL reconstruction. Recent studies have drawn attention to the lateral sided knee structures as possible contributors to this instability. However, varying terminology... more

Persistent rotatory instability is often described in association with ACL reconstruction. Recent studies have drawn attention to the lateral sided knee structures as possible contributors to this instability. However, varying terminology and research methodology has made the results of these recent studies difficult to interpret. It is crucial that surgeons have a thorough understanding of anterolateral knee anatomy and function prior to proposing extra-articular treatment options. The most important factor in restoring rotatory knee stability is to perform an individualized, anatomic ACL reconstruction that recreates the native anatomy of the torn ACL. This will restore native knee stability in the vast majority of cases. However, a subset of patients will have some degree of anterolateral knee injury that may need to be addressed. At this time, the proper indications for surgery and the best extra-articular procedure are not known. Therefore, it is paramount that future research establishes consistent terminology and research methodology so that scientific understanding of this incredibly intricate anatomic complex can progress.